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ANALISIS EKONOMI PENGGUNAAN CAMPURAN PUPUK ORGANIK FESES TERNAK SAPI PADA USAHATANI TOMAT(Lycopersicum esculentum Mill. L.) (Studi Kasus Di Desa Tondegesan Dua Kecamatan Kawangkoan Kabupaten Minahasa)
Get PDFABSTRACT ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF UTILIZATION OF MIX ORGANIC FERTILIZER FROM CATTLE FECES ON TOMATO (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill. L.) FARM (Case study at Tondegesan Two Village Kawangkoan District of Minahasa Regency) The objectives of this study were to analyze cost, income, production and factors affecting tomato farm using organic fertilizer from cattle feces at Tondegesan Two village, Kawangkoan district of Minahasa regency.       Respondents were defined by census method. Data were collected by interviewing mechanisms, direct observation and available documents. Data were based on primer data including land area, workers, salary, total seed, seed prize, total fertilizer applied, fertilizer price, tomato production per planting period, tomato selling price, production cost, income as well as general condition of farmer. Secondary data were based on the reference (library and internet) or other institutions related with this study such as animal population and tomato farmers. Data were analyzed by different test using t test on pair samples. Results showed that costs of tomato farm using organic fertilizer from cattle feces were IDR 32,936,915 less than costs of tomato farm using non-organic fertilizer of IDR 38,659,431. On the other hand, farmer incomes using organic fertilizer from cattle feces were IDR 43,653,085 more than farmer income using non-organic fertilizer of IDR 34,938,069. The productions of tomato farm using organic fertilizer from cattle feces were 30,636 kg more than production of tomato farm using non-organic fertilizer of 29,439 kg. Using regression analysis of production function by cobb douglass method for factors affecting tomato farm indicated that the variables of workers and seed total affected significantly tomato production with probability of 0.005, while total organic and non-organic fertilizers did not affect tomato production. Therefore, it can be concluded that utilization of the organic fertilizer increased farmers’ income of the tomato farm.  Key words:Cattle feces organic fertilizer, tomato production, cost, income
PERTUMBUHAN VEGETATIF BROWN MIDRIB (BMR) SORGUM PADA TINGKAT NAUNGAN BERBEDA DAN KEPADATAN POPULASI
Get PDFABSTRACT VEGETATIVE GROWTH OF BROWN MIDRIB (BMR) SORGHUM ON THE DIFFERENT LEVELS SHADE OG SHADE AND POPULATIONS DENSITY. The present study was conducted to determine the effect of shading area and plant population density and their interaction on vegetative growth of Brown Midrib (BMR) Sorghum. A Completely Randomized Design (CRD) in a Factorial arrangement with 2 factors of nitrogen level and shading area, as follows: factor A = shading area of A1 = no shading area (0%), and N2 = shading area; whereas factor B = plant population density of B1 = 4 plants, B2 = 6 plants, B3 = 8 plants, and B4 = 10 plants. Variables measured were: leaves number, plant height, and the correlation between leaves number and plant population density. Research results showed that plant height in open area (no shading) was about 86.33 cm and significantly higher (P < 0.05) compared to other treatments. Leaves number in open area was about 7.55 sheats and significantly higher (P < 0.05) compared to other treatments. It can be concluded that shading positively decreased or retarded Brown Midrib (BMR) Sorghum growth as indicated by lower plant heights in shading area. In a limited daylight, plants needs an adaptation period to fulfill their needs for photosyntesis processes. Â Key words: brown midrib (BMR) sorghum, growth, population density, shadin
PENGARUH BOBOT TELUR TETAS ITIK TERHADAP PERKEMBANGAN EMBRIO, FERTILITAS DAN BOBOT TETAS
Get PDFEFFECT OF DUCK EGG WEIGHT ON FERTILITY, EMBRYO DEVELOPMENT AND HATCHING WEIGHT OF DAY OLD DUCK. This study was done to evaluate embryonic development for determination of egg fertility and hatching weight of day old duck (DOD). This study involved 160 eggs of duck with the average egg weight (EW) classified into 55g ≤ EW < 60g, 61g ≤ EW < 65g, 65g ≤ EW < 70g and 71g ≤ EW < 75g. Data collection was conducted over 28 days, as long as the period of hatching process. The design method used in this study was completely randomized design. Existing data were analyzed using analysis of variance. Treatments in this study were 4 treatments and 4 replications at each treatment. The variables measured were the percentage of egg fertility, embryo development and hatching weight. Results showed that duck embryo development during the hatching process was in good condition process. The results of variance analysis showed that treatments of egg weight did not affect significantly the percentages of egg fertility. The percentages of fertility were ranging between 85 – 95%. Hatching weights were ranging between 31g – 51g per DOD. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that egg weight had no effect on the process of embryonic development and fertility, except those for the hatching weight of DOD. Key words: Duck egg weight, embryonic development, fertility, hatching weight
EVALUASI KINERJA PENYULUH BP3K DALAM BIDANG PETERNAKAN DI KECAMATAN PINELENG KABUPATEN MINAHASA
Get PDFABSTRACT PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF THE FIELD FARM EDUCATOR IN PINELENG DISTRICT PINELENG OF MINAHASA REGENCY. The purpose of this study was to determine the performance of field farm educator and to know the success of the field farm educator at Pineleng district of Minahasa regency. Respondents were applied by survey method at 1 supervisor, 4 field farm educators and 30 selected farmers as targets of counseling. Data were collected by interview, observation and documentation. Sources of data were including primary data in the form of extension internal program, age, education, experience, and the number of dependent family. External extension factors were involving  infrastruc-ture, government policies, the intensity of illumination, and the distance of field farm educator residence. The second primary data were taken regarding the indicators of appraisal extension educator office. Secondary data were obtained from agencies associated with this study, such as the BP3K office of the Pineleng district and Pineleng district office. Data analysis was using qualitative deskriprif. The analysis showed that the internal and external factors affecting one to each other of the performance of the field farm extension of educators. Extension performance appraisal done by superiors to field farm educator assessment itself indicated good category. This good category indicated that from nine assessment indicators, seven of them were done by field farm educators. Field farm educators were not optimal in doing extension because the compiled program did not reach the target. In conclusion internal and external factors influencing the extension performance of field farm educators, in the judgment of superiors are in accordance with the duties and functions of each field farm educator. On the basis of this study, the result of the extension was not optimal because more farmers did not participate and achieve in extension and the planned program objectives of the field farm educators
OBSERVASI SIKLUS ESTRUS PADA ANOA (Bubalus depressicornis) DI ANOA BREEDING CENTRE MANADO
Get PDFABSTRACT OBSERVATION OF ANOA (Bubalus depressicornis) ESTRUS CYCLE IN ANOA BREEDING CENTRE OF MANADO . Anoa is endemic to the island of Sulawesi and the biggest wild animal among fauna in Sulawesi. This anoa population is decreasing, so that the population needs sustainable conservation involving good reproduction management. The strategy of the reproduction management was knowledge of this animal reproduction cycles including estrus cycles of anoa at the Anoa Breeding Centre Manado. Objective of this study was to evaluate estrus cycles of anoa. Materials used in this study were four heads of female anoa at ages of 2.5, 6,5,  7 and 8 years old. Data were collected by focal animal sampling on each female anoa (Manis, Denok, Anna and Rita). Estrus detection was applied using non-automatically estrus detection method. Estrus observation was conducted daily at 06.00-18.00 Indonesian central time. Estrus anoa was detected on the basis of the visual estrus symptom (VES) and readiness of female anoa receiving the female to copulate. Rectal temperature was measured daily in the morning and afternoon using thermometer. Results showed that based on observation of VES revealed the estrus symptom including nervous, urination, shaking tail, reddish vulva, swelling vulva and transparent mucus from vulva, coming near male anoa, smelling the male genital, attempting to mount another anoa, being mounted by anotherand stands to be mounted by one of her herdmates. Estrus time period was a day with estrus cycles of 26 days (Manis), 30 days (Denok). Average of rectal temperatures was 41.7o C. It can be concluded that estrus cycles of anoa at Anoa Breeding Centre Manado was ranging from 26-30 days with estrus period was one day.  Key words: anoa, estrus cycles, estrus symptom
ESTIMASI KEPADATAN KUSKUS BERUANG (Ailurops ursinus) DI CAGAR ALAM TANGKOKO BATUANGUS KOTA BITUNG
Get PDFDENSITY POPULATION ESTIMATION OF BEAR CUSCUS (Ailurops ursinus) In TANGKOKO BATUANGUS NATURE RESERVE BITUNG CITY. The purpose of this study to determine the number of Bear cuscus density estimation (A.ursinus) in Tangkoko Nature Reserve in wildlife conservation programe. This study conducted in Tangkoko Nature Reserve Batuangus for 3 months from 1st August through 31st October 2015. The variable of this study are about: density population, estimation of density population, and vegetation, by using observation methods and Line Transect Animal Sampling Technique (NRC, 1981). This study use four transects, that consist of : A = 1736m, B = 1724m, C = 1620m, D = 1620m and the spread of observation area in each lines is about 100m. The results showed, there has been increase the density population of Bear cuscus in Tangkoko about 213.85% compared with the results of previous studies which totaled 53.13/km2 became 166.75/km2. Bear cuscus population estimation (A. ursinus) in Tangkoko Nature Reserve is increased to 213.85% or forecasts twice a few years earlier. Increasing population density Bear cuscus in Tangkoko Nature Reserve is because the carrying capacity of the habitat has improved and stabel and because of the socialization of management konservation (habitat, wild animal/fauna endemik) has been done in some likes research, training, dissemination to the public and the outreach community by WCS, field courses, WWF, Macacanigra Project, etc. and Local organizations in the field of conservation (nature lovers, your community, etc.). Keywords: Density, Population, Bear Cuscus (A. ursinus
PENGARUH DEFOLIASI DAN LEVEL PUPUK NITROGEN TERHADAP PERFORMANS RUMPUT Brachiaria humidicola (Rendle) Schweick cv. Tully
Get PDFDEFOLIATION EFFECT OF NITROGEN FERTILIZER AND LEVEL OF GRASS PERFORMANCE Brachiaria humidicola (Rendle) Schweick cv. Tully Brachiaria humidicola potential to develop since this species palatable as fed, able to suppressed weeds, persistent under heavy grazing and tolerant on dried environment. This species could produced chemical substance brachialactone as biological nitrification inhibitor, released in root rhizosphere automatically when defoliation occurred, and could increase the efficiency of nitrogen utilization in the field. The aimed of this experiment was to study the effect of defoliation and level of nitrogen fertilizer on the performance of B. humidicola. This experiment has been conducted at experimental station of Balai Pengkajian Technology Pertanian (BPTP) at Pandu, North Minahasa Regency, North Sulawesi. Treatments consists of defoliation as factor A (a1 = defoliated, a2 = non defoliated) and level of nitrogen as factor B (b1 = 0 gram, b2 = 40 gram, b3 = 80 gram and b4 = 160 gram N/plot). Treatments were placed as factorial arrangement based on Randomized Block Design with three blocks as replication. The result show that interaction of a1b1 give total phyllochron significant (P<0,05) higher than other interaction. Defolation (a1) effect significantly (P<0,05) higher than non defolation (a2) on number of tiller. There is non significant effect of both interaction and N fertilizer on shoot/root ratio on the orther hand defolation effect significantly (P<0,05) on shoot/root ratio. Based on this result it can be concluded that : (1). Defoliation increased total number of phyllochron, tiller and suport root defelopment of B. humidicola; (2). The needs of nitrogen was higher to produced tiller than phyllochron. Key Words : Defoliation, Nitrogen, Performance, humidicol
ANALISIS USAHA KELOMPOK TANI TERNAK SAPI “PELITA†DI DESA TONSEWER KECAMATAN TOMPASO BARAT KABUPATEN MINAHASA
Get PDFABSTRACT ANALYSIS GROUP BUSINESS FARM ANIMALS CATTLE " PELITA " IN THE VILLAGE Tonsewer Tompaso WEST DISTRICT MINAHASA The aim of this research, analyzing the break even point (BEP) in cattle farming PO "Pelita Group" in the village Tonsewer. This study used survey method with primary and secondary data. Data were collected from September to October 2015, using the BEP analysis. Results of the study showed that the maintenance of 63 head of cattle during the first year, issued a total cost of Rp. 414.150.000-, with revenues of Rp. 714 246 250, and BEP revenues of Rp. 62,265,476.19 and BEP production is 6 head of cattle. Â Keywords : Catlle, Farmer Group, BEP. Â
PENGARUH FERMENTASI ISI RUMEN SAPI DENGAN Trichoderma viride TERHADAP ENERGI METABOLIS PADA AYAM BROILER
Get PDFÂ THE EFFECT OF DRIED COW RUMEN FERMENTATION WITH TRICHODERMA VIRIDE ON METABOLIZABLE ENERGY VALUE OF BROILER. The purpose of this experiment was to determine the metabolizable energy of dried cow rumen. The experiment use dried cow rumen and dried cow rumen fermented Trichoderma viride during 9 days with 0,3% inoculum dose. The experiment use 18 six weeks old male broiler metabolizable energy parameter were analyzed with Wilcoxon test. The result of this experiment showed fermentation with Trichoderma viride could increase the metabolizable energy of dried cow rumen. Â Key word : Fermentation of dried cow rumen, broiler, metabolizable energ
MANFAAT DAUN LAMTORO (Leucaena leucocephala DALAM PAKAN AYAM PEDAGING DIUKUR DARI PENAMPILAN PRODUKSI
Get PDFPERFORMANCE OF BROILERS FED THE LAMTORO (LEUCAENA LEUCOCEPHALA) LEAF MEAL IN THE DIETS. The utilization of lamtoro (Leucaena leucocephala) leaf meal (LLM) in broiler diets was investigated employing 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20% levels substituted to the based diet (control). In this experiment, 100 birds were randomly allocated into five groups of treatments. Each treatment was repeated into four replications with five birds per each replication. The five dietary treatments were allotted to the birds in a completely randomized design. The birds were fed experimental finisher diets. Feed and water were provided ad libitum. Effect of LLM inclusion up 20% on feed intake (g), live weight gain (g) and feed conversion did not differ significantly (P ˃ 0.05). It may be inferred from these experiments that LLM up to 20% can safely be substituted to broiler based diet.Keywords: Lamtoro leaf, broiler, performanc