JAMBI MEDICAL JOURNAL "Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan"
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Effect of Intermittent Fasting on Ureum in Hypertension Patients
Full text linkBackground: Hypertension is a silent killer that causes 10.44 million people to die every year. The prevalence of hypertension based on the 2018 Riskesdas results has also increased, as well as in Jambi Province. In pre-clinical and clinical studies, intermittent fasting and physical activity are non-pharmacological therapies for hypertension and reducing risk factors for cardiovascular disease. This study aims to determine the effect of intermittent fasting and moderate physical activity on systolic blood pressure and creatinine in hypertension sufferers in Jambi City.
Methods: This research is a quasi-experimental research with a cross-sectional research design. The research was conducted on 45 patients suffering from hypertension who received treatment at the Community Health Center in Jambi City, and did not suffer from heart disease, kidney failure, history of stroke or diabetes mellitus. The research sample had urea and creatinine checked before and after the study, carried out intermittent fasting twice a week for 1 month, and had their blood pressure measured once every three days. Respondents received guidance regarding moderate physical activity by providing exercise guidance and sports videos of moderate physical activity.
Result: The results of the study showed that intermittent fasting and moderate physical activity in hypertensive patients can reduce systolic pressure, systolic blood pressure after intermittent fasting (mean=135.2+19, 9) compared to before (mean=144.1+21.1) (t-test; p=0.001) as well as reducing urea levels, after the intermittent fasting diet, the average creatinine level was 23.6 (11.9 - 65.7) compared to previously 20.4 ( 11 - 74) (t-test; p=0.001).
Conclusion: The conclusion of this study is that intermittent fasting and moderate physical activity can reduce systolic blood pressure and urea in hypertensive sufferers..
Analysis of The Effectiveness Combination Allium Ascalonicum L. And Zingiber Officinale Var. Rubrum Extracts On Uric Acid Levels In Hyperuricemic Rattus Norvegicus
Full text linkBackgroundHyperuricemia is an increase in uric acid levels caused by increased uric acid metabolism (overproduction), decreased uric acid excretion through urine (underexcretion), or a combination of both. In Indonesia, the average age of occurrence is younger compared to Western countries, with approximately 32% of hyperuricemia cases occurring under the age of 34. The long-term and excessive use of medication can lead to toxic side effects. Previous studies have indicated that certain plants have effects in lowering uric acid levels, such as shallots (Allium ascalonicum L.) and red ginger (Zingiber officinale var. rubrum).
Objective :To analyze the effectiveness of the combined extract of Allium ascalonicum L. and Zingiber officinale var. rubrum in reducing uric acid levels in male white rats induced with potassium oxonate.
Method : An experimental study using a Pre-Post Test Control Group Design with a combination of shallot and red ginger extracts. The samples were divided into five groups.
Result : Based on the One-Way ANOVA test conducted before and after the treatment, a p-value of <0.05 was obtained, indicating that the combination of shallot and red ginger extracts was effective in reducing uric acid levels in hyperuricemic rats. The combination of 450 mg red ginger extract and 150 mg shallot extract showed the most effective and significant reduction in uric acid levels.
Conclusion : The combination of shallot and red ginger extracts is effective in reducing uric acid levels in hyperuricemic rats.
Keywords : hyperuricemia, red ginger, shallots, uric acid level
Knowledge and Treatment Adherence as Determinants in the Control of HIV/AIDS: A Social Epidemiology Approach
No full textBackground: HIV/AIDS remains a major public health challenge worldwide, and treatment adherence continues to be a critical factor in achieving effective viral suppression. Knowledge about HIV prevention plays a vital role in shaping health behaviors and promoting adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART). This study aimed to analyze the association between knowledge of HIV prevention and treatment adherence among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) using a social epidemiology framework.
Methods: A cross-sectional quantitative study was conducted among 101 PLWHA receiving ART in public health centers and clinics. Data were collected through structured questionnaires covering demographic characteristics, knowledge of HIV prevention, and treatment adherence, verified with medical records. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and the Chi-square test (α = .05) to assess the relationship between knowledge and adherence levels.
Results: The majority of respondents were male (82.2%) and had completed secondary education (66.3%). Most participants demonstrated fair to good levels of HIV prevention knowledge; however, adherence levels varied. The Chi-square test revealed a highly significant association between knowledge and treatment adherence, χ²(4) = 202, p < .001, indicating that higher knowledge was strongly correlated with improved adherence.
Conclusion: The findings emphasize that knowledge enhancement significantly improves ART adherence and contributes to the control of HIV/AIDS. Strengthening education programs, peer support, and community engagement are essential strategies to foster sustainable adherence and align national efforts with global HIV prevention targets
The Effect of Ethanol Extract of Senggani Leaves (Melastoma malabathricum) on Reducing Paw Edema in Rats Induced By Carrageenan
Full text linkBackground: The extract of senggani leaves (Melastoma malabathricum) has attracted attention as a potential anti-inflammatory agent due to its diverse phytochemical content, including flavonoids, tannins, and other polyphenols, which have been shown to possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities in several previous studies. This study aims to determine the difference in the percentage of inflammation inhibition of paw edema in rats induced by carrageenan through the administration of senggani leaves extract.
Methods: In this study, 24 rats were divided into 4 groups. Negative control group was given Na-CMC 0.5%, Positive control group was given Na-diclofenac 50 mg/kg BW. Two dosage groups were given senggani extract solution at 250 and 500 mg/kg BW. Carrageenan is used to induce local inflammation by injecting a 2% carrageenan solution in physiological NaCl subcutaneously into the subplantar region of all test animal groups to elicit an edema response. Paw thickness is measured using calipers at hour 0 before inflammation induction, followed by measurements at hours 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5.
Results: The peak inhibitory effect (62.10% and 60.41%) for both doses of senggani extract was observed at the 3rd hour, suggesting a rapid onset of action. At the higher dose (500 mg/kg BW), senggani extract exhibited comparable or even slightly superior inhibitory effects to Na-diclofenac.
Conclusion: Senggani extract has potential as a natural anti-edema agent. Further research is needed to explore its mechanism of action and optimize its therapeutic use
Implementation Of Minimum Health Service Standards For Maternal And Child Health (Mch) And Family Planning In Bengkayang District, Indonesia
No full textBackground: Primary Healthcare Centers, or Puskesmas, are vital in delivering the Minimum Health Service Standard (MHSS) for maternal and child health. This study aims to analyze the performance outcomes of maternal and child health services based on MHSS and to identify the health worker and socio-demographic factors that influence MHSS achievement in Bengkayang District.
Method: This study utilized two approaches: cross-sectional exploration and situational analysis based on reviews at the health management level and health service units in the district. It was conducted from August to October 2020 at three Primary Healthcare Centers in Bengkayang District, utilizing purposive sampling and involving 20 key informants.
Results: The MHSS’s achievements in maternal and child health services and family planning programs varied. The K4 coverage at Puskesmas Ledo fell short of its target. Additionally, the percentage of childbirths assisted by health workers in the health facilities at Puskesmas Bengkayang, Ledo, and Jagoi Babang did not meet the national MHSS target. Coverage for the initial antenatal care visit and essential immunization targets at Puskesmas Ledo and Jagoi Babang also did not reach the national benchmarks. Furthermore, family planning service coverage at Puskesmas Jagoi Babang did not meet the established target, and the family planning data at Puskesmas Ledo was incomplete.
Conclusion: The performance of MHSS in the Bengkayang District requires improvement. Additional efforts should encourage community engagement and partnerships to guarantee that trained health workers assist with all birth deliveries in health service facilities. The Puskesmas should also revise its recording and reporting processes related to family planning service indicators
The Relationship of Breastfeeding Self Efficacy with the Success of Exclusive Breastfeeding in Babies Aged 6 – 12 Months
No full textBackground: The coverage of exclusive breastfeeding in Indonesia, including in Jambi Province, is still below the national target. In 2022, exclusive breastfeeding coverage in Jambi Province only reached 27.14%, a sharp decrease from 64.67% in the previous year. One of the psychological factors that affect the success of exclusive breastfeeding is the mother's self-efficacy in breastfeeding.
Objective: To determine the relationship between the self-efficacy of breastfeeding and the success of exclusive breastfeeding in mothers with babies aged 6–12 months.
Methods: This study is a descriptive analytical study with a cross-sectional approach. Data collection was carried out in March 2024 at PMB Azimah and PMB Zulfiatun Rangkuti, Jambi City, with a sample of 45 postpartum mothers selected through a total sampling technique. Data were collected using the Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale–Short Form (BSES-SF) questionnaire and the exclusive breastfeeding questionnaire, then analyzed using the chi-square test with a significance level of α = 0.05.
Results: As many as 57.78% of mothers managed to provide exclusive breastfeeding. There was a significant relationship between the self-efficacy of breastfeeding and the success of exclusive breastfeeding (p = 0.004).
Conclusion: The higher the mother's confidence in breastfeeding, the greater the chance of success in exclusive breastfeeding. Continuous interventions to improve maternal self-efficacy need to be carried out by health workers to support the success of exclusive breastfeeding programs
The Effect of Cinnamon Bark Extract (Cinnamomum burmanii) on Catalase Activity Levels in Hyperglycemic Rats
No full textBackground: Hyperglycemic is a condition characterized by elevated blood glucose levels, with serum blood glucose levels exceeding 126 mg/dL. Hyperglycemia can induce oxidative stress. Oxidative stress occurs due to an increase in free radicals or a decrease in antioxidant defense activity. Cinnamon bark can enhance antioxidant levels and decrease indicators of oxidative stress. This study examines the impact of cinnamon bark extract on catalase activity levels in hyperglycemic rats.
Method: This study used an experimental design with a post-test-only group design. The rats were divided into 5 groups, namely the negative control group (K-), the positive control group (K+), treatment group 1 (dose 100 mg/kgBW), treatment group 2 (dose 200 mg/kgBW) and treatment group 3 (dose 300 mg/kgBW) with 6 rats each. The normality test was carried out using the Shapiro-Wilk test followed by One Way ANOVA.
Result: The administration of cinnamon bark extract has been shown to increase catalase activity levels. The most significant increase was observed in dose group 1, with an average of 5.62 Units/mg, which is higher than the control group + (K+), at 3.88 Units/mg.
Conclusion: Administration of bark extract has been shown to increase catalase activity in hyperglycemic Rats
Developing and Validating Assessment Instruments for Community-Based Interprofessional Education
No full textBackground: Interprofessional Education (IPE) prepares health professional students to collaborate effectively and improve patient and community outcomes. Community-based IPE emphasizes authentic learning, cultural sensitivity, and social accountability. This study aimed to develop and validate assessment instruments for evaluating community-based IPE aligned with the Interprofessional Education Collaborative (IPEC) core competencies.
Methods : A mixed-methods design was implemented in two stages: instruments development and content validation. Guided by the four IPEC domains, values/ethics, roles and responsibilities, interprofessional communication, and teamwork, three instruments were developed: facilitator assessment, family/community assessment, and peer assessment. Ten experts from medicine, nursing, pharmacy, psychology, and public health evaluated item relevance using a four-point Likert scale. Content validity was analyse using the item-level (I-CVI) and scale-level (S-CVI/Ave) indices.
Results: All three instruments demonstrated excellent content validity (I-CVI = 1.00; S-CVI/Ave = 1.00), indicating high expert agreement on relevance and clarity. The multi-source assessment model allows comprehensive evaluation of IPE performance. Facilitator assessments maintain educational standards, family assessments provide patient-centred perspectives, and peer assessments foster reflection, accountability, and teamwork.
Conclusion: The validated instruments offer a reliable and context-sensitive framework for assessing IPE competencies in community-based learning. Incorporating multi-source perspectives enhances authenticity and educational alignment, supporting the development of collaborative, ethical, and community-responsive health professionals
Secondhand Smoke, PEFR, And Pregnancy In The Second And Third Trimesters
No full textIntroduction: Pregnant women exposed to Secondhand Smoke (SHS) face a high risk of impaired lung function, which is naturally reduced by advancing pregnancy. This study analyzed the effect of SHS exposure on Peak Expiratory Flow Rate (PEFR) and its relationship with gestational age and key physiological parameters.
Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 50 non-smoking pregnant women (Trimester II and III) exposed to SHS in Jambi City. PEFR was measured using a Peak Flow Meter. Statistical analysis used Pearson correlation and Chi-square tests (p<0.05).
Results: All respondents (100%) showed significantly lower actual PEFR than predicted values, confirming a universal decline in lung function. A significant association was found between gestational age and PEFR (p<0.05), with the third trimester group having the most pronounced decrease (<320 L/minute). PEFR was not significantly correlated with blood glucose (r=0.089), hemoglobin (r=0.125), or SpO2 (r=0.153).
Conclusion: Decreased PEFR in pregnant women exposed to SHS is primarily linked to mechanical limitations from late gestational age, not metabolic or oxygen-carrying disturbances. Prevention of SHS exposure is crucial for maternal respiratory health
Identifying Missed Care in Pediatric Nursing: A Literature Review
No full textBackground: Missed nursing care, which refers to necessary patient care that is omitted or delayed, is a significant concern in pediatric nursing. This literature review aimed to describe missed nursing care in pediatrics, identify the most commonly missed nursing care categories, and summarize the underlying reasons.
Method: A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, and Scopus databases without time limits. Quantitative studies reporting on missed nursing care categories, reasons, and associated factors in pediatric settings, published in English with full text available, were included. Seven articles were selected for analysis.
Result: The results showed that missed nursing care was influenced by workload, work environment, and staffing levels. Higher patient-to-nurse ratios significantly increased the incidence of missed care. Better work environments correlated with fewer missed nursing activities, but frequent interruptions and unexpected patient volume surges remained major issues. Frequently missed activities included oral care, routine bathing, and adherence to infection protocols. Nurse characteristics such as age, education level, and working hours also impacted missed care and job satisfaction. Addressing missed nursing care requires strategic staffing, improved work environments, targeted interventions, and ongoing education to enhance care quality.
Conclusion: This review highlights the complexity of missed nursing care and its dependence on various factors, including workload, work environment, and nurse characteristics. Developing and validating pediatric-specific assessment tools and studying factors such as workload, staff training, and work environment are crucial for addressing missed nursing care in this setting