International Journal on Advanced Science, Engineering and Information Technology
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Stability of Amylase Crude Powder from Aspergillus awamori KT-11 at Different Storage Temperatures
Get PDFAmylase is one kind of biotechnology product that has been used in many sector industries. Production of amylase powder from Aspergillus awamori KT-11 has been optimized successfully in the previous study. However, the stability of its activity, which is crucial in industrial application, has not yet been well studied. This study aimed to investigate the stability of amylase crude powder activity from A. awamori KT-11 at different storage temperatures. Amylase crude powder was stored at 4oC and 25oC. For the stability test, the crude powder with optimum storage temperature was diluted with phosphate buffer pH 4.8 and stored at 4oC, 25oC, and -20oC. The results showed that the activity of amylase crude powder was stable at 25 oC after nine months of storage with total activity of 2807 U/mL. On the other hand, the amylase extract liquid enzyme shows better activity when stored at 4 oC (with total activity 1000 U/mL after four-week storage time) than stored at temperatures 25oC or -20 oC. The findings also showed that crude amylase liquid extracts are not stored in a negative temperature environment. This is beneficial to enterprises because it lowers the cost of obtaining negative temperatures and saves energy
Tsunami Potential Prediction using Seismic Features and Artificial Neural Network for Tsunami Early Warning System
Get PDFTsunamis are categorized as geophysical disasters because tectonic earthquakes triggered most of their occurrences. The high number of deaths due to tsunami catastrophe has made many countries develop a tsunami early warning system (TEWS), especially countries prone to tectonic earthquakes. One of the crucial subsystems in a TEWS is the tsunami potential prediction subsystem. To provide an early warning of tsunami, the prediction must be carried out based on early observation of the seismic event before the tsunami. In this short time of computation, the calculation of seismic parameters can only produce some roughly estimated features. Hence, a proper inference method that can decide accurate predictions upon the features is urgently needed for the TEWS. Some existing TEWSs are using rule-based inference to decide the prediction and often overestimate the prediction of tsunami potential. This study tries to develop a tsunami-potential prediction system using the machine learning approach as its inference method. Seismic features extracted from P-wave seismic signals are used as input data for learning and classification using a backpropagation artificial neural network (ANN). The accuracy result is then validated by K-fold cross-validation. Our simulation results show that the utilization of backpropagation ANN has given better accuracy in tsunami prediction compared to one of the existing TEWS that does not use machine learning for its prediction. At least for some seismic events that occurred during 2010-2017, the proposed system results in fewer overestimated predictions than the existing TEWS referred
Mapping Study on Traceability Between BPMN Models and Source Code
Get PDFConsidering the importance of traceability in software development and the fact that new development approaches have emerged in order to adapt to the dynamic and innovative market environment, we identified the need to examine traceability in business process-driven software development. Specifically, we are interested in traceability when using the BPMN language for modelling the business processes, which are then executed by integrating different software artifacts deployed from a source code.
The purpose of this research is to review traceability from BPMN models to source code literature to describe the progress of this area, by identifying four research questions regarding approaches, technologies, techniques, traced artifacts, and tools. Through a systematic mapping study, 286 primary studies were obtained in the search stage. After two screenings and applying inclusion/exclusion criteria, we obtained 24 relevant papers. Strictly within the framework of these works, we answered our four research questions: we found MDE as the main approach, SOA as the main technology, graphs use as an emerging technique for managing versioning and change impact analysis, and extension of existing tools for providing traceability management. As for traced artifacts, variety is commonplace, therefore, we consider it prudent to classify traced artifacts as high-level, low-level, and BPMN-level models. Additionally, by classifying the papers with the SwEBoK, we found that issues, such as cost estimation and traceability in testing, are topics with little research and almost no development
The Potential of Agricultural Land Drought Using Normalized Difference Drought Index in Ciampel Subdistrict Karawang Regency
Get PDFKarawang Regency, known as the National Rice Reserve, is experiencing drought on farmland. The Regional Disaster Management Agency (BPBD) of Karawang Regency noted that drought in 14 villages spread across three sub-districts in Karawang Regency has developed in 2019, such as Ciampel sub-district. Rice production decreased in 2015-2019 by 19 percent. The purpose of this study is to analyze the drought area of agricultural land using the Normalized Difference Drought Index (NDDI) and analyze the relationship between agricultural land drought and rainfall in Ciampel Sub-District, Karawang Regency in 2015 and 2019. The study used Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS in August-September 2015 and 2019. Agricultural land drought using the NDDI method is the ratio between the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and the Normalized Difference Wetness Index (NDWI). The results showed a map of the distribution of agricultural land drought in Ciampel Sub-district, Karawang Regency during 2015 and 2019 with three classes of agricultural land drought (dry, rather dry, normal). The total area of agricultural drought in August 2015 was 11,166 hectares and as of September 2019 was 3,119 hectares. While as of September 2015, it was 3,086 hectares, and in 2019 was 3,158 hectares. The drought that hit Ciampel Sub-District in September 2019 hit almost all areas and dry areas in the middle eastern part of the Ciampel Sub-District. The drought, which is included in the classification of dry that hit irrigated rice field, was 20.19 %. Meanwhile, the rainfed rice field was 32.79%, and in dryland was 24.83%
Stock Performance and Fishers’ Perception of Grouper and Snapper Fisheries in the Saleh Bay, Indonesia
Get PDFThe legal basis of managing grouper and snapper fisheries in Saleh Bay is the Governor Regulation of West Nusa Tenggara No. 32 of 2018. This study aims to assess stock performance and understand fishers' perception of the regulation. In this study, we used length-based assessment, perception analysis, and Rapid Appraisal for Fisheries technique. The overall results showed that the implementation of the governor fisheries management regulation was still not optimal, although the potential spawning ratio (SPR) of most fish stocks has higher than the threshold, being over 20% (SPR limit reference point), except Epinephelus coioides. However, fishers had diverse perceptions of the governor regulations and had not fully complied with the most important ones. These included the minimum size of catch and the allowed type of fishing gear. Therefore, we identify four management strategies to improve a more sustainable fisheries management are: an intensive program to increase public awareness about sustainable fisheries needs to be conducted, the policy to limit the legal size must be enforced and should be adopted as provincial regulation in the future, the surveillance capability and law enforcement of destructive fishing practices (bombs and potassium) should be strengthened, stakeholder participation should be engaged, and social institutions of the fishing community should be empowered by co-management. This study also highlights the urgency of establishing a combination of market-based management (e.g., seafood certification) and a closed fishing season in spawning aggregation areas to complement existing fishery management
Comparative Analysis of the Motion and Kinematics of the Knee Joint Using Simulation Techniques
Get PDFThe World Health Organization reports 30 million people worldwide who need prosthetics and orthotics. Reports by the Consejo Nacional para la Igualdad de Discapacidades de Ecuador (CONADIS) also inform that there are 221,913 people with disabilities. This high demand has been difficult to satisfy, mainly due to the high cost of these devices. Local availability is often limited to a short/small set of size and weight configurations, forcing the patient to settle for a non-optimal option. This paper analyses the kinematics of the knee joint, based on both human gait patterns according to standard ISO 14243-1:2009, ASTM F3141:2017, and experimental results computed by our research group, which has been obtained via 3D videogrammetry techniques integrated with two force platforms. The kinematics obtained from OSSUR2000 and Streifeneder 3A20 knee joint mechanisms have been compared. For this study, SolidWorks motion kinematics and motion simulation have been used with 3D scanning technology to obtain the geometry of these mechanisms. Once analyzed and compared, a knee joint mechanism's basic design presents the flexibility to adapt to different configurations as its main feature. Finite element analysis (FEA) is important to determine the safety factor before testing it on patients. The boundary conditions are considered the parameters of the target population. According to each case, the design is considered a more adjusted safety factor and then the manufacturing step
Performance of Resilient Modulus (SMix) and Dynamic Modulus ((|E*|) on Asphalt Concrete – Wearing Course (AC-WC) Using Pen 60/70 Asphalt and Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene (SBS) Polymer
Get PDFPremature damage to pavements in Indonesia before its service life ends is partly due to climate variations and traffic loads. This study's main objective is to compare Dynamic Modulus (| E*|) and the Resilient Modulus of the Pen 60/70 AC-WC mixture using the SBS polymer modified asphalt. The performance from Marshall test shows that the highest Marshall Stability value (1007 kg) for AC-WC, and the Marshall immersion test gives the highest value of 98.13% for the same AC-WC mixture with 3% SBS. At low temperature (4°C), AC-WC with 0% SBS mixture has the highest Dynamic Modulus value (1792.7 MPa). While at high temperature (45°C), AC-WC with 3%, SBS has the highest Dynamic Modulus value (61.8 MPa). The test results show that the SBS modified asphalt mixture gives better performance at high temperatures. Overall, the AC-WC with 3% SBS mixture is better than the other mixtures. Thus, the use of SBS polymer asphalt can be a solution to improve the performance of the mixture. The dynamic modulus with AMPT test and Witczak equation showed a high correlation (0.9844). Additionally, the correlation for resilient and dynamic modulus also has higher correlation with R2 = 0.9818
Discovering the Factor of the Bird’s Nest Stadium as the Icon of Beijing City
Get PDFThe expression of architectural forms is currently very diverse because technological advances influence it in materials and structures; this is understandable because public buildings are competing to attract the attention of visitors. The architectural work can also produce new structural works, which are expected to become a work of art that matches the spirit of the age at that time. The role of structural systems in the expression of architectural forms can produce phenomenal works of art so that the appearance of this building makes the icon for a city or even a country. This research methodology uses qualitative analysis by examining architectural theory and structure as a basis for consideration to become an icon of the city of Beijing. The conclusion in this study is establishing a harmonious relationship between architecture and building structures to produce a work of art. Thus, making the Bird’s Nest stadium as an icon of the city of Beijing by paying attention to local cultural values that have become an icon of the city of Beijing, sustainable buildings, metaphor concepts, and biomimicry. The findings of this study are that the Bird’s Nest stadium building is a hollow steel structure with high-tech steel, which synergizes with the expression of architectural forms, not making the symbol of the city of Beijing even making the icon of the country of China
The Impacts of Transportation System towards the Military Logistics Support in Sabah
Get PDFMilitary logistics are ranked among the critical components contributing to the military operation's success. The efficiency of military logistics support relies on its rapid response when a favorable choice of route and a high-performance vehicle is utilized. This study was conducted in Sabah to explore the logistics support’s effectiveness, with the military establishment scattered around Sabah while the central depot is remotely located from Kota Kinabalu to support the logistics required for the whole military. Further, a qualitative inquiry methodology was utilized in exploring the nature of issues. The interview protocol was prepared as a guideline. This study used purposeful snowball sampling and resulted in 17 key informants, comprised of military transport drivers and officers. A semi-structured interview was conducted with these key informants. This study found that the main challenges were the military troop transporting logistics on mountainous and poor road conditions. Moreover, the vehicle used to transport logistics is old, aging, and inefficient to perform logistics support. Hence, it is imperative was found that the transportation system consisting of Drivers, Roads, and Vehicles has a direct impact on inefficient military logistics support. In light of these challenges, a framework of transportation system impacts on military logistics in Sabah was developed. This study contributes to gaining more insight into the transportation system's influence on Sabah's military logistics efficiency. Finally, this paper offers a solution that is the right time to replace the military vehicles since most of the vehicles were already beyond their economic life
Teaching Viscosity to Students with Special Needs in Vocational High Schools from Daily Products: From Literature Review on Concept, Misconception, to Teaching and Learning Process
Get PDFStudents with special needs are students who have barriers in their developmental and academic aspects. They need a learning media that meets their needs. This study aimed to demonstrate the strategies in teaching using the experimental demonstration to students with special needs and to identify misconceptions during the teaching and learning process. To support our teaching strategies, an experimental demonstration (recorded by video as the learning media) was used. This study used an experimental method (single subject research) with A-B (Pre-test and Post-test) research design for students with special needs (i.e., intellectual disabilities and hearing impairment), and the results of teaching students with special needs were compared to that of teaching general vocational high school students. The experimental activity was done to get the viscosity level of eight substances (i.e., syrup, cooking oil, hand soap, liquid detergent, floor cleaner liquid, condensed milk, and mineral water). Condensed milk has the highest viscosity, and mineral water is the lowest. The result of this study showed that a combination of experimental demonstration and video is effective for improving the understanding of students with special needs, confirmed by the increasing pre and post-test results and supported by interviews. In addition, the identification data of the misconception test showed a decrease in misconceptions after carrying out the learning process using video. The use of interesting media with simple explanations made it easier for students with special needs to understand the material being taught