Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy)
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Growth and Yield of Six Soybean Genotypes on Short-term Flooding Condition in the Type-B Overflow Tidal Swamps
Get PDFA study to explore the agronomic response of some soybean genotypes to temporary flooding in the type-B overflow tidal swamp and to obtain the adaptive genotype to the environment was arranged in a split-plot design at coordinates 2°64’46.77” S and 104°75’27.75” E with an altitude of 3.5 m above sea level. The main plot was subject to short-term flooding with a variety of cultivation technologies consisting of saturated soil culture (SSC) for one month without flooding, SSC for one month with flooding, SSC during plant growth without flooding, SSC during plant growth with flooding and non-SSC/dry cultivation. The subplot was soybean genotype consisting of 6 genotypes: Tanggamus, Karasumame (Naihou), M652, Anjasmoro, M100-47-52-13, and Tachinagaha. The result showed that impaired soybean growth at the beginning of the growth stage caused pressure on the later growth stage and decreased soybean yield. Short-term flooding reduced the soybean yield. The non-tropical genotypes of Karasumamae (Naihou), M652 and Tachinagaha produced the lowest yield of seeds; 20% lower than the tropical genotypes of Anjasmoro, M100-47-52-13 and Tanggamus with SSC during plant growth without flooding treatment. The Karasumame (Naihou) genotype produced the highest seed yield of the three non-tropical genotypes. Anjasmoro and M100-47-52-13 produced the highest seed yield at temporary flooding
Aplikasi Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria dalam Meningkatkan Produktivitas Bawang Merah di Lahan Pasir Pantai
Get PDFThe use of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) is one of the most effective techniques to improve fertility of sandy coastal lands. The purpose of this research was to obtain the most effective isolate of PGPR for the growth of three shallot cultivars in the sandy coastal land. The research was conducted in August-November 2015 at Samas sandy coastal land, Bantul. The two-factor treatments were assigned in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The first factor was shallot cultivars, consisted of Crok, Tiron, and Tuk-tuk, while the second factor was the PGPR suspension, i.e. control (without PGPR), PGPR BP25.2 isolate (Bacillus methylotrophicus), BP25.6 isolate (Bacillus amyloliquofaciens), BP25.7 isolate (Bacillus subtilis), BrSM 4 isolate (Burkholderia cepacia), and BrSG 5 isolate (Burkholderia seminalis). The results showed that all PGPR isolates tested had the ability to produce IAA, with the highest amount of IAA concentration produced by BrSG 5 isolate (Burkholderia seminalis) combined with the three cultivars (22.46 mg kg-1, 28.61 mg kg-1, 41.41 mg kg-1). BP25.2 isolate (Bacillus methylotrophicus) effectively induced N (0.05%), whereas BP25.7 isolate (Bacillus subtilis) effectively induced P (0.22 ppm).Keywords: Bacillus, bacteria, marginal lan
Perbandingan Arachis pintoi dengan Tanaman Kacang-kacangan Penutup Tanah Lain dalam Menekan Laju Erosi pada Lahan Kelapa Sawit Berbukit
Get PDFLand preparation of oil palm plantation in hilly areas is vulnerable to environmental degradation. Legume cover crops can be used in vegetation system for soil conservation to control erotion. Arachis pintoi is a legume potential for cover crop. The objective of the research was to study the role of A. pintoi in suppressing soil erosion rate in oil palm land with the topography of hilly land. The research was conducted on the land of Bukit Kemuning farmer group, Mersam, Batanghari, Jambi with an average slope of 22.8% from September 2017 to March 2018. The experimental design used was a single-factor randomized complete block design with five treatments and four replications. The treatment consisted of natural vegetation, Arachis pintoi, Centrosema pubescens, Pueraria javanica and Calopogonium mucunoides. The results showed that the rate of increased leaf number of A. pintoi was 13.6 pieces per week and could cover the ground surface 100% at 20 weeks after planting (WAP). The dry weight of A. pintoi biomass was 496.08 g m-2 at 20 WAP. A. pintoi suppressed soil erosion by 80.45% as compared to natural vegetation treatment. However, it was not significantly different on suppression rates to other biomulch treatments.Keywords: biomass, Calopogonium mucunoides, Centrosema pubescens, land cover crop, Pueraria javanic
Keragaman Genetik 19 Genotipe Cabai Rawit Merah (Capsicum frutescens) serta Ketahanannya terhadap Kutu Daun (Aphis gossypii)
Get PDFThe information on birds eye chili (Capsicum frutescens L.) resistance to melon aphids (Aphis gossypii) is rarely reported. Objectives of this research were to evaluate genetic variability of 19 genotypes bird chili and identify the potential genotypes resistant to A. gossypii. This research consisted of two experiments. The first experiment was conducted in April-December 2015 at Leuwikopo Experimental Field, Faculty of Agriculture IPB. Genetic materials used were 19 genotypes of bird chili from Plant Breeding Laboratory IPB which were planted from seedling stage until harvesting stage. The second experiment was conducted in May 2017-May 2018 at Faculty of Agriculture, IPB Darmaga Campus. Material used were 19 genotypes of bird chili at seedling stage, and melon aphids which were collected from Leuwikopo Experimental Field IPB. Melon aphid infestation method used no-choice test. The results showed the genetic variability of bird chili had more than 0.30 coefficient of dissimilarity. Genetic variability for canopy width, anther length, fruit weight, and fruit length were classified to broad, but total fruit weight per plant was classified to narrow. There were six genotypes clasified resistant to melon aphid, i.e., C332, C343, C333, C334, C290, C346. The potential genotypes for breeding program of bird chili resistant to melon aphid were C343 and C334.Keywords: Aphis gossypii, Capsicum frutescens, cluster, resistant variet
Ketahanan Beberapa Genotipe Jagung Hibrida Umur Genjah terhadap Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky
Get PDFSitophilus zeamais is a major pest of cereal products in the storage that can reduce the quality and quantity of the grain. The use of resistant variety is an efficient method to control S. zeamais. This research aimed to evaluate the resistance of 8 early maturing hybrid maize genotypes to S. zeamais. The research was arranged in a single factor completely randomized design with 3 replications, involving 8 genotypes and 4 check varieties. Samples of 25 g seeds were stored in the container covered by gauze, then infested with same-aged 5 males and 5 females of S. zeamais and maintened to 105 days. Observed variables were the number of F1 progenies of S. zeamays, susceptibility index, seed damage, and weight loss. Based on the results, 3 early maturing hybrid maize genotypes (CH-19, CH-18 and CH-20) exhibited high resistance to the S. zeamais as indicated by their susceptibility index, number of progenies, percentage of seed damage, and weight loss. These genotypes had susceptibility index of 1.23-1.80 with low percentage of seed damage of 2.07-4.55%. Correlation tests showed that the susceptibility index of maize seeds had positive correlation with number of progenies and seed damage.Keywords: seed, stored pest, susceptibility inde
Respon Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Padi (Oryza sativa L.) terhadap Cekaman Suhu Tinggi
Get PDFGlobal climate change will imply to increase in atmospheric temperature, which can affect the sensitive stadia and decrease rice yield. The objective of this research was to study the growth and production of rice varieties under hightemperature stress. This research was conducted using a split-plot design under partitioned polyethylene house in order to create temperature differences among main-plots. The partitioned treatment successfully increased by 1.7 °C of average temperature with a maximum temperature of 35.0 °C (T1) and 37.6 °C (T2). Rice varieties, namely IR64, Ciherang, IPB-3S, Way Apo Buru, Jatiluhur, Menthik Wangi and Silugonggo were randomized as sub-plot. The results showed that increasing temperature had no significant effect on plant height, tiller number, SPAD-value, leaf area index, and crop growth rate, but significantly decreased 1,000 grains weight by 4.57% and harvest index by 20%. The interaction between temperature and varieties significantly affected a percentage of a productive tiller and partially filled spikelets. Ciherang variety produced the lowest percentage of productive tillers on T2 by 57.6%. Way Apo Buru variety produced the lowest percentage of partially filled spikelets on T2 by 3.01%
Pemberian Rizobakteri dan Coumarin pada Pertumbuhan dan Pembentukan Umbi Tanaman Kentang (Solanum tuberosum L)
Get PDFIncreasing the productivity of potato crops will require the availability of tubers that are of high quality and resistantto disease. Giving isolates rhizobacteria and coumarin is expected to increase the growth and formation of potato tubers.The purpose of this study was to obtain the best types of rhizobacteria and coumarin concentrations in increasing theproductivity of potato plants. The research was conducted in the experimental garden of the Center for Technology Transferand Agricultural Zone Development of Andalas University, Alahan Panjang, Solok Regency, West Sumatra, from October2016 to January 2017. The study used a 2-factor complete randomized design with three replications. The first factor wasrhizobacterial isolates, namely without bacteria, BT.4.1 isolates, BT.4.2 isolates, BT.4.3 isolates. The second factor was theconcentration of coumarin growth inhibitors, namely 0, 50, 100, and 150 mg L-1. The parameters observed were morphologicalcharacterization rhizobacteria, leaf area, relative growth rate, growth rate potato tubers at 1-month-old, fresh weight oftubers aged 100 days after planting, tuber classes, namely: large, medium and small. Observation data were analyzed bythe F test, followed by the HSD test at 5% level. The results showed that BT4.1 and BT.4.2 rhizobacteria with coumarin 100mg L-1 and 150 mg L-1 increased the growth of potato plants, while the results of potato plants were more affected by theapplication of BT.4.1 and BT rhizobacteria
