Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy)
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Penampilan Tebu dari Benih Bagal dan Budchip pada Dua Tata Tanam di Lahan Kering
Get PDFSugarcane and replanting programs require a lot of seed cane and can not be fulfilled from budsetts. To fill up the gap the use of budchip seedlings is suggested. The appropriate planting arrangement for budchip seedling has not been studied thoroughly. The study was conducted at the Asembagus Experimental Station, Situbondo, East Java, from January to December 2014 for the plant cane (PC) and from January to December 2015 for ratoon cane (RC). Research was arranged in a randomized block design with three replications. The treatments consisted of (1) single budsett in single row planting, (2) double budsetts in double rows planting, (3) single budchip in single row planting, (4) single budchip in double rows planting, and (5) double budchips in double rows planting. The results showed the budchip seedling increase productivity 14.46-15.46%, sugar yield 18.17-23.38%, and profit 873% from budsett seedling. Double rows planting with budchip seedling increase productivity 52.11-61.01%, sugar yield 48.51-61.84%, and profit 603% from single row planting. Double rows planting suitable for budchip seedling is single budchip with productivity 52.53-88.30 ton ha-1, sugar yield 3.69-8.17 ton ha-1 and profit IDR 9,123,000 ha-1 per year. Keywords: growth, planting material, productivity, Saccharum officinarum, sugar yiel
Aplikasi Agens Hayati untuk Mengendalikan Hawar Daun Bakteri pada Produksi Benih Padi
Get PDFABSTRACTThis experiment is a further development of several previous studies on the potential of Bacillus subtilis 5/B and Pseudomonas diminuta A6 (rhizobacteria), and Aeromonas sp. F112 (phyllobacteria) as biological agents. Research aimed to evaluate the application of biological agents to promote plant growth and to control bacterial leaf blight (BLB) disease in rice seed production. This research consisted of two experiments, the first was in the nursery while the second was in the field. The first experiment conducted in a completely randomized design with one factor (seed treatments) and three levels, i.e., control (untreated), matriconditioning + streptomycin sulphate 0.2% (BsM), biomatriconditioning + B. subtilis 5/B + P. diminuta A6 (BM). The second experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with one factor (biological agent aplication methods) and nine levels, i.e., control (untreated), matriconditioning + streptomycin sulphate 0.2% (BsM), biomatriconditioning + B. subtilis 5/B + P. diminuta A6 (BM), soaking of seedlings root with B. subtilis 5/B + P. diminuta A6 (RA), foliar spraying with Aeromonas sp. F112 (SD), BM + RA, BM + SD, RA + SD, BM + RA+ SD. The result showed that seed treatments significantly increased field emergence. Eventhough all treatments did not significantly affect plant growth, incidency and severity level of BLB disease, and yield components, biomatriconditioning showed a better improvement in yield components. The seeds produced from plants treated with the biological agents showed significantly higher vigor index than untreated and matriconditioning + streptomycin sulphate 0.2%. Keywords: Aeromonas sp., Bacillus subtilis, biomatriconditioning, seed quality, Pseudomonas diminut
Kesesuaian Galur-Galur Harapan Kedelai untuk Tumpangsari Jagung + Kedelai
Get PDFIntercropping is one way of increasing land productivity. The research was aimed to determine the suitability of soybean promising lines for maize + soybean intercropping based on land productivity assessed by land equivalent ratio (LER). The research was conducted at Kendalpayak Station Research, Malang, in February to May 2016, using factorial randomized block design, repeated three times. The first factor was cropping system (monoculture and intercropping), the second factor was 55 soybean genotypes. Spacing for maize in the intercropping system was 2.2 m x 0.5 m x 0.2 m, and for soybean was 0.35 m x 0.10 m. In monoculture, spacing for maize was 0.75 m x 0.25 m and for soybean was 0.35 m x 0.10 m. The results showed there was five genotypes suitable for intercropping of maize + soybean based LER value, ie G//IT7-3, M0706//MI196-3, M0706//MI197-4, M0706//MI199-1, and M0706//MI199-2, with LER value of more than 1. Intercropping of maize with these soybean lines, gives a higher land productivity than monoculture.Keywords: Glycine max (L.) Merrill genotype, monoculture, land equivalent ratio, Zea may
Perbandingan Arachis pintoi dengan Jenis Tanaman Penutup Tanah Lain sebagai Biomulsa di Pertanaman Kelapa Sawit Belum Menghasilkan
Get PDFCover crops have the same role as biomulches to maintain soil moisture and reduce the evaporation of soil water. The objective of research was to compare Arachis pintoi versus other cover crops as biomulch in immature oil palm plantations. The study was conducted in the Field of Education and Research Palm IPB-Cargill, Jonggol, Bogor starting in December 2014 until May 2015. The experiment was designed according to a randomized block design with four replications. The treatments were cover crop species (biomulch) i.e. no biomulch/natural vegetation, Arachis pintoi Karp. & Greg., Centrosema pubescens Benth., Calopogonium mucunoides L. and Pueraria javanica Benth. Planting materials used were cutings of A. pintoi and seed of C. pubescens, C. mucunoides and P. javanica. The planting material were planted in plots 9 m x 3 m and plot for biomass 1 m x 1 m. The results showed that the A. pintoi was not significantly different from other biomulches for ground covering and capability to hold water. Soil water content in the treatment of A. pintoi biomulch was not different from other biomulch treatments
Kendali Genetik Karakter Morfologi dan Agronomi pada Tiga Populasi Sorgum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench)
Get PDFABSTRACT Sorghum is one of the potential foods with a higher protein content than rice. Sorghum seeds can be milled and cooked as sorghum rice. This study was aimed to obtain information on the inheritance of morphological and agronomic characters from the population derived from crosses of wide genetic background. The study consisted of the formation of F1 population and evaluation of morphological and agronomic characters in the segregated population (F2) of the three selected F1 genotypes. The location of the research was at IPB Experimental Field, Leuwikopo. The performance of the F1 genotypes were between the two parents, except for the yield components of PI-150-20-A x Numbu and PI-150-20-A x Kawali were higher than the parental lines. The performance of the F2 generation population was also between the parental lines, but with a wider distribution. The sorghum seed color is controlled not only by additive and dominant gene action, but also by epistatic gene action. The character of seed weight per panicle is controlled by epistatic gene action. In the F2 population of the crosses of PI-150-20-A x Numbu and PI-150-20-A x Kawali and PI-10-90-A x Numbu, the seed weight character is inherited with moderate heritability value. Based on genes action dan heritability, bulk or single seed descent method are suitable for yield improvement of the populations.Keywords: gene action, heritability, seed color, segregation, sorghu
Penyebab Kehampaan Gabah pada Persilangan Padi antar Subspesies
Get PDFABSTRACTThe objective of the research was to study the factors effecting unfilled grains in intersubspecific hybridization. The research was conducted at Muara, Bogor from April 2005 to February 2006. The materials used in the research were ten F1 hybrid combinations. The evaluation was done by crossing the hybrids to Ciherang and it was resiprocal. A randomized block design with three replications were arranged in greenhouse. The results showed that five cross combinations produced higher unfilled grains and lower pollen fertility due to defective male gamets. The cross combinations that is Akitakomaci/IR64, Akitakomaci/Wayrarem, Akitakomaci/Salumpikit, Akitakomaci/Ketupat, and Akitakomaci/Kewal. Another five cross combinations produced normal pollen fertility but high unfilled grains. The high unfilled grains of four cross combinations was due to defective female gamets. The cross combination that is IR64/Sirendah Pulen, IR64/Lampung Putih, IR64/Lampung Kuning, and IR64/Mesir. The other cross combination was due to defective male and female gamets namely IR64/Brentel. Key words: Unfilled grain, F1 hybrids, male gamets, female gamet
Kandungan Minyak 30 Genotipe Jagung dan Korelasinya terhadap Beberapa Karakter Agronomi
Get PDFIndustrial demand for maize oil has been increasing and therefore corn breeding efforts began to focus on developing improved maize varieties with high oil content. The objectives of this research were to determine oil content of maize genotypes and its relationship with several agronomic traits. The oil content of maize genotypes ranged from 3.77 to 5.46%. Based on the correlation analysis, oil content correlated significantly with plant height, ear height, embryo weight, kernel weight, endosperm weight, and embryo and endosperm area ratio. In addition, oil content of maize genotypes could be estimated by a regression model involving embryo and endosperm area ratio, endosperm weight, ear height, cob lenght, number of kernel rows, number of kernel per row, cob diameter, and husk coverage (R2 = 79.66%; P = 0.0001). The oil-correlated traits and regression model obtained can be considered for facilitating selection for high oil maize genotypes. In addition, the results indicate that high oil maize can be bred and selected without affecting yield.Keywords: high oil maize, simultaneous selection, stepwise regressio
Mekanisme Fisiologi Toleransi Cekaman Aluminium Spesies Legum Penutup Tanah terhadap Metabolisme Nitrat (NO3 - ), Amonium (NH4 + ), dan Nitrit (N02 - )
Get PDFThe experiment was aimed to investigate the Al-tolerant mechanisms physiology of legume cover crops species related to metabolism NO3 - , NH4 + , and N02 - . The results revealed that an addition of Al had less effect on Al-tolerant species compared to Al-sensitive in term of reduction in NO3 - , NH4 + and N02 - uptake. The reduction in Nitrit of the Al-tolerant species under Al treatment was less than in Al-sensitive species. The results suggested that in tolerant legume cover crops species, the higher level of Al tolerance seems to have emanated from efficient NO3 - metabolism and the higher N02 - to NH4 +
Pertumbuhan dan Kandungan Minyak Atsiri Tanaman Selasih (Ocimum basilicum L.) pada Naungan dan Dosis Pupuk Fosfat yang Berbeda
Get PDFBasil (Ocimum basilicum L.) is a plant that has great potency to be developed. Almost all parts of the plant can be utilized. This study aimed to determine the effect of shade and phosphate fertilizer on growth and essential oil content in basil. This research was conducted at the experimental field of Agrotechnology Departement, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Trunojoyo Madura, during January-April 2015. The research was arranged in a split plot design with 3 replications. Main plot was shading i.e., without shading and 25% shading. The subplots were phosphate fertilizer rate, i.e., 0, 1.5, 3.0, and 4.5 g SP36 per plant that was planted in polybags. The results showed that plants treated with 25% of shading and applied with phosphate 3 g per plant had the highest total dry weight, production of essential oil and eugenol. Shading of 25% give the best results on plant height, leaf area and total fresh weight of the plant. Application of phosphate fertilizer 3 g per plant give the highest content of chlorophyll (chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll), while the highest essential oil and eugenol content of leaves is obtained from application of phosphate fertilizer 3 and 4.5 g per plant. Shading and phosphate fertilizer application did not affect leaf number