JAMBI MEDICAL JOURNAL "Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan"
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ATTITUDE OF UNDERGRADUATE MEDICAL STUDENTS TO PATIENT SAFETY
Get PDFBackground: To assess undergraduate medical students’ attitudes to the patient safety issue and their interest in patient safety education.
Method: The cross-sectional survey of 519 undergraduate students was conducted at the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Yarsi, in September 2017. A structured and anonymous self-administered questionnaire was handed to medical students, including preclinical and clinical undergraduate students.
Results: Overall, 308(59%) students agreed that medical errors were inevitable, but 391(75%) students thought competent physicians do not make errors. More than half of the students said medical errors should be reported even if there is no harm to the patient (59% and 73% respectively). Less than half (29%) students believe reporting systems do little to reduce future errors. Almost all of the students (94%) thought work harder and more careful is an effective strategy after an error occurs. Over 80% of students thought physicians routinely share information about medical errors. The majority agreed that patient safety should be part of medical curriculum and physician should spend their time to improve patient care (66% and 86% respectively). Most students (94%) would like to receive teaching on patient safety further.
Conclusion: This study revealed that undergraduate students had a positive attitude to patient safety and teaching of 'patient safety' needs to be promoted in the medical curriculum.
Keywords: patient safety, medical error, curriculum, medical student
SKRINING THALASSEMIA PADA SUKU ANAK DALAM DI PROVINSI JAMBI
Get PDFBackground: thalassemia mutations are very diverse and can be ethnic-specific. Prevention is done through screening of carrier traits, counseling and prenatal diagnosis; which will be optimal when accompanied by carrier frequency data and spectral data type of mutation
Purpose of research: to determine the frequency of carrier of thalassemia character of suku anak dalam in Jambi Province
Methods of research: descriptive, as many as 35 respondents of suku anak dalam in of Sei Ulak village. Performed the making of blood smear and venous blood sampling. Blood smear were given Wright-Giemsa staining. A complete blood examination was performed with a Sysmex Xs-800i hematology analyzer. Hb analysis using Capillary electrophoresis model Minicap Flex-piercing from Sebia. DNA analysis was performed by SEA, Fil and Thai Delight, Delete 3.7 and 4.2kb, and HbCS and Hb Adana point mutations
Results: Haemoglobin <normal at age 5 - <12 years 2.86% mild and moderate 2.86%, age> 15 years, women 2.86% mild, age> 15 years, men 5.71% mild, peripheral blood 8.57% found microcytic hypochromic cells 5.71% of the mixed HbA averages 97.1, 97.0 (33.3%) while HbA1 2.8, 3.0 (33.3%). HbF is present in 1 sample. DNA analysis not found mutation
Conclusions and suggestions: Conclusions: In Suku Anak Dalam we found mild anemia 11.42% and moderate anemia 2.86%. Smear of blood found 8.57% hypochrome microscopic cells and 5.71% mixture. HbA 97.0 (33.3%), HbA2 highest 3.0 (33.3%). HbF 1 (2.86%). There is 1 (2.86.7%) suspect carrier of thalassemia a and there is 1 (2.8%) suspect variant Hb. This result excludes the possibility of carrying thalassemia trait a mild 3 respondents (8.57%). Suggestion: Advanced molecular examination of DNA sequencing
Keywords: Suku Anak Dalam, Haemoglobin, Hb Analysis, Thalassemia a, Thalassemia
 
KORELASI ASUPAN ASAM LEMAK OMEGA-3 DENGAN KEMAMPUAN KOGNISI MAHASISWA KEDOKTERAN
Get PDFBackground: Cognitive performance increases along brain development until 20-30 years old, then it’s become flat and decrease in 40-50 years old. Optimal cognitive function is very important in every stage of human development. There is a possibility that omega 3 long chain fatty acid have an importan role for that. Currently there is no research publication that related omega 3 fatty acid intake with cognitive performance of medical student in Indonesia.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 60 medical students of Medicine and Health Faculty in Jambi University. Data collection included sex, body mass index, omega 3 fatty acid intake, and cognitive performance. Results: Most of the subjects are woman (68,9%), had normal body mass index (BMI) (58,3%), 42 subjects (70%) had low omega 3 fatty acid intake, and good cognitive performance with total 44 (73,3%) subject high average, superior, and very superior. There is very low corelation (r = 0,09) between omega 3 fatty acid intake and cognitive performance with Pearson’s correlation test and it’s not significant (P>0,05).
Conclusion: Omega 3 fatty acid intake may not fully supported the students cognitive performance.
Keywords: cognitive performance, omega 3 fatty acid intak
AKTIVITAS SITOTOKSIK PROPRANOLOL TERHADAP SEL KANKER PAYUDARA MCF7 IN VITRO
Get PDFBackground: Propranolol is a nonselective beta-blocker drug which is commonly used as an antihypertensive. In vitro studies showed that propranolol has anti-proliferative, anti-migratory and cytotoxic effects on cancer cells of lung, colon, breast, nasopharynx, ovarian pancreas and gastric. Therefore, this study is conducted to assess whether propranolol has cytotoxic activity of MCF7 breast cancer cells.
Research objectives: This study aimed to assess the effects of propranolol on the cytotoxic activity of MCF7 breast cancer cells.
Research methods: This quasi-experimental research using post-test with a non-equivalent control group design. Cytotoxicity test using MTT assay was performed to determine the IC50 propranolol against MCF7 cells.
Results: Propranolol showed cytotoxic activity against MCF7 breast cancer cells with IC50 value of 227.91 ± 14.74 µM (67,41±4,35 µg/mL).
Conclusion: Propranolol has cytotoxic activity against MCF7 breast cancer cells.
Keywords: propranolol, cytotoxic, MCF
Uji Kualitas Air Minum Isi Ulang di Kota Jambi
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Background: Clean water for drinking is rare where the source has been contaminated with various kinds of waste, such as disposal of organic waste, household and toxic waste from the industry, so that ground water is also not safe to become a drinking water because it has been contaminated from the septic tank or surface water. Bottled drinking water is a choice for clean drinking water but the price of bottled drinking water is high enough and makes consumers look for the cheaper and the new alternatives such as refill drinking water. Depo drinking water refills continue to increase in line with the public needs of drinking water quality and safe for consumption, though cheaper, not all depo of drinking water refills are guaranteed product security. This study is to know quality test of the drinking water refill in Jambi City
Method: This descriptive study with experimental research laboratory design was conducted in Jambi city with 62 samples from 11 sub-districts in Jambi city and conducted in Biomedical Laboratory of FKIK UNJA. Water samples were conducted by 3 stages of examination, ie the prediction test, the strengthening test and the complementary test with 5 tubes. This research was conducted in May - October 2016. Data study were shown in tables.
Result: The results showed that the drinking water refill category either amounted to 20 depots (32.26%) and drinking water refill the bad category amounted to 42 depots (67.74%). of 42 samples of refill drinking water with positive probability test results, there were 16 samples (38,10%) containing faecal coliform, and 27 samples (64,29%) containing non-faecal coliform.
Conclusion: Drinking Water Refills in Jambi City are not all free from koliform bacteria.
Keywords: Drinking Water Refill, Bacteriological Test, Most Probable Number
Abstrak
Latar Belakang: Air bersih yang layak minum kian langka untuk dijumpai dimana sungai-sungai yang menjadi sumbernya sudah tercemar berbagai macam limbah, seperti buangan sampah organik, rumah tangga hingga limbah beracun dari industri. Air tanah juga sudah tidak aman dijadikan bahan air minum karena telah terkontaminasi rembesan dari tangki septik maupun air permukaan. Air minum dalam kemasan (AMDK) kini menjadi pilihan pemakaian air bersih namun harga AMDK cukup tinggi dan membuat konsumen mencari alternatif baru yang murah seperti air minum isi ulang. Depo air minum isi ulang terus meningkat sejalan dengan keperluan masyarakat terhadap air minum yang bermutu dan aman untuk dikonsumsi, meski lebih murah, tidak semua depo air minum isi ulang ini terjamin keamanan produknya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui uji Kualitas bakteriologis Air Minum isi Ulang di Kota Jambi.
Metode: Penelitian deskriptif dengan rancangan penelitian eksperimen laboratorium ini dilakukan pada 62 sampel dari 11 kecamatan kota Jambi. Pengujian bateriologis dilakukan menggunakan Most Probable Number yang terdiri dari 3 tahap (uji penduga, uji penguat dan uji pelengkap) dengan seri 5 tabung pada sampel air minum yang dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Biomedik FKIK UNJA. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Mei – Oktober 2016. Data disajikan dalam bentuk tabel.
Hasil:. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa air minum isi ulang kategori baik berjumlah 20 depot (32,26%) dan air minum isi ulang kategori buruk berjumlah 42 depot (67,74%). Dari 42 sampel air minum isi ulang dengan hasil uji penduga positif, terdapat 16 sampel (38,10%) yang mengandung koliform fekal, dan 27 sampel (64,29%) yang mengandung koliform non-fekal.
Kesimpulan: Air Minum isi Ulang yang ada di Kota Jambi tidak semuanya bebas dari koliform fekal.
Kata Kunci: Air Minum Isi Ulang, Uji Bakteriologis, Most Probable Numbe
PERANAN CYCLIN D1 DAN VEGF TERHADAP RESPONS RADIOTERAPI PADA KARSINOMA NASOFARING TIDAK BERDIFERENSIASI STADIUM LANJUT
Get PDFBackground: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma has a high incidence and mortality rate in Southeast Asia and Indonesia. Radioresistance is a major obstacle to successful treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. DNA repair in the cell cycle and angiogenesis factors affects the response of tumor cells to radiotherapy. Cyclin D1 that functions in the cell cycle process and VEGF as an angiogenesis factor are considered to play a role in the occurrence of radioresistance. The objective of this study is to find the association between immunoexpression of Cyclin D1 and VEGF with radiotherapy response in undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
Methods: This study used a retrospective case control analysis design, secondary data from medical records of patients diagnosed as undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma who received complete radiotherapy at the Radiation Oncology Department Dr Hasan Sadikin Bandung were taken. There were 44 samples divided into radiosensitive (22 samples) and radioresistant (22 samples) groups. Immunohistochemical examination of Cyclin D1 and VEGF was performed on paraffin blocks of patients' nasopharyngeal biopsy. Data analysis using Chi-Square test with p ≤0.05 and OR 95% CI.
Results: Cyclin D1 expressed strongly in 86.4% of the radioresistant group and 59.1% in the radiosensitive group (p<0.05) and the OR 4,385 (0.993-19.356), VEGF was strongly expressed in 77.3% of the radioresistant group and 54.5% in the radiosensitive group (p>0.05).
Conclusion: There were significant association between Cyclin D1 with radiotherapy response in undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The stronger immunoexpression of Cyclin D1, the higher likelihood of radioresistancy. VEGF immunoexpression showed no significant association with radiotherapy response.
Key words: cyclin d1, nasopharyngeal carcinoma,radiotherapy, VEG
BARRIERS OF FALL RISK ASSESSMENT AND PREVENTION IMPLEMENTATION IN HOSPITAL SETTING
Get PDFFalls are the most worrying incidence of patient safety concern that have an impact on injury and death. 1.9 to 3 percent of patients fall in the hospital, with injuries in 6 to 44 percent. Hospitals are making efforts to reduce those fall rates, but its implementation are hindered by a variety of barriers. This study aims to identify the barriers of fall risk assessment and prevention in the hospital. The research method is systematic review using PRISMA, with 15 included studies. Identified barriers includes insufficient knowledge, lack of motivation, absence of champion, lack of resources, inadequate communication, unsustainable program, and support and access shortage. To successfully implement fall prevention programs in hospitals requires a multifaceted, planned approach that includes: regular education and training for staff and patients; provision of equipment; audit, reminders and feedback; leadership and champions; simple programs; and a framework and time for adaptation in the hospital.
Keywords: barriers, fall risk assessment, fall prevention, hospita
EFEK HEPATOPROTEKTOR EKSTRSAK JINTAN HITAM (Nigella sativa) TERHADAP KERUSAKAN HEPAR TIKUS PUTIH (Rattus norvegicus) JANTAN GALUR Sparague Dawley YANG DIINDUKSI ETANOL
Get PDFABSTRACT
Background: Among the various medicinal plants, black cumin (Nigella sativa) appears as an herb with a historical and religious background due to a lot of research. One of the most important effects on Nigella sativa is the hepatoprotective that has been shed in various studies. Thymoquinone which is the content of Nigella sativa has the ability to inhibit lipid peroxidation. Thymoquinone can reduce oxidative stress and increase antioxidants in the body. The objectives of this study were to overcome the effects hepatoprotector of black cumin extract (Nigella sativa) on the damage of hepatic of male white rat (Rattus norvegicus) sparague dawley strain induced by ethanol.
Methodology: It is a kind of experimental laboratory research used that uses random controlled design method with the pattern of post test-only control group design. The subject of this research is 25 adult male white rats (Rattus norvegicus) Sparague Dawley strain aged 3-4 months, weight 150-300 grams, that are divided in to five groups. Group one (normal control) is given aquades dose 0,01 ml/grBB/day, group two (pathologic control) is given ethanol with dose o,o1 ml/grBB/day, group three is given 25% concentration of black cumin extract and 50% ethanol, group four is given 37,5% concentration of black cumin extract and 50% ethanol, and group five is given 50% concentration of black cumin extract and 50% ethanol. After 14th days, the treatment was stopped and the rats got dislocation cervical, and then laparotomy for made histopathology preparation. After getting observed, the data that is gotten is analyzed with Kruskal-Wallis test and then Mann-Whitney test.
Result: The result of Kruskal-Wallis test showed that there was an effect of black cumin extract (Nigella sativa) on the damage of hepatic of male white rat (Rattus norvegicus) sparague dawley strain induced by ethanol with p = 0,001 (p <0,05) . Mann Whitney test show there is a means difference between group I (normal control) with group II (pathologic control), group III (dose I), group IV (dose II) and group V (dose III).
Conclusion: There is a hepatoprotector effect of black cumin (Nigella sativa) extract to liver’s damage of white rats (Rattus norvegicus) sparague dawley strain induced by ethanol.
Key words: Black cumin extract, ethanol, fatty degeneration of liver rats.
ABSTRAK
Latar Belakang: Di antara berbagai tanaman obat, jintan hitam (Nigella sativa) muncul sebagai ramuan dengan latar belakang sejarah dan agama karena banyak penelitian mengungkapkan potensi farmakologis dari tanaman tesebut. Salah satu efek yang paling penting pada Nigella sativa adalah hepatoprotektif yang ditelah dijelaskan dalam berbagai penelitian. Thymoquinone yang merupakan kandungan jintan hitam memiliki kemampuan untuk menghambat peroksidasi lipid. Thymoquinone dapat mengurangi stress oksidatif dan meningkatkan pertahanan antioksidan dalam tubuh. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk meneliti efek hepatoprotektor jintan hitam (Nigella sativa) terhadap kerusakan hepar tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus) jantan galur Sprague Dawley yang diinduksi etanol.
Metode: Jenis penelitian ini adalah eksperimental laboratorik menggunakan metode rancangan acak terkontrol dengan pola post test-only control group design. Subjek penelitian adalah 25 ekor tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus) jantan galur sparague dawley berumur 3-4 bulan, berat badan 150-300 gram, yang dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok. Kelompok I (kontrol normal) diberi aquades dosis 0,01 ml/grBB/hari, kelompok II (kontrol patologis) diberi etanol 50% dosis 0,01 ml/grBB/hari, kelompok III diberi ekstrak jintan hitam konsentrasi 25% dan etanol 50%, kelompok IV diberi ekstrak jintan hitam konsentrasi 37,5% dan etanol 50%, serta kelompok V diberi ekstrak jintan hitam konsentrasi 50% dan etanol 50%. Setelah hari ke-14, perlakuan dihentikan, dilakukan dislokasi pada leher tikus kemudian dilakukan laparotomi untuk pengambilan hepar tikus untuk dibuat preparat histopatologis. Setelah diamati, data dianalisis dengan uji Kruskal-Wallis dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Mann Whitney.
Hasil: Hasil uji Kruskal-Wallis menunjukkan terdapat pengaruh ekstrak jintan hitam (Nigella sativa) terhadap kerusakan hepar tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus) jantan galur sparague dawley yang diinduksi etanol, dengan nilai p = 0,001 (p<0,05). Uji Mann Whitney menunjukkan perbandingan yang bermakna didapatkan pada kelompok I (kontrol normal) dengan kelompok II (kontrol patologis), kelompok III (dosis I), kelompok IV (dosis II) dan kelompok V (dosis III).
Kesimpulan: Terdapat efek hepatoprotektor ekstrak jintan hitam (Nigella sativa) terhadap kerusakan hepar tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus) jantan galur Sprague Dawley yang diinduksi etanol.
Kata kunci: ekstrak jintan hitam, etanol, degenerasi lemak hepar tikus
SECUNDUM ATRIAL SEPTAL DEFECTS COMPLICATED WITH SEVERE PULMONARY HYPERTENSION IN PREGNANCY: MANAGEMENT AND OUTCOME
Get PDFBackground: Atrial septal defects (ASD) are the third most common type of congenital heart disease, that allows shunting of blood between the systemic and the pulmonary circulations. ASD complicated with severe pulmonary hypertension (PH) often occurs in median age, and pregnancy should be prevented since this will contributed to both high maternal mortality, and complication in pregnancy.
Objective: To discuss management and outcomes of secundum atrial septal defects complicated with severe pulmonary hypertension in pregnancy.
Case: A 21-year-old woman, G2P1AO, referred to Maternal Fetal Medicine Division on March 30, 2017 with 31 weeks of pregnancy and shortness of breathing. Further investigation revealed that she had history of atrial septal defects that was diagnosed 2 years before admission. Ultrasound examination was performed with conclusion 31 weeks intrauterine pregnancy with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). Echocardiography result indicated large secundum ASD, severe PH, severe tricuspid regurgitation (TR), severe pulmonary regurgitation (PR), and ejection fraction (EF) 43%. After closed discussion with the patient and family, the team decided to perform C-section after lung maturation. On April 10, 2017 patient underwent C-section under epidural analgesia with the pregnancy results female baby, 1170 g, APGAR Score 7/8. The patient treated in ICCU for 3 days and went home after 7 days of treatment.
Conclusion: Large secundum ASD complicated with severe PH in pregnancy should be carefully managed. Pregnancy termination should be considered, particulary if the disease threatened the mother and caused IUGR in pregnancy.
Keywords: Pregnancy, ASD, PH, management
GAMBARAN ASUPAN CAIRAN DAN STATUS GIZI PADA MAHASISWA KEDOKTERAN UNIVERSITAS JAMBI
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Background: Fluids are one of the essential nutritional elements in the body. The Indonesian Regional Dehydration Study (THIRST) finds that 46.1% of Indonesians are mildly dehydrated and the number is higher in adolescents at 49.5%. The RISKESDAS report in 2013 states that some teenage groups in Indonesia are also experiencing overweight and the number continues to increase every year. This study aims to determine the fluid intake and nutritional status in medical students of Jambi University in 2017.
Method: This research is a descriptive research with cross-sectional approach conducted in August-September 2017. The number of samples was 90 people. Data of fluid intake was obtained from the filling of 3x24 hour fluid diary and nutritional status based on Body Mass Index (BMI).
Results: The results show the average fluid intake of the study subjects was 2100 ml / day, but 74.4% are categorized as insufficient fluid intake. The average nutritional status of research subjects based on BMI was 22.36 kg / m2, with the normal nutritional status was 45.6%, above normal was 40%, and below normal was 14.4%.
Conclusions: Most of the study subjects were included in the category of insufficient fluid intake and overweight occurred more in women.
Keywords: Fluid intake, Nutrition Status, Medical Student
ABSTRAK
Latar Belakang : Cairan merupakan salah satu unsur gizi esensial dalam tubuh. Hasil penelitian The Indonesian Regional Dehydration Study (THIRST) menyebutkan bahwa 46,1% penduduk Indonesia mengalami dehidrasi ringan dan jumlah tersebut lebih tinggi pada remaja yaitu 49,5%. Laporan RISKESDAS tahun 2013 menyebutkan bahwa sebagian kelompok remaja di Indonesia juga mengalami gizi lebih dan angka tersebut terus mengalami peningkatan setiap tahun. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Gambaran Asupan Cairan dan Status Gizi Pada Mahasiswa Kedokteran Universitas Jambi Tahun 2017.
Metode : Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan cross sectional yang dilakukan pada Agustus-September 2017. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 90 orang. Data asupan cairan diperoleh dari pengisian fluid diary 3x24 jam dan status gizi berdasarkan indeks massa tubuh (IMT).
Hasil : Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rerata asupan cairan subjek penelitian yaitu 2100 ml/hari, akan tetapi sebagian besar termasuk dalam kategori asupan cairan kurang yaitu sebanyak 74,4%. Sedangkan status gizi subjek penelitian berdasarkan IMT didapatkan rerata 22,36 kg/m2 dengan status gizi normal sebesar 45,6%, status gizi lebih sebesar 40%, dan status gizi kurang sebesar 14,4%.
Kesimpulan : Sebagian besar subjek penelitian termasuk dalam kategori asupan cairan kurang dan status gizi lebih lebih bayak terjadi pada perempuan .
Kata kunci : Asupan Cairan, Status Gizi, Mahasiswa Kedoktera