Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy)
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Perbandingan Efektifitas Mikroorganisme Lokal Nanas dan Batang Pisang terhadap Pertumbuhan Tanaman Jagung Manis di Wamena
Get PDFJenis sumber hara selain bersumber dari pupuk yang telah dikenal secara umum, juga dapat bersumber dari pemanfaatan mikroorganisme lokal yang dibuat dari limbah buah, nanas, sayur ataupun batang pisang. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbandingan efektivitas penggunaan MOL nanas dan batang pisang pada budidaya jagung manis di Wamena. Penelitian terdiri dari dua percobaan yang dilakukan terpisah yaitu aplikasi MOL nanas dan aplikasi MOL batang pisang. Masing-masing percobaan menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari 5 taraf konsentrasi MOL, yaitu kontrol (tanpa MOL), konsentrasi 100 mL L-1, 150 mL L-1, 200 mL L-1 dan 250 mL L-1. Masing-masing perlakuan terdiri dari tiga ulangan sehingga setiap percobaan terdiri atas 15 satuan percobaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan efektivitas penggunaan MOL batang pisang dibandingkan MOL nanas, yang ditunjukkan pada tinggi tanaman, berat kering akar, luas daun dan laju pertumbuhan nisbi serta bobot segar tongkol jagung manis tanpa kelobot pengamatan 8 MST.
Kata kunci: hara tanaman, limbah, produktivitas tanaman, pupuk organik
Types of nutrient sources other than from fertilizers that are known in general can also be sourced from the use of local microorganisms made from fruit, pineapple, vegetable or banana pseudo stem waste. The study aimed to compare the effectiveness of local microorganisms from pineapple and banana waste on sweet corn cultivation. The study consisted of two separate experiments, namely application of local microorganism pineapple and application of banana waste local microorganism. Each experiment used a completely randomized design consisting of 5 levels of local microorganism concentration, namely control (without local microorganism), concentration of 100 mL L-1, 150 mL L-1, 200 mL L-1 and 250 mL L-1. Each treatment consisted of three replications, so that each experiment consisted of 15 experimental units. The results showed the effectiveness of local microorganism from banana waste is better compared to local microorganism from pineapple as indicated by the of plant height, root dry weight, leaf area, relative growth of plant and corn ear without husk at 8 WAP.
Keywords: organic fertilizer, plant nutrients, plant productivity, waste
 
Keragaan dan Keragaman Genetik Genotipe-genotipe F2:3 Gandum (Triticum aestivum L.) di Dataran Tinggi Indonesia
Get PDFUpaya untuk menghasilkan varietas gandum tropika dengan potensi hasil baik dan adaptif di agroekosistem Indonesia terus dilakukan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah memperoleh informasi tentang keragaan dan mengukur nilai parameter genetik genotipe F2:3 gandum, Materi genetik yang digunakan adalah galur-galur segregan transgresif putatif generasi F2:3 hasil seleksi pada generasi F2 dari famili G1/Se, G2/Se, G3/Se, dan Ja/Se. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Juni hingga November 2018 di Kebun Percobaan Balai Penelitian Tanaman Hias, Cipanas, Jawa Barat (1,100 m dpl). Penelitian disusun dalam rancangan kelompok lengkap teracak dengan perbesaran. Lima varietas tetua digunakan sebagai pembanding. Pengamatan dilakukan pada karakter agronomi dan komponen hasil. Keempat famili F2:3 gandum menunjukkan keragaan yang melebihi tetua terbaiknya pada karakter panjang malai, jumlah biji per tanaman, dan jumlah anakan produktif. Nilai duga heritabilitas arti luas dan nilai koefisien keragaman genetik yang tinggi terdapat pada karakter jumlah anakan produktif, jumlah biji malai utama, bobot biji malai utama, bobot 100 butir, jumlah biji per tanaman dan bobot biji per tanaman. Hasil verifikasi menunjukkan tidak terdapat galur-galur yang terkonfirmasi sebagai segregan transgresif. Seleksi berdasarkan karakter bobot biji per tanaman menghasilkan 30 galur F2:3 dari empat famili dengan diferensial seleksi mencapai 59%.
Kata kunci: diferensial seleksi, galur-galur F2:3, segregan transgresifEfforts to produce tropical wheat varieties having good yield potential and adaptive to Indonesia agroecosystem are continuously being carried out. The purpose of this study was to obtain information about the performance and estimate the value of genetic parameters of wheat genotypes in F2:3, as well as to verify the putative of transgressive segregants of wheat in F2:3 generation in high elevation. The genetic materials used were the selected F2:3 wheat lines as putative transgressive segregants of segregated lines selected in the F2 generation from four families of G1/Se, G2/Se, G3/Se, and Ja/Se. This study was conducted from June to November 2018 at Ornamental Plant Research Center, Cipanas, Jawa Barat (1,100 asl). The research was arranged in an augmented randomized complete block design. Five parental varieties were used as checks. Observations were made on agronomic characters and yield components. The four families of F2:3 showed performances exceeding their best parents on the characters of ear per spike length, number of seed per plant, and number of productive tillers. High values of broad-sense heritability and genotypic coefficient of variation were found in the characters of the number of productive tillers, number of seeds per main ear, the weight of seeds per main ear, the weight of 100 seeds, number of seeds per plant and seed weight per plant. The verification results showed that there were no confirmed lines as transgressive segregants. Selection based on the character of seed weight per plant produced 30 F2:3 lines from four populations with a selection differential of 59%.
Keywords: selection differential, F2:3 lines, transgressive segregant
Preferensi Tanaman Buah untuk Penghijauan Kota Berdasarkan Persepsi Publik: Studi Kasus di Kota Tangerang
Get PDFPenghijauan kota menggunakan tanaman multipurpose merupakan trend global untuk meningkatkan ketahanan pangan, disamping tetap mempertahankan fungsi penghijauan. Untuk itu, persepsi dan preferensi masyarakat menjadi sangat penting. Namun keterlibatan masyarakat dalam menentukan tanaman penghijauan di perkotaan masih jarang diteliti di Indonesia. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui persepsi dan preferensi masyarakat pada tanaman buah sebagai penghijauan kota, dan mengetahui alasan yang mendasari persepsi dan preferensi masyarakat. Penelitian dilakukan di Kecamatan Tangerang dan Batuceper, Kota Tangerang. Data dikumpulkan melalui survey dan wawancara dengan 50 responden pada September 2020 sampai Mei 2021. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 92% responden setuju penghijauan kota menggunakan tanaman buah. Selain diambil buahnya, tanaman diharapkan memiliki fungsi ekologis, perlindungan pengguna jalan dari kecelakaan lalu lintas, dan keindahan. Responden merekomendasikan 48 jenis tanaman buah, dan jenis yang diminati lebih dari 50% responden adalah mangga (Mangifera indica), jambu biji (Psidium guajava), jeruk manis (Citrus sinensis), rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum), dan belimbing (Averrhoa carambola).
Kata kunci: ketahanan pangan, kota cerdas, pinggir jalan, taman kota, tanaman multigunaUrban greenery using multipurpose plants is a new trend in smart cities in order to improve food security while maintaining greenery functions. For this reason, the selection of plants that are of interest to the community is very important. However, community involvement in determining plants is still rarely studied in Indonesia. This study aimed to study community perceptions and preferences on fruit trees species as city greenery, and to determine its key factors of community perceptions and preferences. The research was conducted in Tangerang and Batuceper subdistrict, Tangerang City. Data were collected through surveys, and interviews with 50 respondents from September 2020 to May 2021. The results showed that 92% of respondents agreed to the green city using fruit trees. In addition to taking the fruit, the tree was able to serve as an ecological function, pedestrians protection from traffic accidents, and as ornamentals. Five out of the 48 recommended fruit species were recommended by more than 50% of respondents, i.e., mango (Mangifera indica), guava (Psidium guajava), orange (Citrus sinensis), rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum), and star fruit (Averrhoa carambola).
Keywords: city greenery, food security, multipurpose tree species, roadside, smart cit
Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Bawang Putih pada Berbagai Penambahan Lama Penyinaran Lampu LED Putih
Get PDFLampu LED dapat digunakan untuk menambah lama penyinaran pada tanaman bawang putih yang memerlukan panjang hari lebih dari 12 jam karena dapat membantu proses fotosintesis sebagai pengganti cahaya matahari. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh penambahan lama penyinaran menggunakan lampu LED putih 100 watt dengan nilai intensitas 9685±385 lux terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman bawang putih. Percobaan dilakukan pada bulan Mei sampai September 2021 di kebun percobaan Balitsa Lembang, Jawa Barat. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah petak jalur dua faktor. Faktor pertama adalah penambahan lama penyinaran, yaitu 3 jam, 5 jam, 7 jam, dan kontrol. Faktor kedua adalah varietas bawang putih, yaitu Lumbu Hijau dan Tawangmangu Baru. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penambahan lama penyinaran selama 5 jam pada varietas Tawangmangu Baru mampu meningkatkan tinggi tanaman, bobot tajuk tanaman dan lebar siung. Penambahan lama penyinaran selama 3, 5, dan 7 jam tidak berpengaruh nyata pada tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, diameter batang, SPAD index, luas daun, luas daun spesifik, biomassa tanaman, bobot umbi, diameter umbi dan ukuran siung bawang putih varietas Lumbu Hijau.
Kata kunci: fotoperiode, lampu LED, panjang hari, varietasLED lights can be used to increase the length of garlic plants that require a day length of more than 12 hours because it can help the photosynthesis process as a substitute for sunlight. This study aimed to determine the effect of increasing the length of illumination using white LED lights 100-watt with an intensity of 9685±385 lux on the growth and yield of garlic. The experiment was carried out from May to September 2021 in Balitsa Lembang, West Java. The experimental design was a split block design. The first factor is the addition of illumination length, namely 3 hours, 5 hours, 7 hours, and control. The second factor was variety, namely Lumbu Hijau and Tawangmangu Baru. The results showed that the addition of 5 hours of illumination to the Tawangmangu Baru was able to increase plant height, plant crown weight, and clove width. The addition of 3, 5, and 7 hours of illumination had no significant effect on plant height, the number of leaves, stem diameter, SPAD index, leaf area, specific leaf area, biomass, tuber weight, tuber diameter, and clove size of Lumbu Hijau.
Keywords: day length, LED light, photoperiod, variet
Rice Varieties Cropping Patterns for High Yield and Optimal Cropping Index in Tidal Swamp
Get PDFOptimalisasi penggunaan lahan rawa pasang surut untuk meningkatkan produktivitas dan hasil padi dapat dilakukan dengan peningkatan indeks pertanaman (IP). Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mendapatkan informasi peluang peningkatan indeks pertanaman melalui penggunaan varietas unggul baru padi. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada Januari-Desember 2019 di Desa Sukaraja, Kabupaten Banyuasin, Sumatera Selatan dengan menguji tiga kombinasi pola tanam yang diulang empat kali. Perlakuan pola tanam yaitu: P1: Regas (musim tanam /MT 1)-Regas (MT 2); P2: Inpara 2 (MT 1)-Inpara 2 (MT 2); P3: Inpara 2 (MT 1)-Inpari 19 (MT 2)-Inpari 19 (MT 3). Regas adalah varietas lokal yang umum ditanam petani, Inpara 2 adalah varietas unggul baru (VUB) adaptif lahan rawa, dan Inpari 19 adalah VUB berumur genjah. Budidaya yang diterapkan yaitu Rawa Pasang Surut Intensif, Super, dan Aktual (RAISA). Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap karakter pertumbuhan dan hasil, serta perbandingan hasil antar pola tanam. Pola tanam padi-padi dengan VUB adaptif rawa (Inpara 2) merupakan pola tanam dengan hasil tertinggi sebesar 11.35 ton ha-1 GKG atau 34.6% lebih tinggi dibanding padi lokal. Indeks pertanaman di lahan rawa pasang surut berpeluang ditingkatkan menjadi tiga kali tanam pada kondisi curah hujan tahunan tinggi dengan didukung pendekatan varietas hasil tinggi dan umur pendek.
Kata kunci: budidaya lahan rawa, optimalisasi lahan, padi rawa, pola tanam, RAISAOptimizing tidal swamp land to increase rice productivity and yields could be carried out by increasing the cropping index (IP). This research was conducted to obtain information on the opportunity to increase the cropping index through the use of improved varieties. The study was conducted in January-December 2019 in Sukaraja Village, Banyuasin Regency, South Sumatera by testing three cropping patterns with four replications. The cropping pattern treatments were: P1: Regas (planting season/PS 1)-Regas (PS 2); P2: Inpara 2 (PS 1)-Inpara 2 (PS 2); P3: Inpara 2 (PS 1)-Inpari 19 (PS 2)-Inpari 19 (PS 3). Regas is a commonly planted variety, Inpara 2 is an improved variety, and Inpari 19 is an early maturing variety. The cultivation was using an Intensive, Super, and Actual Tidal Swamp (RAISA). The observation was conducted on growth, yield, and yield comparison between cropping patterns. The combination of rice-rice cropping pattern with Inpara 2 was the highest yield was 11.35 ton ha-1 GKG or 34.6% higher than Regas. The cropping index in tidal swamp land is potential to be increased to three in high annual rainfall conditions and supported by high-yielding and early maturing rice varieties.Keywords: cropping pattern, land optimization, RAISA, swamp cultivation, swampy ric
Growth and Yield of Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) First Ratoon on Residual of Filter Cake and Residual of Inorganic Fertilizer
Get PDFIntensifikasi tebu keprasan lahan kering merupakan salah satu cara dalam rangka meningkatkan produksi gula nasional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari respon pertumbuhan dan hasil dua varietas tebu terhadap residual kompos blotong dan pupuk anorganik pada budidaya tebu lahan kering. Penelitian dilakukan bulan Agustus 2019 sampai dengan Juli 2020 pada tebu keprasan pertama di lahan percobaan PT Kebun Tebu Mas, Lamongan, Jawa Timur dengan rancangan split split plot. Perlakuan terdiri atas tiga faktor yaitu varietas (PS 881 dan PS 862) sebagai petak utama, residual kompos blotong (taraf 0, 5, dan 10 ton ha-1) sebagai anak petak, dan residual pupuk anorganik (25%, 50%, 75%, dan 100% dosis rekomendasi sebesar 600 kg ha‑1 ZA dan 400 kg ha‑1 NPK 15-15-15) sebagai anak-anak petak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pertumbuhan varietas PS 862 lebih tinggi daripada PS 881 pada keragaan tinggi tanaman, panjang ruas, diameter, panjang batang, dan jumlah batang. Residual kompos blotong memiliki pengaruh nyata lebih baik pada taraf 10 ton ha-1 pada panjang ruas. Residual pupuk anorganik taraf 75% menyebabkan respon yang nyata lebih baik pada peubah jumlah daun, jumlah tunas, jumlah batang dan diameter. Varietas PS 862 dengan 5 ton ha-1 residual kompos blotong menghasilkan bobot batang terbaik sebesar 0.48 kg m-1. Varietas PS 881 memiliki nilai optimum sebesar 71.19% residual pupuk anorganik untuk mencapai hasil tebu sebesar 60.31 ton ha-1.
Kata kunci: gula, intensifikasi, lahan kering, PS 862, PS 881Intensification of upland sugarcane is one way to increase national sugar production. This research aimed to study the responses of growth and yield of two sugarcane varieties to residual filter cake and inorganic fertilizers in upland sugarcane. The research was conducted from August 2019 to July 2020 in the experimental field of PT Kebun Tebu Mas, Lamongan on the first ratoon cane with a split-split plot design. The treatment consisted of three factors, variety (PS 881 and PS 862 as main plots), residual filter cake (0, 5, and 10 tons ha-1) as subplots, and inorganic fertilizer residues (25, 50, 75, and 100% recommended doses about 600 kgs ha‑1 ZA and 400 kgs ha‑1 NPK 15-15-15) as sub-sub plots. The results showed that the growth and yield of PS 862 were better than PS 881 in the performance of plant height, internode length, diameter, stem length, and stem number. The residue of blotong compost had significantly better effect at the level of 10 tons ha-1 on internode length. Residual inorganic fertilizer level of 75% resulted higher leaf number, shoot number, stem number, and stem diameter. The PS 862 with 5 tons ha-1 residual blotong compost produced the highest stem weight of 0.48 kg m-1. PS 881 variety has an optimum value of 71.19% residual inorganic fertilizer to achieve a sugarcane yield of 60.31 tons ha-1.
Keywords: intensification, PS 881, PS 862, sugar, uplan
Memperbaiki Serapan Hara dengan Aplikasi Bahan Organik untuk Meningkatkan Resistensi Tanaman Cabai terhadap Virulensi Kutukebul
Get PDFKeseimbangan hara memegang peran dalam mekanisme fisiologis. Ampas teh dan cangkang telur terbukti berpengaruh dalam menyediakan hara namun memiliki kemampuan yang berbeda, sehingga bisa terjadi sinergisme atau antagonisme antar senyawa yang dimilikinya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yakni membandingkan hasil aplikasi kombinasi kompos ampas teh dan tepung cangkang telur pada tanah Podsolik Merah-Kuning dalam menyeimbangkan NPK dan Ca dalam jaringan tanaman serta menilai hubungannya dengan resistensi tanaman terhadap virulensi kutukebul. Manfaat penelitian ini mendorong penggunaan ampas teh dikomposkan dan cangkang telur dibuat tepung sebagai pembenah tanah. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di rumah kaca Politeknik Hasnur pada April-Oktober 2021 dengan mengaplikasikan kompos ampas teh dan tepung cangkang telur ke tanah Podsolik Merah-Kuning pada budidaya cabai rawit menggunakan bibit varietas Anjasmara. Penelitian didesain menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan analisis BNJ pada α=5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemberian 120 g kompos ampas teh dikombinasikan 40 g tepung cangkang pada 10 kg tanah mampu meningkatkan kadar N, P, K, dan Ca dalam jaringan tanaman sehingga mendorong resistensi tanaman terhadap virulensi kutukebul sebagai vektor patogen begomovirus. Terdapat hubungan cukup kuat dan positf sebesar 63% antara keharaan pada jaringan tanaman dengan resistensi tanaman terhadap virulensi. Keharaan yang tersedia dan seimbang dapat membantu tanaman membentuk elisitor secara optimal.
Kata kunci: elisitor, kompos ampas teh, tepung cangkang telurNutrient balance plays a role in physiological mechanisms. Compost of tea dregs and eggshells powder have been shown to have an effect in providing nutrients but have different abilities, so synergism or antagonism between the compounds may occur. The purpose of this study was to compare the application results of compost from tea dregs and eggshell powder combination on Red-Yellow Podsolic soil to balance NPK and Ca in plant tissue and assess its relationship with plant resistance to whitefly virulence. The benefits of this research is encourage the use of tea dregs and eggshells as soil enhancers. This research was carried out at Polytechnic Hasnur’s screen house in April-October 2021 by applying compost from tea dregs and eggshell powder to Red-Yellow Podsolic soil in a cultivation of cayenne pepper of Anjasmara variety. The experiment was arranged in a complete randomized design with Tukey’s HSD test at α=5%. The results showed that the application of 120 g compost of tea dregs and 40 g eggshell powder combination increased the percentage of N, P, K, and Ca in plant tissue, thereby encouraging plant resistance to whitefly vector begomovirus virulence. There is a fairly strong and positive relationship of 63% between nutrients in plant tissues with plant resistance to virulence. The available and balanced nutrients may help plants to form elicitors optimally.
Keywords: compost of tea dregs, eggshells powder, elicitor
Self-Pruning Assesment on Several Tropical Fruit Species
Get PDFUpaya mengurangi biaya produksi tanaman buah-buahan sangat penting dalam meningkatkan daya saing. Salah satu biaya produksi pada budidaya adalah pemangkasan. Self-pruning atau cladoptosis sangat potensial untuk mengurangi biaya pemangkasan pada tanaman buah. Namun demikian, penelitian fenomena self-pruning masih sangat terbatas pada tanaman hortikultura. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengidentifikasi kejadian self-pruning pada tanaman buah dalam rangka menggali potensinya untuk menekan pelaksanaan pemangkasan. Observasi menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok dengan faktor tunggal yakni tujuh jenis tanaman buah (alpukat, jeruk siam, jambu biji, kapulasan, lengkeng, asam jawa dan jeruk nipis). Tanaman buah berumur 2.5 tahun dipelihara dalam pot drum. Pengamatan meliputi ukuran kanopi, ukuran cabang dan kejadian self-pruning pada cabang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya kejadian self-pruning pada cabang sekunder, cabang tersier, serta cabang quarter pada semua jenis tanaman. Namun demikian, atas jenis tanaman memiliki kecenderungan self-pruning pada cabang berbeda. Pada tanaman alpukat kejadian self-pruning terjadi pada jenis cabang sekunder dan tersier. Self-pruning pada cabang tersier terjadi pada tanaman lengkeng. Self-pruning pada jenis tanaman yang lain terjadi pada semua jenis cabang. Penelitian ini pertama kali mengamati kejadian self-pruning pada tanaman buah. Perlu penelitian lanjutan mengenai faktor peubah self-pruning pada tanaman buah.
Kata kunci: absisi, arsitektur kanopi, cladoptosis, hortikultura, senesensEfforts to reduce the production costs of fruit trees are very important to increase competitiveness. One of the production costs in cultivation is pruning. Self-pruning or cladoptosis has the potential to reduce the cost of pruning fruit trees. However, research on the self-pruning phenomenon is still very limited to horticultural crops. The research aimed to identify the occurrence of self-pruning incident in fruit trees to explore their potential to reduce pruning activities. Observations used a randomized block design with a single factor, namely six species of fruit tree (avocado, citrus, guava, kapulasan, longan, and tamarind. Fruit plants aged 2.5 years were maintained in drum pots. Observations included canopy size, branch size, and self-pruning events on branches. The results showed that there was self-pruning on secondary branches, tertiary branches, and quarter branches on all tree species. However, each species has a tendency to self-pruning on different branches. In avocado, self-pruning occurred in secondary and tertiary branches. Self-pruning of tertiary branches occurred in litchi plants. In other plants, self-pruning occurred on all types of branches. This study is the first to observe self-pruning in fruit trees. Further research is needed on the factors of self-pruning variables in fruit plants.
Keywords: abscisions, canopy architecture, cladoptosis, horticulture, senescenc
Karakterisasi Fisikokimia Beras Galur-galur Padi Hitam Dihaploid
Get PDFMutu beras dan nasi yang mencakup mutu fisik dan kimia (fisikokima) merupakan preferensi konsumen yang perlu dipertimbangkan. Karakter kualitas gabah dan beras meliputi penampilan, tekstur dan rasa. Penelitian bertujuan untuk melakukan pengukuran atau identifikasi secara kuantitatif terhadap karakter fisikokimia beras galur-galur dihaploid padi hitam. Percobaan dilakukan di Laboratorium Mutu, Kebun Percobaan Muara, Balai Besar Penelitian Tanaman Padi (BB Padi) pada bulan Agustus hingga September 2021. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan ulangan atau sampel sebanyak 10 per genotipe. Genotipe yang digunakan terdiri atas 16 (14 galur dihaploid padi hitam dan dua varietas pembanding yaitu Aek Sibundong dan Jeliteng). Pengamatan mutu fisik meliputi kadar air, beras pecah kulit, beras kepala, beras giling, bentuk beras, panjang beras dan butir kapur beras. Karakter kimia beras yang diamati meliputi kadar amilosa, suhu gelatinisasi dan organoleptik. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa galur AW6 memiliki tingkat kemiripan yang dekat dengan varietas pembanding yang ditunjukkan dalam analisis gerombol di Grup 1. Karakter penciri pada Grup 1 ialah kadar air 13.6%, beras kepala 88.7%, beras pecah kulit 76%, beras giling 70%, skor alkali 1-4, suhu gelatinisasi sedang hingga tinggi, bentuk ramping, rasa gurih dan pengapuran kecil. Galur AW6 termasuk kedalam Grup 1 karena memiliki karakter yang mirip dengan varietas pembanding.
Kata kunci: amilosa, beras hitam, fisikokimiaThe quality of grain and rice which includes physical and chemical quality (physicochemical) is a consumer preference that needs to be considered. The character of the quality of grain and rice includes appearance, texture and taste. The aim of the study was to measure or identify quantitatively the physicochemical character of the dihaploid rice lines of black rice. The experiment was conducted at the Quality Laboratory, Muara Experimental Station, Indonesian Center for Rice Research (BB Padi) from August to September 2021. The study used a completely randomized design with 10 replicates or samples per genotype. The genotypes used consisted of 16 (14 dihaploid lines of black rice and two check varieties, namely Aek Sibundong and Jeliteng). Observations of physical quality included water content, broken husk rice, head rice, milled rice, rice shape, length of rice and grains of rice lime. The chemical characters of rice observed were amylose content, gelatinization temperature and organoleptic. The results showed that the AW6 line had a close similarity with the check variety shown in the cluster analysis in Group 1. The distinguishing traits in Group 1 were 13.6% moisture content, 88.7% head rice, 76% broken rice, 70% milled rice, score alkaline 1-4, medium to high gelatinization temperature, lean shape, savory taste and small liming. The AW6 line was included in Group 1 because it had similar characteristics to the check varieties.
Keywords: amylose, black rice, physicochemica
Performance and Response Selection on Mung Bean Transgressive Segregants
No full textKacang hijau merupakan salah satu komoditi pangan penting di Indonesia. Perbaikan varietas kacang hijau diperlukan sebagai upaya untuk mendapatkan varietas unggul kacang hijau. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menduga respon seleksi serta mengkorfirmasi segregan transgresif pada generasi F4 hasil persilangan kacang hijau. Percobaan dilakukan pada bulan Februari hingga Mei 2021 di kebun percobaan Leuwikopo IPB, Bogor, Jawa Barat (275 m dpl). Rancangan yang digunakan adalah rancangan perbesaran (augmented design) dalam rancangan kelompok lengkap teracak (RKLT) yang terdiri atas 60 famili F4 hasil persilangan VR10 x Vima 1 serta 6 varietas pembanding. Seleksi berdasarkan karakter bobot biji per tanaman dan tinggi tanaman menghasilkan 12 galur yang memiliki bobot biji dan keragaan tanaman yang tinggi. Karakter bobot polong dan bobot biji per tanaman memiliki nilai respon seleksi yang tinggi. Penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya 4 segregan transgresif berdasarkan karakter bobot biji per tanaman dan tinggi tanaman.
Kata kunci: augmented, diferensial seleksi, keserempakan panen, koefisien keragaman genetikMung bean is one of the essential food crops in Indonesia. Improvement of mung bean varieties is needed to obtain superior mung bean varieties. This study aimed to estimate the selection response and confirm the transgressive segregants in the F4 generation of mung bean crosses. The experiment was carried out from February to May 2021 in the Leuwikopo Experimental Field of IPB University, Bogor, West Java (275 m asl). The experimental design was an augmented-randomized complete block design (RCBD) consisting of 60 F4 families from VR10 x Vima 1 crosses and 6 check varieties. The selection based on seed weight per plant and plant height resulted in 12 lines with high seed weight and tall plant stature. The characters of pod weight and seed weight per plant have a high selection response. This study revealed 4 transgressive segregants based on seed weight per plant and plant height.
Keywords: augmented, coefficient of genetic diversity, selection differential, simultaneous harves