Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian
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Analisis Antropometri terhadap Ruang Kendali Traktor Roda Empat Buatan Jepang ‘K’ dan Eropa ‘N’
Get PDFABSTRACT Four-wheeled tractor is one of the most important agricultural machine tools that used in activity of soil tillage. Most of the four wheeled tractor in Indonesia specially designed not for local operators because the design mostly followed by average size operators from the country that create the tractor, especially in the workstation design. Ergonomics approaching of anthropometry analysis have intended to determine safety and comfort level of operator duringoperation the tractor. Anthropometry analysis includes observation natural range of movements (ROM) from Jetis’s farmers in operation the control device toward workstationof tractor made in Japan ‘K’ and Europe ‘N’.This analysis alsodetermine optimum range of control devices was controlled by the hands or feet operator. The result revealed that a positions of the control device in tractor made in Japan ‘K’ were situated inside the functional reach envelope operator of a 5th, 50th, and 95th percentile male Jetis’s farmers. According to analysis result, the tractor made in Japan ‘K’ is more compatible for Jetis’s farmers than tractor made in Europe ‘N’. Keywords: anthropometry, four wheeled tractor, workstatio
Modifikasi Mesin Penyiang dan Penggulud Tipe Bajak Dua Sayap dan Uji Kinerjanya Pada Tiga Jenis Tanah
No full textThe machine performance test of power weeder in the heavy soil shows that: Low cannot penetration, High rolling resistance and Gear box was very hot. The objectives research were: 1). Modification the power weeder for applied to the diversity texture of soil, 2). to know performance tne rubber wheel compare to iron wheel and 3). to know performance test the coulter. The methods used are: 1) to measure the land condition, such as: moisture content of soil, penetratIon resistance, shear stress, average mass diameter and roughness surface. 2) to test machine performance, such as: weeded percentage, rolling wheel, forward velocity, gasoline consumed and weeded capacity in the tree researches located. The result of the research were: 1) Design of the iron wheel can be applied to three kind of soil (light, moderate and heavy soil). In the heavy soil (Kendalpayak) weed percentage 58.33%, fuel consumption 1.231 hour1 and weed capacity was 13.17 hours ha-1; 2) Design of the rubber wheel can applied in the light soil (Muneng); 3). Coulter can be applied in ligh and moderate soil for the moisture content of soil was 21.70%. Keywords: Modification power weeder, iron wheel, gear box, coulter. Diterima: 5 Maret 2008; Disetujui: 28 Juli 200
ANALISIS VENTILASI ALAMIAH UNTUK MODIFIKASI RUMAH KACA STANDARD PEAK TIPE CURAM
No full textABSTRACT In tropical region, greenhouses are built to protect plant from heavy rain and insects. However, climatic conditions in the tropics are often ignored by greenhouse designers. In such hot and humid environment, antural ventilation is the most important factors to be considered. There is no cost required to operate the natural ventilation, but it needs an accurate openings design. This paper deals with a modification analysis of the steep-type standard peak greenhouse where inside air temperature was very high. A computer program has been developed to calculate neutral pressure plane and natural ventilation rate. It was used in simulation to predict natural ventilation rate in five alternatives of modified and two alternatives of newly designed greendhouse. An alternative of modified greenhouse design was selected according to the highest natural ventilation rate at the lowest cost. Keyword
PENGARUH LINTASAN TRAKTOR TANPADAN PEMBERIAN BAHAN ORGANIK TERHADAP PEMADATAN TANAH DAN KERAGAAN TANAMAN KACANG TANAH
No full textABSTRACT The amendment of organic matter into soil can improve the soil condition and prevent soil comaction caused by tractor traffice. The aims of this research are to know the influence or tractor traffic and organic matter on nature of physical mechanic of soil, analyze the influence of tractor traffic and organic matter on performance of soil tillage and to know the influence of soil compaction on performance of peanut crop. This research was conducted in leuwikopo farm (dry land) and in the laboratory for soil analyze. The result show that tractor traffic and organic matter treatmen have effect to soil compaction and performance peanuut crop. The highest value of bulk density is 1.2 g / cm3 at 6 traffic with the organic matter doses 4 ton /ha /hatreatment. The biggest number of pods is 25 pod / tree there is at 2 traffic with pod / tree at 6 traffic without organic matter treatment. Keyword: Tractor traffic, organic matter, soil compaction. Diterima: 27 Pebruari 2006; Disetujui: 23 Juli 200
RANCANG BANGUN SISTEM PEMANTAUAN DAN PERINGATAN DINI PARAMETER LINGKUNGAN MIKRO BUDIDAYA TANAMAN PADA RUMAH TANAMAN BERBASIS SMS (SHORT MESSAGE SERVICE)
No full textABSTRACT SMS (Short Message Service) is one of technology can be use alternative to develop greenhouse micro climate monitoring and alert system. This technology selected because of simplicity in information access and widely spread use as comunication tools. The purpose of this research is to develop greenhouse Micro Climate Monitoring and Alert System by combining SMS technology, Portable Weather Station and Mobile FBUS V 1.5. System test performance for variouse provider shows the result wihch vary. The results shows that this system can be applied as monitoring and alert system technology. The performance test shows thaht the average of time service from all communication providers is 24,45 second, with 2.65 lag time. Keyword: Greenhouse, Micro Climate, SMS.n Diterima: 29 September 2006; Disetujui: 16 Nopember 200
Kajian Rekayasa Proses Penggorengan Hampa dan Kelayakan Usaha Produksi Keripik Pisang
Get PDFAbstract Vacuum frying is a new technology that can be used to improve quality attributes of fried food because of low temperatures process. The objectives of this study is to assess the effects of oil temperatures and exposure time of frying on physic-chemical and organoleptic properties of banana chips to get a better guality products, to determine packaging material that can extend shelf life of banana chips, to predict shelf life of banana chips using the method of acceleration and to calculate production costs and the business feasibility of vacuum fried banana chips. The quality parameters tested include water content, fat content, colour, thickness and organoleptic test. Banana chips were fried in oils with temperature of 60, 70, 80, and 90°C and time of frying 30, 45, 60 and 75 minutes. The result showed that the temperature and frying time is significantly influence the quality and characteristics of the products. The best quality of banana chips obtained at frying temperature of 80°C for 60 minutes. Aluminum foil can maintain the shelf life of banana chips for 115 days of storage, while the PP is only for 70.6 days of storage based on water content parameter. Banana chips business eligible to run if production capacity is 4 kg or more. Keywords: banana, vacuum fryer, self life, the feasibility Abstrak Penggorengan vakum adalah sebuah teknologi baru yang dapat digunakan untuk meningkatkan kualitas makanan gorengan (keripik) dengan proses suhu rendah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji pengaruh suhu minyak dan waktu penggorengan terhadap sifat fisiko-kimia dan organoleptik keripik pisang sehingga didapatkan produk dengan kualitas terbaik, menentukan jenis kemasan yang dapat memperpanjang umur simpan keripik pisang, untuk menduga umur simpan keripik pisang dengan menggunakan metode akselerasi dan menghitung biaya produksi dan kelayakan usaha keripik pisang dengan penggorengan vakum. Parameter kualitas yang diuji meliputi kadar air, kadar lemak, warna, ketebalan dan uji organoleptik. Keripik pisang digoreng dalam minyak dengan suhu 60, 70 80, dan 90 ° C dan waktu penggorengan 30, 45, 60 dan 75 menit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa suhu dan waktu penggorengan secara signifikan mempengaruhi kualitas dan karakteristik produk. Kualitas terbaik dari keripik pisang diperoleh pada suhu penggorengan 80 ˚ C selama 60 menit. Aluminium foil dapat mempertahankan umur simpan keripik pisang selama 115 hari penyimpanan, sedangkan PP hanya 70,6 hari penyimpanan berdasarkan parameter kadar air. Bisnis keripik pisang memenuhi syarat untuk dijalankan jika kapasitas produksinya 4 kg atau lebih. Kata Kunci: Pisang, penggorengan vakum, umur simpan, kelayakan usahaDiterima: 27 Mei 2011 ; Disetujui: 16 September 201
Rancang Bangun Alat Pengupas Kulit Ari Kacang Tanah (Arachis hypogaea) Tipe Engkol
Get PDFAbstrac One cause of reduced productivity of peanut husk is peeled peeling process is still done manually, using the power of man. To overcome this, a system designed to cuticle peeling peanuts which facilitates mechanical stripping process peanut husk. Peeling epidermis is mechanically done by using two rubber-covered rollers are designed to be able to peel the peanut husk easily. Having conducted research, produced peeler bean husk, which consists of, Hopper, stringer system, the framework, dirt thrower fan / epidermis, and hoppers expenses. From the test results from test 10 times, each repetition is about 100 grams paring the results obtained about 70% whole shelled peanuts. Or can be calculated with engine capacity of about 35 kg / hr with a percentage split of about 35%, it is because the rubber on the roll is less balanced / less flashlight, so the workmanship is required with appropriate accuracy by using a lathe. Keywords: epidermis stripper mechanical peanuts, roll stripper, Fan separator Abstrak Salah satu penyebab yang menghambat produktivitas pengupasan kulit ari kacang tanah adalah karena proses pengupasan masih dilakukan secara manual , DENGAN menggunakan tenaga manusia. Untuk mengatasi hal tersebut, sistem ini dibuat untuk mengupas kulit ari kacang tanah dengan proses pemisahan kulit ari kacang tanah secara mekanik. Pemisahkan kulit ari dilakukakn secara mekanik dengan menggunakan dua roller yang dilapisi karet, yang didesain agar bisa mengupas kulit ari dengan mudah. Melalui penelitian yang telah dilakukan, pembuatan pemisah kulit ari kacang tanah terdiri dari bagian hopper (mulut pemasukan), bagian sistem pengupas, rangka mesin, kipas pelempar kulit ari, dan hopper penampung. Dari hasil pengujian 10 kali ulangan, dengan jumlah 100 gr setiap pengulangan, didapatkan 70% kulit ari kacang tanah terkupas. Atau jika dihitung, dihasilkan kapasitas mesin sebesar 35 kg/jam dan persentase pemisahan 35%, itu karena karet pada roller tidak terlalu seimbang, sehingga pekerja membutuhkan akurasi yang tepat dengan mengunakan mesin pemotong. Kata kunci: kipas separator, roll strippe
Pendekatan Analitik untuk Menduga Koefisien Pindah Panas Konveksi
No full textConvective heat transfer coefficient has an important role in thermal processes. It is commonly determined and formulated using empirical models, while some workers have also proposed formulas based on analytical methods. This paper describes the formulation of convective heat transfer coefficient using an analytical approach which could be expressed as h = 5.277 V0.5Keywords: convective heat transfer coefficient, analytical approach Diterima: 11 Juni 2007; Disetujui: 24 September 200
KELAYAKAN TEKNO-EKONOMI SISTEM IRIGASI CURAH, TETES DAN KENDI PADA BUDIDAYA TANAMAN MELON (Cucumis Melo, L.)
No full textABSTRACT The objective of this study was to determine the most suitable irrigation system consisted of sprinkler, drip and picther for melon crof cultivation in dry land having the same soil type, as well as to evaluate its financial feasibility at business scale.the study was conducted in two stages. The first stage was planting of melon cropof Sky Rocket variety using each of the irrigation systems. The second stage was to carry out analysis on the technical and financial feasibilities. The technical feasibility consisted of water supply analysis, evapotranspiration analysis, efficiency of land that could be utilized, whereas the financial feasibility consisted of NPV, Net B/C, BEP and sensitivy analysis. The result showed that the three irrigation systemswere technically feasible to be applied for melon crop cultivation. This was shomn by normal weekly growth of melon crop and good average production yield of the melon crop. The three irrigation systems (sprinkler, drip and pitcher) were financially feasible as they had NPV and Net B/C values that were greater than the reference values. Results of sensitivity analysis to 10% of cost increase and 10% of selling price decrease showed that the three irrigation systems above were still feasible to be applied for melon crop cultivation as their NPV and B/C values were greater than the refrence values.. Keyword : melon, technical and financial feasibility, sensitivity analysis
PERENCANAAN GOLONGAN PEMBERIAN AIR UNTUK OPTIMASI PENYALURAN AIR MENGGUNAKAN ALGORITMA GENETIK
No full textABSTRACT This paper presents the improvement of block system planning of irrigation water in cikarang area for optimization of the irrigation water distribution by using Genetic Algorithm. A genotype representation of spatial allocation was proposed: a fixed-length genotype composed of four genes that represent spatial allocation determined by greedy algorithm. The process of optimizing genotype includes evaluation, selection, crossover, and mutation,. Evaluation process determined the fitness of the genotype based on the distance of water sources, availability of irrigation water, labor, mechines and delay of harvesting opertion of last-season crop. Several types of selection, crossover and mutation were tested to obtain the best processing sequence for optimizing the genotype. This approach was comared to a real block system problem determined by Perum Jasa Tirta II and the adventages of the approach were identified. Keyword: representasi, Algoritma Genetik, Irigas