Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian
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EVALUASI ALIRAN PERMUKAAN, EROSI DAN SEDIMENTASI DI SUB DAS CISADANE HULU DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN MODEL AGNPS (AGRICULTURAL NON POINT SOURCE POLLUTION MODEL)
No full textABSTRACT Composition of a good watershed management planning needs accurate information about erosion, runoff and its quality, so that its model for them, middle term and long term goal can be projected. The model had been used is AGNPS (agricultural non point source pollution model) is developed by Robert A. Young, Charles A. Onstad, David D. Bosch. And Wayne P. Anderson in 1987. The Objective of this reseacrh is to looked for the effect of soil conservation had been done with rehabilitation activities plan to watershed condition using AGNPS model wich is divided into two plans. The effect of soil conservation activieties by a better plan wich is suited with Upper Cisadane Watershed could decreased runoff volume, runoff peak rate, annual erosion and sediment weight into 20% so that it could repaired the condition of Upper Cisadane Watershed wich is dangerouse before. Keyword: AGNPS, runoff, erosion, sediment, soil conservation, plan Diterima: 9 Mei 2006; Disetujui: 30 Mei 200
PEMERIKSAAN MUTU KARET RSS MENGGUNAKAN PENGOLAHAN CITRA
No full textABSTRACT Evaluation of ribbed smoked sheet (RSS) quality is commonly done manually through an assessment of rubber sheet surface appearance based on its unifromity and brightness of color, and also existence of physical defect like air bulb, with spot and spotted by fungus prior to classification into RSS-1, RSS-2 and of RSS-3. This reseacrh aimed to develop a method to evaluate RSS quality using image processing. Each 40 sheets of simple in a size of 30x25 cm was capture using a CCD camera from 40 cm distance with a resultion 341x256 Pixels. The characteristics observed were RBG index, HSI color components, and textural features. Three goups of sample could be discriminated using blue color index with 80.0%, 82.5% forRSS-1, 60.0% for RSS-2 and 97.5%, ForRSS-3. Grading based on HSI color modelgave better result with 86%, 77.5%, 85.0% and 95.0% accuracy for the RSS-1, RSS-1 and RSS-3, respectively. The computer-based grading indicated that the classification by computer using HSI component was more reliabe than manually grading.In conclusion, the developed algorithm was able to classify 120 samples and corrected some of miss-classification by manual grading. Keyword: image processing, ribbed smoked sheet, gradin
Simulasi Transportasi dengan Pengemasan untuk Cabai Merah Keriting Segar
No full textAbstract Red chili is one of agricultural commodity which is needed by people and has high economic value.Because it’s not long-lasting product and always needed in fresh product, the appropriate packaging method and good transportation become a postharvest critical point for maintain the freshness of product in the time of distribution until on the costumer hand. The objective of this research was to do the transport simulation with bulk packaging for fresh curly red chili and to observe the effect of simulation and packaging to weight losses, mechanical losses, scattered losses, hardness, color and water content. Packaging method was performed in 2 kind of package which are cardboard box and plastic crate. Transport simulation was performed with 2 treatments which are 2.9 Hz frequency and 3.2 cm amplitude during 228 minutes and 3.9 Hz frequency and 4.2 cm amplitude during 173 minutes. This research compared the ability of the packages (plastic crate and carton box) to maintain the quality of curly red chili which is viewed in some aspects i.e. weight losses, mechanical loses, scattered losses, hardness, color and water content. Keywords: red chili, postharvest, packaging, transport simulation Abstrak Cabai merah adalah salah satu komoditas pertanian yang dibutuhkan masyarakat dan bernilai ekonomis yang tinggi. Karena tidak tahan lama dan selalu dibutuhkan dalam bentuk segar, cara pengemasan yang tepat serta transportasi yang baik menjadi titik kritis pascapanen untuk menjaga kesegaran produk pada saat didistribusikan sampai didapati oleh konsumen. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah melakukan simulasi transportasi dengan pengemasan curah pada cabai merah keriting segar dan melihat pengaruh kondisi dan lama getar serta pengemasan terhadap susut bobot, susut mekanis, susut tercecer, kekerasan, derajat warna dan kadar air pada cabai merah keriting segar. Pengemasan dilakukan pada 2 jenis kemasan yaitu kemasan karton (kardus) dan keranjang plastik. Simulasi transportasi cabai dilakukan dengan 2 perlakuan yaitu frekuensi 2.9 Hz dan amplitudo 3.2 cm selama 228 menit dan frekuensi 3.9 Hz dan amplitudo 4.2 cm selama 173 menit. Penelitian ini membandingkan kemampuan kedua kemasan (keranjang plastik dan kardus) untuk mempertahankan kualitas cabai keriting segar. Susut bobot, mekanis dan tercecer dialami pada kedua kemasan tetapi yang tertinggi pada keranjang plastik. Perubahan kekerasan dialami cabai pada kedua kemasan setelah simulasi transportasi. Perubahan warna terlihat dari penurunan nilai L, a, b pada cabai setelah disimulasikan. Kata kunci: cabai merah, pascapanen, pengemasan, simulasi transportasi Diterima: 7 Desember 2012; Disetujui: 25 Maret 201
Penentuan Konstanta Resesi Hidrograf Menggunakan Metode Plot Semi Logaritmik (Studi Kasus di Sub DAS Goseng)
No full textRecession curve is a spesific part of stream hygrograph after it reachs peak flow and it represents the withdrawal of groundwater from storage. Daily recession constant of surface runoff, interflow, and baseflow have been derived for 15 segments on Goseng subwatershed with area approximately 596 ha.Semi logarithmic plot is recession analysis method which plotting stream discharge in y-ordinate and time in x-coordinate in semi logarithmic scale. The start of time recession is denoted by a straight line in the graphic. This method was used for separating a hydrograph into linear components of surface runoff, interflow, and baseflow. The results of the research shows that recession segment from daily hydrographhas short time and does not have all three stream components. A short segment can only be divided into two flow components. Separation pattern for water catchment area are baseflow-interflow, baseflow-surfacerunoff, and interflow-surface runoff. Recession constant value differ from year to year but the differences do not have great influence in determining the average value of recession constant.Keywords : surface runoff, interflow, base flow, recession constant, semi logarithmic plotDiterima: 26 Agustus 2008; Disetujui: 3 Pebruari 200
Rekayasa Pemekaran dan Tekstur Keripik Buah Nangka Selama Penggorengan Vakum
No full textRising and development also hard and crispy are the specific characteristic of the fry product that acceptableby consumer. To produce rising and texture of the fry product according to the consumer requirement it wasnecessary to control process conditions, take account of characteristic and transformation of raw materialduring frying process. The change of volume (rising and shrinkage) and texture (hardness and crispy) arehappened during frying process of food materials. Volume and texture change were predicted affected byevaporation of water and decreasing of starch content on solidity. This research is done with aim to developmodel of Jackfruit texture and volume change during vacuum frying caused by decreasing of water contentand starch content. As the sample of the research was used the fresh Jackfruit frying on vacuum withtemperature of 70, 80, 90 and 100 OC, with frying duration of 15 to 60 minute and with vacuum pressure of80, 85, 90 kPa. The analyses parameters were consist of volume, texture, water content, and starch contentof the sample before and after frying. Result of the research shows that the higher of the temperature andpressure of the vacuum frying the lower of the starch content and water content of the jackfruit chip. Themathematical model that was developed can be used to predict the change of the jackfruit’s chip textureand volume during vacuum frying.Keywords : jackfruit, vacuum frying, Chip, textureDiterima: 7 Mei 2009; Disetujui: 16 September 200
Rancang Bangun Sistem Sortasi Cerdas Berbasis Pengolahan Citra untuk Kopi Beras
Get PDFAbstrack Coffee has good prospects as a motor of development in Indonesia agribusiness and agroindustry, therefore needs to be handled properly and professionally. Grading process in commercial green coffee asgrain commodity is still done manually. This process has the disadvantage of low efficiency, objectivity and the level of consistency. Therefore weneed a machine that can workautomatically to classify the quality of the green coffee by visual inspection. Theobjective of this study was to design the green coffee sorting machine controlled by a computer based on image processing program consisted of conveyor belt, the image capture station used twodigital cameras, and the parallelsimulator divider. The design of sorting machine was used for the development of the green coffee sorting system that will categorizeinto four quality classes based on the qualifications according to the standard of SCAA ( Specialty Coffee Association of America). Keyword: Sorting Machine, green coffee, image procesing, computer programDiterima: 14 Juli 2010; Disetujui: 11 Oktober 201
Effect of Heat Shock Treatment and Aloe Vera Coating to Chilling Injury Symptom in Tomato (Lycopersicon asculantum Mill.)
Get PDFAbstract This research was undertaken to determine the effect of length in heat shock and edible coating as pre-storage treatment to Chilling Injury (CI) symptom reflected by ion leakage induced and quality properties in tomato (Lycopersicon asculantum Mill.). Heat Shock Treatment (HST) was conducted at three different levels of length, which were, 20; 40 and 60 min. Edible coating was conducted using aloe vera gel. The result showed that HST and Aloe Vera Coating (AVC) were more effective to reduce CI symptom at lower chilling storage. Prolong exposure to heated water may delay climacteric peak. The length of heat shock, AVC treatment and low temperature storage significantly affected the tomato quality parameter but not significantly different for each treatment except weight loss. HST for 20 min at ambient temperature was significantly different to other treatment. Keywords: heat shock treatment, aloe vera coating, ion leakage, chilling injury, tomato Abstrak Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh lama perlakuan panas (heat shock ) dan pelapisan bahan edibelsebagai perlakuan awal sebelum penyimpanan, terhadap gejala chilling injury (CI) yang diekspresikan sebagai terjadinya kebocoran ion (ion leakage) dan perubahan mutu pada tomat (Lycopersicon asculantum Mill.). Heat Shock Treatment (HST) dilakukan dengan pada 3 (tiga) tingkat lama perlakuan yang berbeda, yakni 20, 40 dan 60 menit. Pelapisan bahan edibel dilakukan dengan menggunakan gel lidah buaya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa HST dan pelapisan lidah buaya (Aloe Vera Coating/AVC) lebih efektif dalam menurunkan gejala CI pada penyimpanan dengan suhu lebih rendah. Pencelupan pada air panas yang lebih lama dapat menunda pencapaian puncak klimakterik. Lamanya perlkuan panas, perlakuan AVC dan penyimpanan dengan suhu rendah secara signifikan berpengaruh terhadap parameter mutu tomat, akan tetapi tidak berbeda nyata jika perlakuan tersebut bersifat tunggal, kecuali pada parameter susut bobot. Perlakuan panas (HST) selama 20 menit pada suhu ruang berbeda secara sigifikan dibandingkan perlakuan lainnya. Kata Kunci : perlakuan panas (HST), pelapisan lidah buaya,ion leakage, chilling injury, tomat. Diterima: 27 Oktober 2011; Disetujui: 02 Januari 2012
Kajain Dasar Mekanisme Pemisah Biji Buah Asam (Tamarindus indica Leguminosae sp ) Dalam Rangka Perancangan Prototipe Mesin Pengolah Asam Tanpa Biji
No full textABSTRAK Pemisahan biji dan daging buah asam merupakan tantangan dalam pemecahan masalah saat ini yaitu teknologi mekanisasi atau mesin pertanian. Penelitian ini bertujuan membuat suatu kajian dasar mekanisme pemisahan biji buah asam (Tamarindus indica sp) dalam rangka perancangan mesin pengolah asam tanpa biji. Model awal dari alat mesin pemisah biji asam dengan mempelajari konsep perancangan terhadap kinerja unit penyayat dan pemisah biji asam. Perancangan awal bagian pemisahan biji dan daging buah terdiri dari unit penyayatan untuk menyayat buah asam sebelum buah asam ke unit pengupas yang terdiri dari dua buah silinder pengupas. Unit pengupas dipasang sejajar sehingga mampu melewatkan daging yang terpisah dan tetap menahan biji asam yang akan dipisahkan dengan unit pemisah biji. Model prototipe awal dari alsin pemisah biji asam telah berhasil dibuat, pada uji model dilakukan pengukuran kecepatan putar dari poros pengupas pada rpm 1065 yang efektif pada tingkat beban yang diuji yaitu pada 100 gram, 200 gram, dan 300 gram. Pengukuran torsi pengupasan menunjukan nilai torsi terjadi peningkatan yang cukup signifikan dengan naiknya tingkat beban untuk semua perlakuan, nilai torsi terbesar terjadi pada kecepatan putar 890 rpm dengan nilai torsi sebesar 1,45 Nm pada tingkat beban yang diberikan sebesar 300 gram. Sedangkan pada kecepatan putar 1220 rpm nilai torsi yang terjadi adalah 1,17 Nm dengan tingkat beban yang di berikan sebesar 300 gram. Kata Kunci : Kajian dasar, kinerja, buah asam, pemisah biji ABSTRACT The process of fruit and seed separation on Tamarind is a challenge for agricultural mechanization technology that must be solved. The purpose of this study is to develop a basic study of the Tamarind fruit separation mechanism (Tamarindus indica sp) as a part of design process on Tamarind seedless processing machine. Initial design of Tamarind seeds separation machine was made by studying the work of slashing unit and seed separation unit. Tamarind seedless processing machine consist of slicer and peeler. The slicer function is to slice the fruit before it sent into peeler unit which contains two cylindrical peeler. The peeler unit installed parallel so it let through the fruit pulp but still hold the Tamarind seeds that had been separated by the separator unit. Tamarind seeds separation prototype model has been succesfully made. Model testing was done by measuring the rotary speed of spindle peelers on 1065 rpm which considered work effectively for the test load of 100 grams, 200 grams and 300 grams. Further, shaft torque measurements in the process of peeling showed a significant increase in value and it is proportional to the increase in load level for all treatments. Greatest torque happened at 890 rpm rotation speed with a value of 1.45 Nm at 300 gram load. While the rotary speed of 1220 rpm produce 1.17 Nm torque at 300 grams load. Keywords : Basic study, performance, tamarind, seed separato
Getaran Akibat Gangguan Secara Alami
No full textThis paper discusses the phenomenon of self-excited vibration in some physical model including its applications in some different engineering field. The referred physical model include the impact damper and its application for damping the vibration of shear building, chatter phenomenon on machine tools, ride comfort on agricultural machinery and stick-slip phenomenon and its benefit on vibration subsoiler. It is intended that this paper could provide a global overview on phenomenon-of self-excited vibration. Keywords: self-excited, vibration, stick-slip, subsoile Diterima: 03 Januari 2008; Disetujui: 12 Mei 200
DESAIN RODA BESI BERSIRIP TRAKTOR DUA-RODA DENGAN BANTUAN (CAD).
No full textAbstract Traction performance of a cage wheel for two-wheel tractor depends on its shape dimension, lugs materials and soil condition. In order to get the optimum design of the cage wheel, the relation betwen tractor, implement and soil condition should be considered carefully. The objective of this research was to determine optimum design parameter of cage wheel based on working condition of tractor and to make a computer program for design analysis and for producing engineering drawing of the cage wheels. Soil condition and two-wheel tractor construction were measured and the data was used for getting the optimum design parameters by using optimization method. A computer program was developed and employed for the optimization process and for drawing the design result. As a trial of the program, the optimum design parameters of cage wheel for Yanmar YST-EX tractor working at Sawah Baru rice field were found to be: 80 cm of wheel diameter: 10 lugs: 19.63 cm x 9.68 c, of lug size; and 20o of lug angle. The result revealed that the program could determine the optimum design parameters and could produce the engineering drawing of the cage wheel property. Keyword: cage wheel. Design parameter, engineering drawing, computer program