Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy)
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PENGARUH PEMBERIAN LUMPUR BUANGAN DARI PENGOLAHAN LIMBAH SINTESIS ANTIBIOTIKA DAN PUPUK KANDANG TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI STEVIA (Stevia rebaudiana BERTONI M.)
No full textThe objective of the research was to investigate the effect of sewage application on growth and production of stevia, a sweetening alternative producing plant, as compared with manure application. Sewage is a by product of antibiotics processing of PT SBFI Sewage and manure application each consisted of 4 level, i.e. 0.0, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 kg per polybag. Sewage application has resulted in significant increase in tree high, leaf number, shoot number and root and shoot dry weight as compared with control. Manure application has resulted in significant increase in growth and production as compared with control. There was no interaction between sewage and manure application on all parameter observe
PENGARUH DOSIS PACLOBUTRAZOL TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN VERTIKAL DAN KEPADATAN PUCUK SERTA PERTUMBUHAN AKAR RUMPUT GOLF BERMUDA Tifdwarf (Cynodon dactylon x C. transvaalensis)
No full textPossibility of growth retardant application on tropical turfgrass to substitute or to reduce mowing intensities, while keeping the root growth, was studied. An experiment to study the effect of six level (0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, and 4.0 kg/ha in 1,000 l solution/ha) of paclobutrazol application on shoot and root growth was set up. The result showed that within 10 - 66 days after application paclobutrazol retarded shoot growth. A tolerable visual damage occurred on turfgrass treated with 0.5 - 1.0 kg paclobutrazol/ha and more severe ones occurred when treated with 2.0 or more kg paclobutrazol. One advantage of paclobutrazol application occurred in this experiment was that the root growth was not affected by this PGR application while the shoot growth was suppressed. Paclobutrazol application changed turfgrass morphology and anatomy. Microscopic observation showed that increment of stem diameter might due to the increment in cell and pith size. Relative size (in diameter) of 10 cells around the pith of 0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0 and 4.0 kg paclobutrazol/ha were 1.0, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, and 1.4 respectively
IDENTIFIKASI GULMA PADA DUA TIPE PERKERASAN TAMAN (KONBLOK DAN GRASBLOK)
No full textWeed constitute one the main problems encountered in urban parks, including those growing on paved park grounds, because in addition to impairing the beauty of the parks they also reduced their function and durability. By weed inventory on park grounds management actions can be planned and conducted Field observation were carried out for two months at the "Monumen Nasional" grounds in Jakarta. Two widely used types of pavement were selected, i.e. conblock and grassblock. The Dominance Value Summed Dominance Ratio were calculated using Tjitro Soedirdjo. Three groups of wide grew in this area, i.e. broad leaves weeds, grasses, and sedges. The species growing on both types of pavement and in both ecological condition are Cyperus rotundus, Eleusine indica, and Euphorbia thymyfolia. Eleven species were identified on shaded and on open conblock respectively. Of these species, nine species grew on both condition, but at varying level of dominance. These are Euphorbia thymifolia, Eleusine indica, Cyperus rotundus, Hedyotis corymbosa, Portulaca oleraceae, Axonopus compressus, Ricahardia brasiliensis, Bacopa procumbens, and Synedrella nodiflora. Eight species were found on shaded grassblock and nine species on open grassblock. Species were found in both condition, i.e. Cyperus rotundus, Eleusine indica, Euphorbia thymyfolia, Chrysopogon aciculatus, and Borreria repens
PENGARUH PACLOBUTRAZOL TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN PEMBUNGAAN JERUK SATSUMA MANDARIN PADA BEBERAPA KONDISI SUHU
Get PDFTwo experiments were conducted at phytotron to investigate the effects of paclobutrazol on vegetative growth and flower bud differentiation of Sat sum a Mandarin (Citrus unshiu Marc.) grown under different temperature conditions. One-year-old Satsuma Mandarin trees budded onto trifoliate orange rootstocks were used in these experiments. The trees were planted in root observation chamber (Experiment I) or Wagner\u27s pot (Experiment II) in late, March of 1988. In experiment I the treatments were temperature (20 & 30oC) and paclobutrazol (treated and not treated). Paclobutrazol was applied 3 times to the soil at the rate of 0.5 gram a.i. per tree per application. The growth of shoots and roots were observed at 5-day intervals. In experiment II the treatments were temperature (15, 20, 25, 30°C and field condition) and paclobutrazol (sprayed to the leaves, drenched to the soil, and none). Paclobutrazol was applied 3 times; foliar application was 1000 ppm and soil application was 0.05 grams a.i. per tree per application. Temperature treatments were done from June to December, 1988. At the end of the treatments, the trees were defoliated and then exposed to 25°C to observe flower bud development. . Paclobutrazol inhibited shoot and root elongation effectively. Paclobutrazol decreased dry weight of the plant top (trunk, stem and leaves), but increased root dry weight. Paclobutrazol also increased the root diameter by increasing the number of-cortex cells, although the cell diameter was not different. Paclobutrazol affected nutrients distribution; it decreased nutrients in the top part of trees, and increased nutrient in the root. Effects of paclobutrazol in flower bud differentiation was not significant
PENGARUH JUMLAH BUKU TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN SETEK CABANG BAMBU BETUNG, ANDONG, TEMEN, AMPEL HIJAU, AMPEL KUNING, ORI, TALI DAN HITAM PADA KULTUR AIR
Get PDFOne and two nodes (if branch cuttings were use as vegetative propagation material in water culture, which is the dipping of all the nodes of branch cuttings in the water. Experiment was carried out on eight bamboo species: Dendrocalamus asper, Gigantochloa pseudoarundinacea, G. atter, Bambusa vulgaris green and yellow, B. bam boos, G. apus and G. atroviolacea, with one and two nodes branch cuttings. Only three species had been propagated successfully by this method, which were green and yellow B. vulgaris and G. apus. No significant growth difference was observed between one and two nodes branch cuttings. Growth percentage of green B. vulgaris on experiment 1, 2 and 3, yellow B. vulgaris and G. apus were 40, 56.25, 55, 30 and 9.38% respectively
Analisis Kedekatan Hubungan antar Genotipe Pepaya Berdasarkan Karakter Morfologi dan Buah
Get PDF<!-- /* Font Definitions */ @font-face {font-family:Calibri; panose-1:2 15 5 2 2 2 4 3 2 4; mso-font-charset:0; mso-generic-font-family:swiss; mso-font-pitch:variable; mso-font-signature:-1610611985 1073750139 0 0 159 0;} /* Style Definitions */ p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal {mso-style-parent:""; margin-top:0cm; margin-right:0cm; margin-bottom:10.0pt; margin-left:0cm; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:IN; mso-no-proof:yes;} @page Section1 {size:612.0pt 792.0pt; margin:72.0pt 90.0pt 72.0pt 90.0pt; mso-header-margin:36.0pt; mso-footer-margin:36.0pt; mso-paper-source:0;} div.Section1 {page:Section1;} --> A study was conducted to determine the variation and relationships among papaya genotypes based on morphological and fruit characteristics in order to produce high quality papaya fruits. Fruit characterization study is very useful for genotype improvement and genotype classifi cation of papaya. In this study the morphological characters of 36 genotypes were analyzed to determine their phenotypic variabilities. The relationships between genotypes based on all of the morphological and fruit characteristics were tested by subjecting the data to multivariate principal component analysis and to cluster analysis. Based on the dendrogram generated from vegetative and generative characters, the 36 genotypes could be grouped into 11 clusters on a threshold of 1.6 and formed 6 clusters on a threshold of 1.8. The dendrogram was able to explain the close relationship between IPB 5 x IPB 1 and IPB 5 x IPB 4, IPB 2 and IPB 7, IPB 1 and IPB 3 genotype. The scattered diagram of generative variable divided the papaya genotypes into three groups based on fruit sizes i.e small group (IPB 1, IPB 3, IPB 4, IPB 3 x IPB 4, IPB 1 x IPB 9), medium group (IPB 5, IPB 7, IPB 8, IPB 9) and big group (IPB 2, IPB 10). The IPB 1, IPB 3 and IPB 4 were different from IPB 2 in fruit shapes, petal length of male fl owers, infl orescence size and fruit length. The hybrid plants obtained from crossings with IPB 10 were different from the other genotypes in the colours of female-, hermaphrodite-, and male fl ower-lobes. Subsequently the scatter diagrams also revealed that several genotypes i.e. IPB 2 x IPB 6, IPB 1 x IPB 5, IPB 1 x IPB 9, IPB 5 x IPB 1 and IPB 5 x IPB 2 had superior characters ideotype similar to IPB 1, IPB 3 and IPB 8 genotypes. Keywords: Carica papaya, hermaphrodite, female, dendrogram, scatter diagram, ideotyp
Regenerasi Embriogenesis Somatik pada Beberapa Klon Kakao Indonesia dari Eksplan Bunga
Get PDF<!-- /* Font Definitions */ @font-face {font-family:Calibri; panose-1:2 15 5 2 2 2 4 3 2 4; mso-font-charset:0; mso-generic-font-family:swiss; mso-font-pitch:variable; mso-font-signature:-1610611985 1073750139 0 0 159 0;} /* Style Definitions */ p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal {mso-style-parent:""; margin-top:0cm; margin-right:0cm; margin-bottom:10.0pt; margin-left:0cm; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:IN; mso-no-proof:yes;} @page Section1 {size:612.0pt 792.0pt; margin:72.0pt 90.0pt 72.0pt 90.0pt; mso-header-margin:36.0pt; mso-footer-margin:36.0pt; mso-paper-source:0;} div.Section1 {page:Section1;} --> This research was aimed to observe the response of different clones and specifi c organs due to the somatic embryogenesis regeneration. It was arranged in factorial randomized completely design with three replication. The fi rst factor was cocoa clones i.e. ICCRI 01, ICCRI 02, ICCRI 03, ICCRI 04, KW 514, RCC72, and Sca 6. The second factor was fl ower parts i.e. petal, staminode and anther. Every explant was regenerated on initiation, induction, multiplication and rooting media. Almost all treatments showed high response of embryogenic calli which range 89.5 to 100% at initial stage, but different results were found at the following process of somatic embryogenesis. The experiment showed that each clones and each different part of fl ower had different response to somatic embryogenesis. The highest response of the explant number resulted from Sca 6 clone, which produce 35.8% embryo with average number of embryo per explant (1.34) followed by RCC 72 (28.4%, averaged 0.7) ICCRI 03 (24.7%, averaged 1.3) ICCRI 04 (18.6%, averaged 0.6). While ICCRI 02 showed the lowest responsive clone. Especially for ICCRI 01, 55.8% explant was rooted and only 1.3% explant producing embryo. The highest response of somatic embryo was resulted form petal. Keywords: somatic embryogenesis, fl ower explant, Coco
Evaluasi Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Padi Gogo Haploid Ganda Toleran Naungan dalam Sistem Tumpang sari
Get PDFThree doubled haploid (DH) upland rice lines obtained from anther culture having good agronomic and shade tolerant traits were planted in an intercropping with maize. Their monoculture systems were also included. Those lines were GI-8, IG-19, and IW-56. Jatiluhur was also treated similar as shade tolerant control cultivar. The experiment was arranged in randomized complete block design with three replications. The treatments consisted of eight intercropping systems, four monoculture systems of rice, and two monoculture systems of maize. The result showed that all of tested DH lines were consistently shade tolerant under intercropping condition. The characteristics was represented by similar growth and grain yield with Jatiluhur under intercroping system. The highest grain yield was 2.49 t/ha resulted by GI-8 and IG-19 lines at the time that Jatiluhur was 2.36 t/ha. The intercropping of DH lines with maize also showed the Land Equivalent Ratio (LER) =1.33-1.58, while Jatiluhur LER = 1.25-1.28, indicating that agronomically they were more advantageous than those in the monoculture system. Key words : Doubled haploid,, intercropping system, shade tolerant line
Adaptasi Tanaman Kedelai Terhadap Intensitas Cahaya Rendah : Karakter Daun untuk Efisiensi Penangkapan Cahaya
Get PDFThis research was conducted to identify some leaf characters related to light capture efficiency. It used split plot design with sub plot nested at the main plot. The main plot was light intensity consisted of two levels: I100 = light intensity 100% and I50 = light intensity 50%, while the sub plot was soybean genotype consisted of G1 = Pangrango, G2 = Ceneng, G3 = Godek, and G4 = Slamet. Leaf characters measured were : leaf total area, specific leaf area, trifoliate leaf area, leaf hairs (trichome) density, leaf thickness, length of palisade, chlorophylls content (chlorophyll a, b, and ratio a/b), and the greenness intensity. The result of research indicated that Ceneng has lower total leaf area, higher specific and trifoliate leaf area, less leaf hair density, thinner leaf, shorter palisade, higher greenness intensity, higher chlorophyll content (a and b), and also lower ratio chlorophyll a/b. Key words: Light capture efficiency, light intensity, tolerant genotype, sensitive genotype, soybea
Production of Soybean Varieties under Saturated Soil Culture on Tidal Swamps
Get PDFSaturated soil culture (SSC) is a cultivation technology that gives continuous irrigation and maintains water depth constantly and makes soil layer in saturated condition. By keeping the water-table constantly, soybean will be avoided from negative effect of inundation on soybean growth because soybean will acclimatize and improve its growth. The objective of the research was to study the response of soybean varieties under saturated soil culture on tidal swamps. The research was conducted at Banyu Urip of Tanjung Lago Sub District, Banyuasin District, South Sumatera Province, Indonesia from April to August 2009. The experiment was arranged in a split plot design with three replications. The main plot was water depth in the furrow consisted of without watering, 10, 20, 30, 40 cm under soil surface (uss). The subplot was soybean variety consisted of Tanggamus, Slamet, Willis, and Anjasmoro. The result showed that the interaction between varieties and water depth significantly affected growth and seed production, except pod numbers/plant. The values of all variables were higher under SSC compared to those cultivated without watering (control), but varieties responded to SSC differently. The highest seed production was obtained from Tanggamus with 40 cm uss, i.e. 4.83 ton/ha but it was not significantly different from those at water depth 20 (4.63 ton/ha) and 30 cm uss (4.71 ton/ha). However, technically and economically, 20 cm uss was the most appropriate water depth for soybean production on tidal swamps. Key words: Glycine max L. (Merr.), water management, water tabl