ETNOSIA : Jurnal Etnografi Indonesia
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Similar but not the same: The study of weavings cultural materials diversity in Sumba
Full text linkThis paper aims to show that cultural materials, which are often considered cultural and area-bounded, turn out to have a diversity that depends on each place\u27s social, cultural, economic, and geographical dynamics. This paper will focus on cultural materials in the form of Sumba weaving cloth. This paper is based on research with a qualitative approach, especially with observation methods in several weaving centers in Sumba and in-depth interviews with weaving artisans. The result of this study is that Sumba weavings cloth has local characteristics that depend on environmental potential, social, economic, historical, and cultural aspects, as well as the knowledge of its weavers from each region in Sumba. This diversity is reflected in the manufacturing techniques, coloring techniques, and various motifs adorn the weaving process
Adaptation and collaboration of local community in super priority destination tourism program in Labuan Bajo
Full text linkThis article is an elaborative description of the adaptive and collaborative forms of local communities in the context of tourism development. The people of Labuan Bajo realize that the environment in which they live for generations has now become the target of the Super Priority Destinations (SPD) program. The research method used is descriptive qualitative research. Data was collected by using in-depth interviews, observations, focus group discussions (FGD) and documentation studies. In Labuan Bajo, the role of the local community is shown through their transformation from a community with the characteristics of fishermen to the tourism industry on a micro basis. The role of local communities must be increased so that they do not only enjoy the crumbs of the big program of Super Priority Destinations (SPD). They are facing a change in economic orientation, where the tourism sector provides new opportunities to improve their welfare. This article strengthens the argument for the importance of collaborating with stakeholders, namely local communities, government, tourism actors (businesses), and academics. The importance of strengthening awareness and more comprehensive local community tourism education can be achieved by encouraging the role of universities. There are at least three stages of strategy that emerged from the results: identification of collaborating stakeholders as a precondition for making commitments, between government, private sector, community, and academia; unit process as a space to determine the right strategy; and unit of results as the alignment of program implementation, consistency of commitment, and the formation of norms in. In this context, universities have a role in producing human resources and conducting research to answer the needs of the tourism industry
Political wisdom of the Kajang "Ammatoa" indigenous community in South Sulawesi
Full text linkDemocracy, which is implemented in Indonesia through general elections (Elections), places the community as a whole as the holder of people\u27s sovereignty. This is guaranteed in the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia (UUD). However, the implementation of people\u27s sovereignty is still a problem, because there is still a low understanding of the people\u27s sovereignty that they have, especially in elections. One component of society that also has political sovereignty is indigenous communities, especially in South Sulawesi, namely the Kajang "Ammatoa" indigenous community. Therefore, this study examines the meaning of political sovereignty in the Kajang indigenous community "Ammatoa" and the local wisdom owned and implemented in the 2019 elections, including the 2020 Regional Head Election (Pilkada) in Bulukumba Regency. The method used is descriptive qualitative, and the processed data is primary and secondary. This research begins with the identification and formulation of problems, data collection, data processing, and analysis, including data classification and reduction, drawing conclusions, and verification. The results of this study; (1) Although the Kajang indigenous community is closed, the application of democratic values has been realized for a long time and has become its main local wisdom in choosing leaders called "ammatoa" (traditional chairmen). That is, "ammatoa" is democratically elected and not because of the principle of blood or hereditary ties (traditional leadership); (2) The meaning of democracy and political wisdom, also expressed in elections and regional elections, "ammatoa" as a leader gives freedom to its citizens to choose according to their beliefs without any intervention. So, even though there are "ammatoa" children who became Caleg in the 2019 elections, they were not elected; (3) responsibility as a citizen is also evident in the high level of participation of the Kajang indigenous community in elections and regional elections, even though initially there were cultural and administrative obstacles. This proves that the Kajang indigenous community has practiced the meaning of popular sovereignty for a long time and has become a form of political wisdom. As a suggestion, it is necessary to make a follow-up study that captures the meaning of people\u27s sovereignty in other indigenous communities as a reference in formulating inclusive election policies in Indonesia.
Minangkabau migration to Tanah Gayo, Aceh: History, Factors, and Impacts
Full text linkThis research examines the migration of the Minangkabau to Tanah Gayo, Aceh. This research aims to describe the history of migration, the factors of migration, and the impact of the migration of the Minangkabau tribe to Tanah Gayo. The method used in this research is an ethnological research method with data sources through literature studies. This study shows that the history of migration of the Minangkabau tribe to Tanah Gayo started in 1915 (during the Dutch colonial period) and continued until post-independence. The Minangkabau tribe came in waves and generally as traders of spices and textiles. The factors that make the Minangkabau migrate to Tanah Gayo are due to economic factors by way of trading, and cultural factors also influence, namely because there is a matrilineal system. In addition, other factors are due to the philosophy of life that recommends migrating, and other factors are due to disputes in the area of origin and the spreading of the Muhammadiyah organization. The impact of the presence of the Minangkabau tribe on the Tanah Gayo community is the condition of Tanah Gayo being multicultural, the recognition of the Muhammadiyah organization, Minang traders who have created a market, and the occurrence of cultural acculturation due to the marriage between the Gayo tribe and the Minangkabau tribe.
Local wisdom as a part of disaster communication: a study on the local storytelling in disaster mitigation
Full text linkLocated between the tectonic plates of Asia and Australia, a zone of high tectonic activity on the Pacific Ring of Fire with a row of mountains and active volcanoes makes Indonesia one of the countries with the highest natural disaster risk in the world. One of the potential disasters that attract attention is the potential for megathrust in southern Java, which has the potential to cause a tsunami of up to 20 meters. Various disaster mitigation efforts were carried out, one of which was to explore disaster mitigation messages in local wisdom and rely on community leaders as bearers of mitigation messages. Using an exploratory case study method, this research seeks to see mitigation messages in local wisdom in Bayah, South Lebak. The role of community leaders is also observed in community-based disaster communication. As a result, it was found that many messages based on local wisdom had content on disaster mitigation and nature conservation. Community leaders have a strategic role as Key Opinion Leader in conveying disaster mitigation messages, both messages based on local wisdom and modern science, to the community
Fighting stigma with Self-Image: The resistance strategy of the pegayaman muslim community in Bali
Full text linkThe stigmatization of the Pegayaman Muslim community has resulted in various forms of violence, both physical and symbolic. The aim of this study is, therefore, to examine how the Pegayaman Muslim community fights stigma by building a positive self-image in the structure of a pluralistic society in Buleleng, Bali. Furthermore, the data used in this study was collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation studies by increasing the number of researchers on the field and analyzed using a three-phase interpretive-critical approach, namely data reduction, data presentation, and verification. The results revealed that the Pegayaman Muslim community faced stigmatization as a result of historical experiences; religious and ethnic ideological discourses; and the construction of reality for various interests. There were different forms of stigma ranging from labeling to discrimination in various social practices. The community responded to this stigma by building a positive self-image. Also, the inhabitants sought to improve their quality of life through economic empowerment, educational awareness, the establishment of Islamic values, building an image as an inclusive and tolerant Islamic community, creating a cohesive space for communication and interaction with the surrounding peoples, and optimizing the role of the media. In this situation, it was found that self-image is an effective strategy that can be used in curbing the inherent stigmawhile increasing the dignity of the inhabitants of a multicultural society
Sasi (Gam): Local wisdom of Koiwai People in managing and utilizing the coastal and marine resources
Full text linkThis article aims to describe and analyze in depth the practice of sasi (gam) in the culture of the Koiwai people in Kaimana Regency. They perceive sasi (gam) as an embodiment of local wisdom in the context of managing and utilizing coastal & marine resources, by highlighting the mechanism for enforcing sasi, sanctions and penalties, as well as analyzing the function and value of sasi for the Koiwai community and what changes have occurred. The method used is descriptive qualitative using an ethnographic approach. The location of the research is in Namatota Island, Kaimana Regency, West Papua Province. I used observation and interviews as data collection techniques. Also, data analysis includes the stages of data reduction, data presentation and data interpretation. The results of the research show that sasi (gam) in the Koiwai people is carried out at sea and on land which aims to maintain the level of resource availability which has implications for the balance of the ecosystem. In addition to conservation purposes, sasi (gam) also has functions and values in social and economic aspects and maintains the order of the Koiwai community. However, on the other hand, there has been a shift caused by internal and external factors that threaten the sustainability of the practice of the sasi
Tracing Bugis ethnicity through the existence of yellow-crested cockatoo in Masakambing Island, Indonesia
Full text linkMasakambing Island has administratively located in the District of Masalembu, Sumenep Regency, East Java province, Indonesia. This island is an endemic habitat for the yellow-crested cockatoo sub-species abbotti (Cacatua sulphurea abbotti). This research aims to discover the history of the people inhabiting Masakambing island and traces of Bugis culture through the existence of the yellow-crested cockatoo. The study was conducted using a qualitative method with an ethnographic design. The study results show that the origin people who inhabited this island were from the Bugis ethnic group. The local name Beka\u27 reflects how the yellow-crested cockatoo is very close to Bugis culture on Masakambing island. Besides, the Bugis ethnic who inhabit Sulawesi island is familiar with the yellow-crested cockatoo, sub-species sulphurea, and djampea. The existence of yellow-crested cockatoos on Masakambing island still triggers questions because the location of Masakambing island is outside the Wallace line, which is not common to find families of parrots such as yellow-crested cockatoos
Qanan: Food Processing in the Culture of the Tehit People in West Papua
Full text linkThis article discusses about qanan which is a way to cook food that is typical for the Tehit tribe. Cooking patterns using qanan bark are not done every day, but only carried out on special rituals, for example, traditional, religious, and government events. The cooking begins with the preparation of meat, mixed with green spices and vegetables. The mixed ingredients that have been seasoned is arranged in the bark that has been dialed into the inside then tied with a rattan strap and roasted on a flame. The baked cooking material was rotated until the wooden skin was black. The surface appearance of black bark is an indicator of cooked meat and vegetables. Furthermore, when the bark is opened, meat and vegetables are removed and ready to be served. We use qualitative research methods in this study, with literature studies, observation, and interviews as data collection methods. The results show the wealth of knowledge and local wisdom of the Tehit ethnic group in processing food traditionally by the method of wrapping food using bark which is known as qanan. The taste of the food processed with the technique has the aroma of bark combined with the addition of spices that seep into the meat and vegetables. In addition, hot steam from combustion causes food to cook quickly and not scorched, and the process of maturation of food ingredients occurs evenly and delicious. The local wisdom of the Tehit people in the land of Papua is the wealth of Indonesia that must be maintained and preserved because the pattern of cooking Qanan is quite healthy since it does not use cooking oil. Patterns of local food processing in Tehit culture can be used as one of the strategies for overcoming cooking oil scarcity
Ethnographic Study of the Marosok Tradition in the Payakumbuh Community Using Pierce Semiotic Analysis
Full text linkThe marosok is a tradition of buying and selling livestock using hand movements and facial expressions in the bargaining process. The marosok tradition has denotative and connotative meanings associated with Minangkabau culture. The purpose of this study was to determine the meaning of denotation and connotation of the marosok tradition with an ethnographic approach using Symbolic Interactionism Theory and semiotic analysis of Pierce. This research method is qualitative by conducting literature study and interviews using snowball sampling technique to M. Azhadi Dt. Bosa as key informant who directs researchers to Desmon Korina and Hadiyati who understand the marosok tradition in the Payakumbuh community. This study shows that the tools, hand movements and expressions in the marosok tradition have meanings that must be understood by the parties involved in the transactions. The sarong is a covering tool that shows marosok tradition is only carried out by men. Finger gestures indicate digits up to millions, increasing, or decreasing bidding. Expressions indicate approval or rejection of the offered price. The marosok tradition ends with handshake and smile between the seller and the buyer. The marosok tradition creates healthy competition where the prices are only known by the parties concerned. However, this process is not transparent, the buyer can only estimate the weight and condition of the livestock by seeing and touching the livestock directly, so the buyer must be very careful in choosing livestock with good quality. The marosok tradition must be maintained so that the media is needed to teach how to do marosok to the younger generation. Apart from being a buying and selling transaction, the marosok tradition can be used as an attraction for tourists to come to Payakumbuh