Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy)
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Isolasi dan Pengklonan Fragmen cDNA Gen Penyandi H+-ATPase Membran Plasma dari Melastoma malabathricum L.
Get PDFMelastoma malabathricum L. grows well in acid soil with high level of soluble aluminum. One of the important proteins in the detoxifying acid and aluminum stress is a plasma membrane H+ -ATPase protein encoded by PMA gene. The objective of this research was to isolate and clone the cDNA fragment of MmPMA encoding plasma membrane H+ -ATPase from M. malabathricum L. By reverse transcription, total cDNA had been synthesized from the total RNA as template. The fragment of MmPMA cDNA had been successfully isolated by PCR by using total cDNA as template and PMA primer designed from conserved region for corresponding gene. This fragment had been successfully inserted into pGEM-T Easy and the recombinant plasmid was successfully introduced into E. coli DH5". Nucleotide sequence analysis showed that the length of MmPMA fragment is 806 bp encoding 268 amino acids. Local alignment analysis based on nucleotide of mRNA showed that MmPMA fragment was 81% identical to part of PMA of Sesbania rostrata, Juglans regia, and Prunus persica. Based on deduced amino acid sequence, MmPMA was 94% identical to part of PMA of Juglans regia; 93% to PMA of S. rostrata, and Arabidopsis thaliana. MmPMA fragment has phosphorylation intermediate domain (DKTGT) and ATP binding domain (KGAP, DPPR, MITGD, and GDGVN). Keywords: isolation, Melastoma malabathricum L., MmPMA fragment, sequencin
Tanggap Fisiologi Akar Sorgum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) terhadap Cekaman Aluminium dan Defi siensi Fosfor di dalam Rhizotron
Get PDF<!-- /* Font Definitions */ @font-face {font-family:Calibri; panose-1:2 15 5 2 2 2 4 3 2 4; mso-font-charset:0; mso-generic-font-family:swiss; mso-font-pitch:variable; mso-font-signature:-1610611985 1073750139 0 0 159 0;} /* Style Definitions */ p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal {mso-style-parent:""; margin-top:0cm; margin-right:0cm; margin-bottom:10.0pt; margin-left:0cm; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:IN; mso-no-proof:yes;} @page Section1 {size:612.0pt 792.0pt; margin:72.0pt 90.0pt 72.0pt 90.0pt; mso-header-margin:36.0pt; mso-footer-margin:36.0pt; mso-paper-source:0;} div.Section1 {page:Section1;} --> A study on physiological mechanism of sorghum to aluminum (Al) toxicity and phosphorous (P) defi ciencies was conducted using several sorghum genotypes in rhizotron. The study was conducted in the greenhouse of the University Farm, Bogor Agricultural University from August to October 2009. The experiment was carried out as a Factorial experiment in a Completely Randomized Design with three replications. The fi rst factor was sorghum genotypes consisted of Numbu (tolerant) and B-75 (sensitive), and the second factor was combination of lime and phosphorous fertilization consisted of: no lime-no P (R1), no lime-low P (R2), no lime-suffi cient P (R3), lime-no P (R4), lime-low P (R5) and lime-suffi cient P (R6). The results showed that all variables were signifi cantly affected by the interaction of media and genotype, except for length of shoot and total P uptake. Under low P and Al toxicity, sorghum variety Numbu showed a higher nutrient effi ciency than B-75 with ability of forming greater dry mass. The sensitive genotypes showed a higher nutrient uptake but a lower P nutrient use efficiency under Al toxicity and P defi ciency. Total P uptake and P nutrient use effi ciency were highly correlated with root growth and dry material accumulation. Keywords: sorghum, Al toxicity, P defi ciencies, P nutrient use effi ciency, P uptak
Pendugaan Parameter Genetik dan Seleksi Galur Mutan Sorgum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) di Tanah Masam (Estimation of Genetic Parameters and Selection of Sorghum Mutant Lines under Acid Soil Stress Conditions)
Get PDF Sorghum is one of high value commodities for food and energy security due to its wide adaptation. The objectives of this research were to study some genetic parameters of sorghum agronomic traits grown under acid soil conditions and to select aluminum-tolerant sorghum mutant lines. The selection was conducted in an augmented design with 61 lines at the field research station of B2TP-BPPT Lampung. Genetic materials used were mutant lines developed throught gamma irradiation. The results showed that there was significant differences among the mutant lines for some agronomic characters observed. The heritability estimates for agronomic characters were classified as intermediate to high. Selection based on seed weight and biomass production resulted three best sorghum mutan lines i.e ZH30-29-07, ZH30-30-07, and ZH30-35-07. These lines showed the best yield and biomass production under acid soil condition. Key words: sorghum, acid soil, heritability, selectio
Pengaruh L-Sistein terhadap Efisiensi Transformasi Genetik Jagung (Zea mays) Menggunakan Agrobacterium
Get PDFAn efficient procedure of genetic transformation ultimately can accelerate the process of cultivar development of maize. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of L-cysteine added to co-cultivation medium on the efficiency of Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of two genotypes of maize. Explants of immature embryos were isolated from immature ears genotypes Hi-II and Tom Thumb harvested 11-13 days after pollination. Then explants were inoculated with Agrobacterium strain C58C1 carrying pPTN345 vector and cultured in co-cultivation medium for 2 days then on delay medium for 14 days, on selection medium for 4 x 14 days, on regeneration medium, and finally on germination medium. Co-cultivation media contained either 0 or 100 mg/L L-cysteine. Based on assay at 2 days after inoculation,the transient expression of GUS at scutelar side of explants co-cultivated on medium containing 100 mg/L cysteine was higher than that of the control (0 mg/L cysteine). Transient expression of GUS on the explants of Tom Thumb was higher than that of Hi-II. However, transgenic plants in this study were only produced from Hi-II explants co-cultivated in a medium amended with 100 mg/L L-cysteine. No transgenic plants was produced from explants of Tom Thumb due to low efficiency of induction of embriogenic calli. The efficiency of transformation using explants of Hi-II cocultivated in a medium amended with 100 mg/L L-cysteine was 4 independent transformants or transgenic plants out of 70 explants inoculated or 5.7%. Key words: Agrobacterium tumefaciens, corn, L-cysteine, Hi-II, Tom Thum
Peningkatan Toleransi Kedelai Sindoro terhadap Kekeringan Melalui Seleksi In Vitro
Get PDFIn vitro selection of embryogenic cell mass is one alternative to improve drought tolerance in plants. Embryogenic cell callus of soybean were radiated by Gamma ray (400 rad) to produce mutation. The radiated cell were tested with PEG (0, 10, 20 and 30 %) for drought stress tolerance. After selection, cells which tolerant to PEG were regenerated to produce somatic embryo structure, somatic seed and plantlet. Acclimatization was done in a greenhouse and analysis of proline was done at generation 1 (G1). The purpose of the experiment was to get soybean somatic seed which tolerant to drought stress. Results of experiment showed that 39.7 % embriogenic callus were produced. The higher the concentration of PEG, the higher the death of cell/callus. The rate of producing somatic embryo structure was 4.9 at 0 % PEG; 2.85 at 10 % PEG; 1.6 at 20% PEG and 0.6 at 30% PEG. Number of somatic seed which developed in regeneration medium (S11) were 79 from 0% PEG; 35 from 10% PEG; 29 from 20% PEG, and 15 from 30% PEG. Somatic seed produced 15 planlets from PEG 0%; 6 planlets from PEG10%; 4 planlets from PEG 20%. Based of proline content, all of G1 somaclones were more tolerant than the mother plant. Key words : Soybean, in vitro selection, PEG, regeneration, acclimatization and dry land.
Pemberian Mulsa Terhadap Tujuh Varietas Kacang Hijau dan Keharaan Tanah di Lahan Lebak Tengahan
Get PDFThe objectives of this research were to obtain several mungbean varieties which suitable under fresh water swamp land conditions and to study the effect of mulch application on mungbean and soil nutrient in fresh water swamp land area. The research was conducted on water swamp land of Tawar village, Hulu Sungai Selatan in dry season of 2004. The results showed that the yield and the yield components of mungbean were not affected by mulch application. On the other hand, there were yield differences among mungbean varieties. Mulch application significantly decreased soil-pH, soil organic-C, total-P, available-P and K uptake but increased soil total-N and P uptake. Key words : Mulch, mungbean, swamp lan
Pengaruh Cara Tanam dan Penggunaan Varietas terhadap Produktivitas Wijen (Sesamum indicum L.)
Get PDFThe important strategy to increase the productivity of sesame is intensification program. One of the possible technique was the planting method and varieties. This research aimed at determining the correct planting method and varieties to reach high sesame production. This study used the factorial randomized block design with three replications. The first factor was the planting method which consisted of three levels, i.e.; Broadcast, Broadcast in wide furrow, and dibbed planting. The second factor consisted of nine varieties, namely, one superior variety Sbr1 and eight local varietes i.e Magetan, Madiun, Ponorogo, Ngawi, Nganjuk, Kediri, Bojonegoro, and Blora. The result showed that the combination of dibbed planting with Blora and Madiun resulted the highest yield (1.11 ton/ha), but it was not significantly different with the combination of dibbed planting with superior variety Sbr 1. Ponorogo has the highest oil content and the weight of 1000 seeds. There were positive correlations between oil content and the weight of 1000 seeds (0.77), between harvesting age and the weight of 1000 seeds (0.66) and between oil content and the harvesting age (0.61). Key words : Planting method, local variety, sesame, Sesamum indicum L
Pengaruh Cekaman Kekeringan dan Umur Panen Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Kandungan Xanthorrhizol Temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza roxb.)
Get PDFThe research was conducted from November 2005 until May 2006 to determine growth and production of the Curcuma xanthorrhiza based on agronomical, physiological variables, and bioactive (xanthorrhizol) content. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design with two factors and three replications. The first factor consisted of 4 level of drought stress i.e: 100% field capacity (FC) (as control), 50% FC started at 2 weeks before harvesting (wbh), 50% FC started at 4 wbh, and 50% FC started at 6 wbh. The second factor comprised of 2 harvest times i.e. 5 months and 7 months. The result showed that drought stress decreased plant growth and productivity, but increased accumulation of proline. The harvesting time significantly increased the agronomic character, but did not significantly increase proline content. The older samples contained more xanthorrhizol than the younger samples. Key words: Curcuma xanthorrhiza, drought stress, harvesting time, plant growth, xanthorrhizol
Pengaruh Volume dan Jenis Media Tanam pada Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Selada (Lactuca sativa) dalam Teknologi Hidroponik Sistem Terapung
Get PDFThe objective of this study was to find out the effect of volume and source of growth media and lettuce growth and yield in Deep Pool Growing System (DPGS). The study was conducted from September to December 2003 at Deep Pool Growing System facility, Danasworo Hydro - Garden Ciapus, Bogor. The Study was arranged in randomized completely block design with two factors. First factor was volume of growth media ( 20 cm³ and 110 cm³). The second factor was source of growth media (synthetic foam, cocodust, rice-husk + OSF and rice-husk + cocodust). Medium volume of 20 cm³ with rockwool was used as a check. Nutrient compotion of the solution was as follows (ppm): Ca 117, Mg 24, K 210, NH4 25, NO3 233, SO4 113, and PO4 60, Fe 2.14, B 1.2, Zn 0.26, Cu 0.048, Mn 0.18, and Mo 0.046. Medium volume of 20 cm³ with synthetic foam obtained the best yield for all parameters. Therefore, this treatment could replace rockwool as medium for lettuce production in DPGS. Key words : Deep Pool Growing System, hydroponics, growth mediu
Pengaruh Pemupukan Urea dan Nitrogen Slow Release Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Kualitas Rumput Lapangan Golf
Get PDFThe objectives of this study is to investigate the effect of (Urea) and Polymer Coated Urea (Slow Release N - Fertilizer) on the growth and quality of turf Bermuda grass (Cynodon dactylon var. Tifdwarf.) and to find the optimum rate. Treatments are urea and PCU rate at 4.5 g, 9.0g and 13.5 g N/m2/application, respectively. The experiment was arranged in Randomized Block design with 3 replications. Fertilizers were applied 6 times in every 2 locals. The result showed that in the end of the experiment, the higher values of grass height. number of shoots resiliance. Fresh and dry weight were obtained with PCU /3.5 g N/m2/application. The highest dosage of PCU resulted d the highest quality of turf grass. Key words: Urea, Polymer Coated urea, Bermuda gras