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PENGARUH PEMBERIAN RUMPUT RAJA (Pennisetum purpupoides) DAN TEBON JAGUNG TERHADAP KECERNAAN NDF DAN ADF PADA SAPI PO PEDET JANTAN
Get PDFTHE EFFECTS OF OFFERING KING GRASS (Pennisetum purpupoides) AND CORN STOVER ON NDF AND ADF DIGESTIBILITY OF MALE ONGOLE CROSS BREED STEER CALVES. A research evaluating the effects of offering king grass (Pennisetum purpupoides) and corn stover as feed ingredients on NDF and ADF digestibility of male ongole cross breed steer calves. This study used five male ongole calf weighing ± 100 kg. Latin Square design consisting of 5 treatments was used. The treatments were the ratio between the king grass and corn stover; R1 = 100% king grass, R2 = 75% king grass + 25% corn stover, R3 = 50% king grass + 50% corn stover, R4 = 25% king grass + 75% corn stover and R5 = 100% corn stover. The variables measured were digestibility of NDF and ADF. The results of analysis of variance showed that there were highly significant effects (P 0.05), while there were no significant different between R4 and R5 (P>0.05). Tukey test on ADF digestibility showed that there were no significant different among R1 (49.2%), R2 (58.03%), R3 (56.09%), and R4 (59.79%) (P >0.05), however R1 was significantly lower than R5 (65.32%) (P>0.05). There were no significant difference among R2 to R3, R4 and R5 (P>0.05). It can be concluded that biological value (NDF and ADF digestibility) of corn stover is higher compared to king grass.
keywords: digestibility, king grass and corn stov
KOMPOSISI KIMIA DAGING SEGAR DAN SIFAT ORGANOLEPTIK KELELAWAR OLAHAN
Get PDFCHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND ORGANOLEPTIC CHARACTERISTICS OF PROCESSING BAT (Pteropus alecto) FRESH MEAT. Study was done to evaluate chemical composition and preference degree of the consumers on the processing bat meat compared with beef, chicken and cakalang fish using steam cooking method, flavor cooking and spicy cooking method. Chemical composition was analyzed by proximate analysis using procedures of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists. The organoleptic test was done by hedonic test. Data of the hedonic test were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis method. To evaluate data distribution of the panelist respons on the sample test, the data were using plot graphic box. The hedonic scales were using 1 to 7. The variables used were including color, taste, flavor, tenderness and general acceptance. Results of proximate analyses of bat meat based on fresh meat indicated that water content was 67.21 percents and protein was 20.48 percents. Based on dry matter, the protein contents of bat meat, pork, chicken, and cakalang fish were 48.97 percents, 69.08 percents, 67.14 percents, and 69.41 percents, respectively. The water contents were 5.76 percents, 9.92 percents, 8.27 percents, and 9.90 percents, repsectively; the calcium (Ca) contents were also 10.62 percents, 1.09 percents, 1.36 percents, 1.38 percents, respectively; while Phosphor (P) contents were 1.46 percents, 0.69 percents, 0.66 percents, and 0.72 percents, respectively. Variance analysis for organoleptic test showed that meat type with different processing affected significantly on taste, color, flavor, tenderness and general preference of bat meat, beef meat, chicken meat and cakalang fish by steam cooking, chicken flavor, and spicy cooking methods. Conclusion, bat meat contained protein relatively lower than that in pork meat, chicken meat, and cakalang fish, but mineral contents were relative higher. Results of organoleptic test showed that preference degree of processing meat were higher on using spicy flavor. The specific test on taste, color, flavor, tenderness and general responsed showed relatively the same responses by the panelists.  Key word: Chemical composition, organoleptic test, processing bat mea
PENGARUH KONSENTRASI DAN LAMA PERENDAMAN A. pintoi DENGAN URIN TERNAK SAPI TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN A. pintoi
Get PDFINFLUENCE OF CONCENTRATION AND SOAKING TIME OF A. pintoi IN THE COW URINE ON PLANT GROWTH. Cow urine has an auksin a, auksin b, and IAA (hetero auksin) that can stimulate plant roots. The present study was conducted to determine the influence of concentration and soaking time in the cow urine on Arachis pintoi (A. pinto) growth. This study used Completely Randomized Design (CRD) in Factorial arrangement with 2 factors A and B. Factor A= urine concentration: A1 = urine 75% + water 25% and A2; urine 50% + water 50%; and factor B = soaking time: B1 = 1 hour; B2 = 2 hours; Dan, B3 = 3 hours. Treatments were replicated 4 times. Parameters measured were: leaves amount (sheets), plant length (cm), and root weight (g). Research results showed that mean leaves amount ranged from 41,65 to 46,77 sheets, plant length 35,97-36,67 cm, and root weight 1,95-1,72 g. Utilization of cow urine with a different concentration and soaking time gave a non significant different (P>0.05) on leaves amount, plant length, and root weight. It can be concluded that cow urine concentration and soaking time do not effect leaves amount, plant length, and root weight of Arachis pintoi (A. pinto). Key words: Cow urine concentration, Soaking time, A. pintoi
PENGARUH TINGGI DAN JARAK WAKTU PEMOTONGAN RUMPUT GAJAH DWARF (pannisetum purpureum cv. Mott) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN VEGETATIF DAN PRODUKSI BAHAN KERING
Get PDFEFFECT OF HIGH AND DISTANCE OF CUTTING TIME OF DWARF ELEPHANT GRASS (pannisetum purpureum cv. Mott) ON VEGETATIVE GROWTH AND DRY MATERIAL PRODUCTION. This research aims to identify and obtain data about the effect of height and distance of cutting time on vegetative growth and dry material production of dwarf elephant grass (pannisetum purpureum cv. Mott). The treatments were applied into factorial design on the base of Group Random Design (GRD) which consists of two factors and three replications. Factor A were cutting height, a1 = 0 cm above the ground, a2= 5 cm above the ground, a3= 10 cm above the ground, a4= 15 cm above the ground. Factor B age of cutting, b1 = 20 days, and b2 = 30 days. The measured variables were including the number of tillers, ratio of leaf/stem and dry material production. Result of analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that the number of tillers and dry ingredient of grass were affected very significantly (P < 0,01) by the interaction of high of cutting and the age of plant. However, the age of plant was giving a significantly different effect (P < 0,05) on the leaf/steam ratio. While the interaction high of cutting and age of plant did not significantly affect (P > 0,05) the leaf/steam ratio. Based on the research, it can be concluded that I order to ensure the continued production of P.purpureum cv.Mott measured in the number of tillers and dry ingredient, it should be cut at the age of 20 and 30 days with a cutting height of 15 cm above ground level. The highest value of leaf/steam ratio was obtained at the cutting age of 20 days.Keywords : P. purpureum cv. Mott, high and age of cutting, growth, dry material productio
NILAI RETENSI NITROGEN DAN ENERGI METABOLIS BROILER YANG DIBERI RANSUM TEPUNG LIMBAH SAWI PUTIH (Brassica rapa L. subsp. pekinensis)
Get PDFABSTRACT THE VALUE OF NITROGEN RETENTION AND METABOLIZABLE ENERGY OF BROILER DIETS WITH MUSTARD MEAL (Brassica rapa L. subsp. pekinensis) This research was conducted  to determine the value of nitrogen retention (NR) and nitrogen corrected metabolizable energy value (AMEn) of broiler diets containing waste of mustard meal. Research used 18 MB 202 of broiler chickens 6 weeks of age that consists of 3 days of preliminary and 3 days collecting data. The experimental wasdesigned by a completely randomized design (CRD), which consists of 3 treatments and 6 replications. The treatmentswere: R0 = 100% based diet (BD) + 0% mustard waste meal (MWM), R1 = 90% BD + 10% MWM, and R2 = 80% BD + 20% MWM. Variables were nitrogen retention (NR) and metabolizable energy  nitrogen corrected (AMEN) value. Results showed that the NR value was significantly (P <0.05) affected by treatments and the AMEn was highly significant (P <0.01) affected by treatments. HSD test showed thatthe NR value of R1(54,59%) and R2  (41,71%) was significantly decreased compared to control (41,71%).The AMEn value oftreatment R1 (2504.07 Kcal/kg) and R2 (2117.00Kcal/kg) was signicantly decreased compared to R0 (3141.57 Kcal/kg). Based on the NR and AMEn values, it can be concluded that mustard waste could be used up to 10% in dietof broilers Keywords : broiler, metabolizable energy,mustard, nitrogen retention
PERTAMBAHAN BERAT BADAN, JUMLAH KONSUMSI DAN EFISIENSI PENGGUNAAN PAKAN BABI FASE GROWER SAMPAI FINISHER YANG DIBERI GULA AREN (Arenga pinnata Merr) DALAM AIR MINUM
Get PDFWeight gain, feed consumption and the efficiency of growing pigs to slaughter with palm sugar in drinking water. The production performances by looking at weight gain, consumption and feed efficiency is part of the requirements to see pig production capabilities. The study lasted 10 weeks consisting of 8-week data collection period and 2 weeks of data collecting preliminary aims to determine the effect of the use of palm sugar in the drinking water to the performances of grower to finisher productivities of pigs. The study used 16 mix male and female pigs period grower 12-14 week-old offspring of type cross-bred Yorkshire and Landrace. The experimental design used in this research was Block Randomized Experimental Design with four levels of treatment as follows 0, 2%, 4%, 6% palm sugar in drinking water in four different weight groups as replication. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that the use of palm sugar in drinking water on weight gain (0,57- 0,65 kg) significantly effect (P <0.05), while the amount of consumption (2,56- 2,64 kg)  and feed efficiency (0,22-0,25) were not significantly different (P> 0.05), however the amount of water consumption drink (6,57-8,91 litre) indicates the effect of significantly (P <0.05). The use of palm sugar in drinking water in pigs grower phase until finisher can deliver good growth despite the amount of consumption and the efficiency of feed use remains the same.  Key words ; Grower, finisher, palm suga
KADAR AIR, pH DAN TOTAL MIKROBA DAGING AYAM YANG DITAMBAHKAN KUNYIT PUTIH (Curcuma mangga Val.)
Get PDFTHE EFFECT OF WHITE TURMERIC (Curcuma mangga Val.) ADDITION ON CHICKEN MEAT AGAINST WATER CONTENT, pH AND MICROORGANISM NUMBERS. The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of the addition of white turmeric (Curcuma manggaVal.) on chicken meat at cold storage (4oC). This research used Split Plot Design with 2 treatment factors based on completely randomized design. The Main Plot contains of 4 treatments (A0 = without storage, A1 = 3 days storage, A2 = 6 days storage, A3 = 9 days storage) and the Sub Plot contains of 4 treatments (B0 = without white turmeric, B1 = 4% grating of white turmeric, B2 = 8% grating of white turmeric, B3 = 12% grating of white turmeric). The variable that observed are water content, pH and microorganism number. The result showed that the addition of white turmeric was not significant affected (P > 0.05) against water contentof chicken meat, however it was highly significant affected (P < 0.01) against pH and microorganism numbers of chicken meat. Storage time was highly significant affected (P <0.01) against water content, pH and microorganism numbers of chicken meat. The interaction between both of treatment factors was given highly significant affected (P < 0.01) against water content, pH and microorganism numbers of chicken meat. As a conclusion, the addition of white turmeric on chicken meat was not affected against water content, however it can decrease pH and obstruct microorganism activity. Keywords : chicken meat, white turmeric, pH, water content, microorganism number
PENGELOLAAN LIMBAH KOTORAN TERNAK DALAM UPAYA PENCEGAHAN PENCEMARAN LINGKUNGAN DI KOTA KOTAMOBAGU
Get PDFANIMAL WASTE PRODUCT MANAGEMENT FOR PREVENTION OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION IN KOTAMOBAGU CITY. The animal wastes from animal farm affect the environmental condition of human settlement, when it was not well managed. The objectives of this study was to evaluate either levels of knowledge, attitude and technical skill had correlated directly or not with their motivation activity in preventing environmental pollution of animal wastes around Kotamobagu city. Variables in this study were referring on the farmer’s standard knowledge (X1), attitude (X2), technical skill (X3) and motivation activity in preventing environmental pollution of animal wastes (Y) around Kotamobagu city using the functions of linear multiple regression, Yi = b0 + b1X1 + b2X2 + b3X3 + ei; where Yi was the-i observation of farmer’s motivation activity in preventing environmental pollution of animal wastes; b0 was intercept; b1, b2 and b3 were regression coefficients, X1 was farmer’s knowledge, X2 farmer’s attitude, X3 was farmer’s technical skill in preventing environmental pollution of animal wastes; and e1 was random error. Results of this study showed that knowledge level (X1), attitude (X2) and technical skill (X3) of farmers could be the important factors affecting farmer’s motivation activity in preventing environmental pollution of animal wastes (Y) in Kotamobagu city areas. The equation of multiple regression model was found, Y = 1.468 + 0.784 X1 + 0.218 X2 + 0.004 X3. The determination coefficient (R2) of 0.81 in this model indicated that 81 percents of the variation of independent variables (X1, X2, and X3) used in the model were able to affect the variation of the dependent variable (Y). The rest of 19 percents in the model were caused by the other unknown factors. The average score values of knowledge level (X1=87.23), attitude (X2=93.37) and technical skill (X3=88.40) and farmer’s motivation activity (Y=90.60) in preventing environmental pollution of animal wastes (poultry and pig) in Kotamobagu city areas were still below the score median values (X1=93; X2=100; X3=100; Y=93) of those variables. This condition suggested that extension activities related to the prevention of environmental pollution of animal wastes in Kotamobagu city areas were still needed to be conducted, mainly to the farmers with low scores in knowledge, attitude, technical skill and motivation activity in preventing environmental pollution of animal wastes. Key words: Animal waste product, prevention of environmental pollution, Kotamobagu city
PENGARUH PEMANFAATAN BOKASHI FESES SAPI TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN SORGUM VARIETAS KAWALI
Get PDFABSTRACT  UTILIZATION EFFECT OF CATTLE FECES BOKASHI ON GROWTH OF Kawali SORGHUM VARIETY . The Research about effect of utilization cow manure on growth of sorghum variety kawali has done. The aim of this research is to obtain data and determine the effect of utilization cow manure mixed with EM4 on growth of sorghum variety kawali. This study was conducted using a completely randomized design (CRD) which consists of 4 treatments and 5 replicates in each treatment. The treatments were divided into plots of the experimental unit without fertilizer (P0), the plot using organic fertilizer of 4 kg/6 m2 (P1), plot using organic fertilizer of 8 kg/6 m2 (P2), and plot using organic fertilizer of 12 kg/6 m2 (P3). The variables measured in this study were plant height, number of leaves and leaf width. The HSD test indicated that at high treatment plants showed that treatments between P3 and P0 and between P3 and P1 were highly significant. However, treatments between P3 and P2 showed no significant difference. In the treatments of advanced test HSD indicated also that number of leaves between P3 and P0 showed highly significant, but between P3 and P1, and between P3 and P2 showed no difference. In the treatment of wide leaves using HSD test showed that treatment between P3 and P0 was highly significant, but those between P3 and P1 and between P3 and P2 showed no difference. Statistical analysis showed that treatment using cattle feces bokashi as the organic fertilizer of 12 kg/ 6 m2 (P3) produced high significant influence on plant height, leaf number, and leaf width. Based on this research it can be concluded that cattle feces bokashi as the organic fertilizer up to 12 kg /plot of 6 m2 produced the best effect on plant height, leaf number, and leaf width of kawali sorghum variety. Key words: Sorgum, growt,  Cattle feces bokashi,EM4
ANALISIS POTENSI DAYA DUKUNG LAHAN UNTUK PENGEMBANGAN SAPI POTONG DI KAWASAN PAKAKAAN KABUPATEN MINAHASA
Get PDFANALYSIS OF LAND CARRYING CAPACITY AND ITS POTENCY FOR BEEF CATTLE DEVELOPMENT IN PAKAKAAN MINAHASA REGENCY. This study has been conducted in The PAKAKAAN, Minahasa Regency on February 2nd - April 5th 2014. The study aimed to: identify and calculate the carrying capacity of the land as a source of forage feed. Method of analysis that used in this study was descriptive analysis, where the research locations was selected by purposive sampling method, with consideration that the area is agropolitan region, in which beef cattle as the main commodity. Data collected were included secondary data. Secondary data were from: a) Minahasa Statistics Center Bureau, b) the Department of Agriculture, Livestock and Agriculture Service of Minahasa, c) reading material and results of research published by official agencies. The source of the data that is; a) the stakeholders (farmers / ranchers, merchants, butcher, retailers and consumers of beef) b) experts / specialists (college / Toma) c) SKPD and related agency in Minahasa. The data was then processed and analyzed through the calculation land capacity index. Pakakaan is a region defined by the government Minahasa as an Agropolitan region where its main commodity is beef cattle. This region has an area extent of about ​​356.68 km2, which spread in 10 sub-districts. By 2013 the population in the region were 106.270 inhabitants, the population density per districts amounted to an average 298 people/km2 (Department of Agriculture and Minahasan Livestock and Agriculture Service, 2014). The land area extent in the region was 32.010 hectares, with the total number of agricultural households (HH) were 27.264, the density was 1.77 ha/HH. Cattle population in the year 2013 as many as 10.581 heads, thenumber of cattle farmers were 4.038, which means the averageof cattle ownership was 2.62 heads/farmer, and the beef cattle density was 29.67 heads/km2. The results showed that with a land area of ​​32.010 hectares will be able to produce forage for cattle in the amount of 11.541 tonnes per year, while the roughage can be generated by 123.934 tonnes per year. These means that the average of feed potential availability as much as 135.484 tonnes per year. Based on the livestock unit analysis, the animal unit (AU)of cattle population was 8.040 AU, in which the total capacity of cattle was 118.846AU/year, when it subtracted by the recent total cattle population there, hence the development potential was 108.740 AU per year. It is concluded:1)the land carrying capacity index (CCI) for the development of beef cattle in the Pakakaan region was in the category of "safe" with a value of>2,  Keywords : beef cattle, animal unit, capability index