International Journal on Advanced Science, Engineering and Information Technology
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Using the MLR and Neuro-Fuzzy Methods to Forecast Air Pollution Datasets
Get PDFThe forecasting of time series data is essential by following statistical and intelligent techniques. Particular matter (PM10) is a time series dataset used to scale the air pollution as a dependent variable while there are many types of pollutants used as independent variables. MLR model has been used as a traditional linear approach to forecasting PM10 data. Combining NF as a nonlinear intelligent method with MLR in a hybrid MLR-NF method has been proposed for improving PM10 forecasts and handling the nonlinearity of datasets. The forecasting results reflected that the hybrid method outperformed the traditional method. Although a multiple linear regression (MLR) model has been used for air quality forecasting depending on several meteorological variables in many recent studies, the MLR model is unable to identify the nonlinear pattern of these types of data. Malaysian datasets of PM10 and several climate pollutants will be studied in this paper. The objective of this study is to forecast PM10 and obtain the best results and minimum forecasting error. In this paper, the dependent variable will be forecasted by using traditional and intelligent methods. MLR has been used as a traditional method to forecast PM10. Neuro-fuzzy (NF) in the adapted copy, which calls the adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) is combined with MLR and used as an intelligent method to forecast PM10. The results reflect that MLR-NF outperformed MLR for forecasting PM10 data. In conclusion, MLR-NF can be used to forecast PM10 for more accurate results compared to traditional methods
The Construction of Computer-based Application of Working Memory Test for Early Age Children in Indonesia
Get PDFWorking memory (WM), a central component of executive function (EF) which facilitates the capability to store and modulate information, develops rapidly during early childhood, and has proven to contribute to children's academic achievement. WM generally has two types of measures, each of which mainly involves the WM's verbal and visuospatial aspect. However, research on the standardized and developed assessment of WM aspects for early age children in Indonesia remains inadequate, especially embedded with information technology. This study aimed to develop a WM measurement tool using a computer-based application test to support the integration between the computer-based and behavioral measurements of WM aspects in early age children. Construct validity of the WM computerized test was determined by comparing the conventional and computerized EF tests on 36 children (15 boys and 21 girls) age 48-72 months old. Two computerized WM tasks that specified WM's verbal aspect, namely the Backward Animal Task and Shining Star respectively, were administered individually to each child by a trained tester. The Spearman correlation analysis resulted in Shining Star as the most suitable computer-based WM task for early age children. Both conventional and computer-based measures of the visuospatial aspect of WM had similar task mechanisms and rules. They equivalently required visual and kinesthetic modalities, which emphasized the common nonverbal aspects of WM. This result provides an initiative for the evidence-based development of the computer-based WM test in Indonesia for early age children, which is critically important to help individuals with psychological and behavioral problems during Covid-19
Using the Generalized Partial Linear Regression Model to Determine Climatic Factor Effect on Dust Storms in Baghdad Governorate
Get PDFThe phenomenon of dust that occurs in Iraq is one of the phenomena that cannot be completely controlled or partially processed in a short time. It also works to know how some climatic factors such as the average wind speed, relative humidity, atmospheric pressure above sea level, and the maximum temperature which represent explanatory (independent) variables , respectively. The effects on the number of occurrences of dust storms represent the adopted variable (Y) in Baghdad Governorate for the period from 2008 to mid-2013. The researchers used the Generalized Partial Linear Regression Model (GPLRM) consist of fourteen models, after determining the best link function for each model. Then we compared these models to determine the best model that represents this data with the best representation using the Akaike information criterion (AIC), the Schwartz information criterion (BIC), and the determination Coefficient criterion . We also used the program (i- xplore) in the calculation, and we have concluded that the best model is the model in which the variable  relative humidity and  the maximum temperature in the parametric part, i.e., linear and stable. On the other hand, the variable  average wind speed and the variable  atmospheric pressure above sea level are non-parametric and their behavior is non-linear and unstable. The researchers consider that Baghdad Governorate suffers from this negative phenomenon as well as in general in Iraq. Besides, the effect of the variable  relative humidity is a decreasingly negative effect, while the effect of the variable  maximum temperature, it is an increasingly positive effect
Oxygen Uptake Rate and Carbon dioxide Evolution Rate on the Fermentation Process of Cocoa Beans (Theobroma Cacao L.)
Get PDFFermentation is one of the most critical stages in the postharvest handling process of cocoa beans. Temperature changes during the fermentation process characterize the success of the cocoa bean fermentation process. In general, aeration conditions during the fermentation process effects changes in fermentation air temperature. This study aims to determine cumulative oxygen uptake and cumulative carbon dioxide evolution during cocoa bean fermentation. Fermenter equipped with a controlled system of air temperatures and aeration rates was used to determine changes in oxygen uptake rate and carbon dioxide evolution rate during the fermentation process. The variables observed were including: length of pod storage time before fermentation (Xâ‚; days), aeration rate (Xâ‚‚; l.min-1), and fermenter temperature (X₃; ℃). Response surface methodology was used to determine the relationship between cumulative oxygen uptake as well as cumulative carbon dioxide evolution and the observed variables (Xâ‚, Xâ‚‚, X₃) The results shows that cumulative oxygen uptake and cumulative carbon dioxide evolution obtained in various treatments during the fermentation process are consecutive: 6.66-34.29 g Oâ‚‚ kgvs-¹ and 12.15-50.97 g COâ‚‚ kgvs-¹. Based on the variance analysis of response surface methodology, R² value of the cumulative oxygen uptake is about 88.1%, while R² value of the cumulative carbon dioxide evolution value is about 87.3 %. The highest amount of oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production was obtained at Xâ‚ = 5 days, Xâ‚‚ = 0.25- 0.4 l.min-1, and X₃ ≤ 50℃
Land Flooding Effect Before and After Planting on Rice Yield in the System of Rice Intensification
Get PDFRice is the primary carbohydrate source for half world population, particularly for Asian people, and rice demand also increases for non-Asian people. Rice provides the bulk daily calories for humans and animals. One of the problems in SRI method is weed. Many efforts to control weed in the SRI method and one of the way island flooding before planting. The objective of the research was to study the land flooding effect before planting in controlling weed to yield components of several rice varieties. The research was conducted in farmer land of Kuranji and Laboratory of Weed Science, Department of Crop Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Andalas University, Padang, West Sumatera, Indonesia from June to September 2019. A randomized block design was used in the experiment. 5 rice varieties (Batang Piaman, Panca Redek, PB 42, Batang Pasaman, and Saganggam Panuah) were used as treatments. The treatments were replied three times. Generally, the result showed that land flooding before planting affected the yield component of rice. For the length of the panicle, Panca Redek and Saganggam Panuah were the best variety (30.18 cm and 20.91 cm, respectively). For the weight of 1000 grains, Batang Piaman was the best variety (35.67%), and Batang Piaman was also the best variety for the weight of dry grain (28.33). For production per hectare, Batang Pasaman, Batang Piaman, and Saganggam Panuah were the best variety (5.04 ton, 4.92 to and 3.88 tons respectively)
The Role of Trust to Enhance the Recommendation System Based on Social Network
Get PDFRecommendation systems or recommender system (RSs) is one of the hottest topics nowadays, which is widely utilized to predict an item to the end-user based on his/her preferences primary. Recommendation systems applied in many areas mainly in commercial applications. This work aims to collect evidence of utilizing social network information between users to enhance the quality of traditional recommendation system. It provides an overview of traditional and modern approaches used by RSs such as collaborative filter (CF) approach, content-based (CB) approach, and hybrid filter approach. CF is one of the most famous traditional approaches in RSs, which is facing many limitations due to the lack of information available during a performance such as Cold start, Sparsity and Shilling attack. Additionally, this content focused on the role of incorporating a trust relationship from the social network to enhance the weaknesses of CF and achieve better quality in the recommendation process. Trust-aware Recommendation Systems (TaRSs) is a modern approach proposed to overcome the limitations of CF recommendation system in a social network. The trust relationship between users can boost and enhance CF limitations. Many researchers are focusing on trust in the recommendation system but fewer works are highlighting the role of trust in the recommendation system. In the end, limitations, and open issues of the current picture of the recommendation system come across.Â
Is Technical Competency Necessary for Client Project Manager? An Empirical Study of Commitment-making Officers (PPK) in Indonesian Public Construction
Get PDFPublic construction in Indonesia still suffering failure in the last few decades. Evidence shows that one of the source factors to public construction failures was a lack of technical-area understanding in Commitment-Making Officers (Pejabat Pembuat Komitmen, PPK). Moreover, since PPK has various academic disciplines, evidence shows that many PPK from local government agencies are reluctant to be assigned as a PPK because they are concerned about their lack of understanding of basic construction knowledge and its consequences. This paper aims to identify the importance level of PPK's technical competency in managing public construction projects. In this study, self-administered questionnaires were distributed to PPK from East Java, Southeast Sulawesi, and Gorontalo provinces, and interviews were conducted to confirm the results. The findings show that having technical competency is necessary for PPK regardless of their academic disciplines. However, they do not need to understand every single detail of the construction project, but they are expected to understand a big picture of construction methods that enable them to act as a knowledgeable contributor in the construction delivery. This study contributes to the existing knowledge of project manager competency by providing insight into project manager from the client-side in the public construction projects
Experimental Studies of Wind Flow Inside a Street Canyon Between High-Rise Buildings with Angle of Attack Modifications
Get PDFFailures of smaller structures located in between high-rise buildings due to wind have been observed. Further research on urban wind is needed o prevent further incidents. This research aims to investigate the wind flow in a street canyon of a cluster of 4 simplified symmetrical high-rise buildings with the angle of attack of 0o, 30o, and 45o. The study uses Particle Image Velocimeter (PIV) and Low Speed Wind Tunnel for the experiment. The results show that the flow at all angles can be defined as interaction flow, identified by two corner streams at the front passage entrance corner that interacts and merge into a single wide passage jet. The angle of attack changes the pattern of the flow in the cross-area. Before entering the passage, wind-blocking reduces the wind speed up to 40%. After entering the front building passage, its amplification rises to 6.9% above its original value at the angle of 0°, at the angle 30°, and 45° after entering it did not increase to its original value; the highest amplification rate occurred at 0o. At the angle of 30° and 45°, an extremely low wind speed region occurs in the cross area, which did not happen at 0°. It can be concluded that more complex patterns of building clusters lead to more vortex and turbulence in the cross area, which leads to decreasing speed. A “clashing point†from two flows (left and right passage) in its cross-section also leads to a higher turbulence rate in the cross area
Seed Coating Formulations for Improving Rhizobia Survival, Growth, and Grain Yield of Common Bean
Get PDFCoating legume seeds with Rhizobia have met a little success because of the difficulty in supporting bacterial survival on the seed coating agent. Accordingly, these studies aimed (i) to determine the best seed coating formulations to maintain the survival of Rhizobium phaseoli population on the surface of coated bean seed over a storage period of 0, 24, and 48 hours at 400C for laboratory trial, and (ii) to evaluate the best formulations for common bean growth and yield for field trial. Twelve seed coating formulations (SCFs) were used to coat garden bean seeds for the two studies. The results showed that four SCFs were the best for R. phaseoli survival throughout the storage period. They contained combinations of gum arabic and peat moss (100%), gum arabic and peat moss+biochar (25%:75%), carboxymethyl cellulose and peat moss (100%), and carboxymethyl cellulose and peat moss+biochar (25%:75%). These four Rhizobia seed-coating formulations also promoted the best common bean growth and yield based on nodule number, plant dry weight, and grain yield indicators. Overall, these studies suggest that the four SCFs promoted the highest increase in nodulation, plant biomass production, and grain yield due to their ability to maintain the highest survival of R. phaseoli population on the surface of coated bean seed
Real-Time Vibration Control of Rotor-Bearing System Based on Artificial Neural Networks and Active Support Stiffness
Get PDFA real-time dynamic response of the rotor-bearing system is controlled through an active support stiffness designed and constructed for this purpose. It consists mainly of a variable, flexible beam length. A stepper motor with a screw is implemented to manipulate the beam length to the required optimum position. Hence, it works as active spring stiffness, which minimizes the vibration response for the system. Stiff support is fixed at a specified position on the beam, and it is provided with a small ball bearing at the point of contact with the rotor at the other end. An artificial neural network has been used to control the dynamic system response. Response simulation with real-time LabVIEW is conducted to play a role as an interface to deal with the required sensors' records and the rotation of the stepper motor. The results show that the controlled system is efficient in obtaining the optimum support stiffness for different rotational speeds of the driven motor, which gives, in turn, the optimum system dynamic response