Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian
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Uji Performansi dan Perbandingan Penggunaan Alat Pemecah Sekam Tipe "Rubber Role" dan Tipe "Wind Pressure" terhadap Hasil Giling
No full textTahapan pengolahan padi yang lengkap meliputi penggabahan (perontokan) padi, pemecahan sekam, pemidahan gabah dari beras pecah kulit, penyosoha, pemutuan (grading) beras, pengarungan dan penaganan dan pemindahan dari satu tahap ke tahap yang lainnya. Tahap ini dapat berbeda pada perusahaan penggilingan yang satu dengan yang lainnnya disebabkan antara lain modal yang tersedia untuk pengadaan mesin pengolahan padi, ketersediaan bahan olah yang cukup, pemerataan pasaran dan mutu beras yang dihasilkan serta kebiasaan konsumsi masyarakat setempat
Penerapan Mekanisasi Pertanian
No full textDengan isu-isu globalisasi, akhir-akhir ini semakin sering terdengar pendapat sejumlah petinggi negara yang menyatakan perlunya modernisasi sektor pertanian, baik melalui ceramah, seminar maupun perbincangan dan wawancara di layar televisi. Tujuanya adalah untuk meningkatkan status petani ke jenjang yang lebih baik, dalam waktu yang lebih singkat guna meningkatkan produktivitas dan pendapatannya. Salah satu sarana yang sudah dianggap sebagai suatu kebutuhan untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut adalah penerapan mekanisasi pertanian. Hal ini antara lain di dorong oleh kenyataan adanya (a) kecenderungan semakin berkurannya tenaga kerja (manusia maupun ternak) di pedesaan, terutama di daerah pedesaan yang letaknya berdekatan dengan kota-kota pusat pertumbuhan ekonomi da (b) kurang produktifnya lahan-lahan pertanian yang sudah disediakan oleh Pemerintah untuk transmigran di luar Jawa, karena tidak tetgarap oleh keterbatasan tenaga keluarga transmigran. Keadaan ini juga dikhaewatirkan akan mengganggu program pemetintahan untuk mempertahankan swasembada pangan, pengembangan produk komodfiti lainnya dan meluasnya lahan tidur (tidak tergarap/tidak produktif)
Soil Moisture Fluctuation on the Gogorancah Cultivation System
Get PDFThe yield of "Gogorancah" or gora (dry seeding rice cultivatiorl)system is affected by the availability of soil moisture in the root zone during ils growing season. This paper is subjected to evaluate Jluctuation of soil water condition on gora system based on water balance analysis. Different planting schedule makes variation of the soil water fluctuation. Simulation for the best time seeding scheduling for "gora" was done by using 10 types of schedule and the result showed that yield of timeseeding in November 5-th was better yield than yield in October. Throuh field experiment which carried out for this study, it was proved that gora systeni save water at least as much as 250 mm/Ha/season or 2500 m3/Ha/season forthe land preparation water demand. The maximum water saving occured when gora syten~ is applied for November planting schedule which rice was cultivated as rainfed method, however, the yield is better than planting in October.Key word: gogorancah system, planting schedule, water saving
Performance of Grain Cleaner APB-M1 in Cleaning of Maize Grain
Get PDFThe research to evaluate perfornlance of grain cleaner APB-MI was conducted in the Research Institute for Maize and Other Cereals tit the beginning of 1998. Five engine circles were tested: 1200, 1350, 1500, I650 and 1800 rpm with three replications. Bisma variety was used us maize grrrin with 13% moisture content (wet basis) and for each replication the amount was 25 kg. The results showed that power transmission efficiency was at the average of 95.0% on the strainer and 94.2% on the blower. Fuel conszrtnptionwas at the rate of 0,81 //hour with average cleaning capacity of 598 kg/hour
Kajian Sifat Fisik Lahan Gambut dalam Hubungan dengan Drainase untuk Lahan Pertanian
Get PDFKajian tentang tanah gambut banyak di lakukan dalam rangkausaha pengembangan lahan gambut sebagai lahan pertanian. Penelitian yang mendasar tentang gambut, khususnya sifat gambut tropika di Indonesia masih sangat terbatas. Pengetahuan tentang sifat gambut tropika sangat penting karena selainsifatnya yang sangat khusus, data tersebut diperlukan apabila ingin mengembangkan lahan gambut sebagai laban pertanian
The more important limitation in process design for agricultural products is the lack of information on their thermal properties. Although a lot of experimental data can be found, the variety of product and the differences ij measurement method make limitation on the value of the available data, especially for indonesia\u27a products. These data are needed to get information about temperature change when product was processed like hetaing or cooling. It is worth to optimize efficiency of energy. The objective of his study is to predict thermal diffusivity and conductivity of carrot. The value was determined numerically with direct and indirect methods. The result shows that thermal conductivity is 0.626 W/moC while thermal diffusivity are 2.51 x 10- m2/s (indirect method) and 2.08 x 10- 7 m2/s (direct method)
Get PDFThe more important limitation in process design for agricultural products is the lack of information on their thermal properties. Although a lot of experimental data can be found, the variety of product and the differences ij measurement method make limitation on the value of the available data, especially for indonesia'a products. These data are needed to get information about temperature change when product was processed like hetaing or cooling. It is worth to optimize efficiency of energy. The objective of his study is to predict thermal diffusivity and conductivity of carrot. The value was determined numerically with direct and indirect methods. The result shows that thermal conductivity is 0.626 W/moC while thermal diffusivity are 2.51 x 10- m2/s (indirect method) and 2.08 x 10- 7 m2/s (direct method
Design and Performance Test of Measuring Apparatus of Dielectric Properties Using Q-Meter Method
Get PDFDielectric heating has received a lot of attention recently. Microwave heating, however, has the problem of noticeable hot and cold spots within a food. Radio frequency (RF) has the potential to overcome this problem because of its longer wavelength and greater penetration depth, which would lead to more uniform distribution of the electric field and thus a more uniform temperature distribution. The dielectric properties are the measure of a sample\u27s response to an electromagnetic field, which vary significantly with frequency, temperature, moisture, and salt content. The potential of a medium to respond to dielectric heating can be characterized by its dielectric properties, which can be strong functions of frequency and temperature. This experiment is aimed to design and test the performance of a measurement apparatus for the dielectric properties, using the Q-meter method
Model and Simulation of Deep-Bed Clove Drying Effect of Fermented Treatment
Get PDFThis paper describes the prediction of deep-bed clove drying. This model also considers mass and heat profile that was affected by fermentation process. This model used the equation of two-dimensional finite difference approximation. The dynamic of two-dimensional equation were solved numerically by alternating direction Crank-Nicolson method and then applied to simulate the changes of moisture content and temperature of cloves during drying process. The capabilities of these models were compared with experimental data obtained from the research under variable conditions such as temperature and relative humidity on fermentation and non-fermentation treatment of cloves. The result of simulation showed that the equilibrium of moisture content (EMC) wasconsiderably decreased whereas the rate of drying was dramatically increased with the increase of the temperature of drying. The profile of moisture content on deep-bed cloves drying was unique. The fermented and non-fermented treatments of the cloves did not give significant differences on the drying time in order to achieve the equilibrium of moisture content
Modifying Tank Model for Study on the Land Use Change Effect to Runoff
Get PDFThe objectives of the research were to modiv the tank model by using infiltration process in the model, based on available daily rainfall data, actual evapotranspiration rates, in 1996 and 1997 for the Cidanau Watershed. The hydrological data were the primary and secondary data. In this study, the prediction of the daily river runoff / discharge was developed by using the modified tank model of the rainfall-runoff processes, and applied to simulate the three land use types in the Cidanau Watershed, comprising of 22 620 Ha. The average coefficient of correlation is 0.81 for the model calibration and validation. The model can also be used to predict river discharge for different land use
Soil-Metal Adhesion Due To the Variation of Soil Compactness and The Soil Moisture Content
No full textSoil, as the nature body, is very important in supporting the live perpetuity of the living creatures. In farm machinery and equipment application for soil tilling, soil also affects the goal of the soil tillage activities. When the soil tillage equipment and machinery are to be applied in the field. there will Qe interaction among the traction device, the blade, and the soil. The soil, which is used as a machine supporter, must have a certain consistency.Consistency is the degree of cohesion and adhesion among soil partides and soil mass resistance to the variation of shape by pressure and strength, that affected the soil deformation