Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian
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PEMBUATAN La0,8Ca0,2MnO3 SEBAGAI KATODA PADA SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELL (SOFC) DAN KARAKTERISASINYA
No full textABSTRACT The making of La0,8Ca0,2MnO3 cathode material of solid oxide fuel cell from lanthanum oxide (La2O3), calcium oxide (CaO), and manganese carbonate hydrate (MnCO3.H2O) has been done using tape casting method. Time of firing the La0,8Ca0,2MnO3 varied. The values of t = 30 minutes, 60 minutes and 120 minutes. Microstructure of these materials was analyzed and characterized by means of their electric conductivity, XRD (x ray diffraction) and SEM (scanning electron microscope). It is found that formulated micro structure is orthorhombic. The result of measurement shows that density is in linear (positive) correlation with increasing of holding time of firing, porosity and coefficient of thermal expansion is negatively correlated with density and electric conductivity is in linear (positive) correlation with increase density. Diterima: 26 Pebruari 2007, Disetujui: 13 Mei 200
SISTEM RESIRKULASI AIR TERKENDALI PADA PEMBENIHAN IKAN PATIN (Pangasius hypophthalmus)
No full textABSTRACT This research was conducted to design a controlled fish hatchery system. This research dealt win 1) Designs of water recirculation and filtration system, 2) Water level control system, and 3) Tests of recirculation end filtration system for fish hatchery. Recirculation system was built in an insulated room with dimension of 6 x 4 x 3 m, used six aquariums, a sedimentation tank, a filtration unit, a water supply tank, a submersible pump and pipe with 1.25 cm in diameter. Multilayer horizontal filtration unit was used. The system consisted of mechanical filter layer, biological filter layer, and chemical filter layer. On-off controller was designed to control the pump. Pressure sensor model HTVN-100KP was used to detect the water level. The water level controller could control filtration process successfully. This water recirculation system was appropriated for practical uses. This system could decrease water use and saved energy considerably. Diterima: 16 Mei 2007, Disetujui: 18 Mei 200
MATHEMATICAL MODEL TO PREDICT THE CAPACITY OF FRESH PRODUCE MARKET
No full textABSTRACT Deregulation policies for the supply chain of agricultural products brought not only a rapid increase in fresh produce that were trensectcd in most of wholesale markets in Indonesia. but also the difficulty in striking an appropriate balance between the expansion of the profit from these transactions and the control of environmental damages in the market as well as surrounding areas, In this study. engineering tieldwork was carried out for totally nine months since 2000, and then a market capacity model has been proposed to predict maximum acceptable amount of incoming products per unit ereaa in the market. The model calculation was based on the standardized unit area in the market. The model was applied to the average amount of daily incoming products to estimate minimal floor space for each product in the market, and then the results indicated that the market capacity should be 15% larger than that in 2003 to solve the overstocks of the products in all the passages of the market. However, it would be difficult to provide sufficient floor space of fresh produce in the market if the number of wholesalers reaches almost the double, as planned by the merket authority, after the completion of the reconstruction project. Therefore, the supply chains should be radically improved to attain the rationalized market in Jakarta, including the abolishment of the regulation related to the status of the market as the only central wholesale market. Keywords : Engineering fieldwork, mathematical model, maximum acceptable amount, minimal floor space. supply chain Diterima: 17 Juli 2007; Disetujui: 19 Austus 2007
PENENTUAN KONDlSI PENGUKURAN NIR TERBAIK UNTUK PENENTUAN KANDUNGAN PADATAN TERLARUT BUAH MANGGA SECARA TIDAK MERUSAK MENGGUNAKAN NEAR INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY
No full textABSTRACTA search for the best NIR experimental condition for nondestructive soluble solids content prediction in mango fruit using near infrared spectroscopy was performed. In this study four treatments that was different in integration time and number of scanning was proposed. A number of 54 mango fruits (Mangifera indica var. Indramayu) were used as samples. The samples were divided into two groups, 27 samples for developing calibration equation and 27 samples for performing validation. Using a portable spectrometer, spectra for each samples was acquired in diffuse reflectance mode at six positions. The SSC of mango was measured using the refraktometer. The Partial Least Squares (PLS) Regression was used to develop a calibration equation. The result showed that the best calibration equetion could be generated from the condition: integration time was 100 ms and number of scanning was 50 scans. Using this condition, the calibration equation resulted in high coefficient of determination (R2 = 0.85), low standard error of calibration, low standard error of prediction and also low bias. Keywords: integration time, number of scanning, calibration equation, soluble solids content; near infrared spectroscopy Diterima: 3 Nopember 2007: Disetujui: 30 Nopember 2007
Rancang Bangun Incubator dengan Suhu dan Kelembaban Udara Terkendali untuk Penetasan Telur Ulat Sutera
Get PDFAbstractSilkworms were the poikilothermic animals with life cycle strongly affected by environment condition such as temperature, humidity, light and wind. In other the silkworm’s egg hatcheries uniformly at the sameday, it was considered necessary to use the temperature and humidity controllable room (incubation room) according to their optimum hatcheries condition. The incubation room consisted of four actuators i.e: theheater, the cooler, the mist maker, and the water content absorber. All of that actuators were controlled based on the output signal from the sensor (SHT11). In this research the temperature was controlled at the value of 25°C, while the humidity was controlled at the value of 75 %. The experimental result of the incubator machine without silkworm egg shown that the incubator was able to control the temperature at the value of 25°C with maximum 25.4°C. It was also able to control humidity at optimum interval i.e: 73.9 % to 76.1 %. Experimental result with silkworm egg showed that the incubator was able to increase the uniformity of the hatcheries day, even though the hatcheries day was late about two days compared to the conventional method.Key words: incubator, controllable room, hatchery, silkworms egg.AbstrakUlat sutera tergolong hewan poikilotermik yaitu siklus hidupnya sangat dipengaruhi oleh kondisi lingkungan (suhu, kelembaban, cahaya dan angin). Supaya telur ulat sutera menetas secara seragam padahari yang sama, maka perlu digunakan ruang yang suhu dan kelembabannya dapat dikendalikan pada nilai optimum penetasannya. Rancangan ruang inkubasi terdiri dari empat unit aktuator yaitu: pemanas, pendingin, pengkabut dan penyerap uap air. Keempat perangkat tersebut dikendalikan berdasarkan nilai pengukuran yang dihasilkan oleh sensor suhu dan kelembaban jenis SHT11. Pada penelitian ini suhu dikendalikan pada nilai 25°C dan kelembaban pada nilai 75%. Hasil pengujian pada kondisi tanpa telur menunjukkan bahwa incubator mampu mempertahankan suhu pada nilai 25°C dengan suhu maksimum25.4°C demikian juga untuk kelembaban dipertahankan pada selang nilai 73.9 % sampai 76.1 %. Hasil pengujian pada kondisi dengan telur ulat sutera Bombyx mori L. menunjukkan bahwa incubator mampumeningkatkan keseragaman hari penetasan telur namun penetasannya lebih lambat dua hari dibandingkan dengan metoda konvensional.Kata kunci: inkubator, ruang terkendali, penetasan, telur ulat sutera.Diterima: 20 Maret 2013; Disetujui: 02 Juli 201
KAJIAN ENERGI KEMOREAKSI KAPUR API UNTUK PENGERINGAN BENIH CABE MERAH
No full textABSTRACT This research was aimed to study the energy potential of quicklime stone chemoreaction for the application to drying process of red chilli seeds. The experiment demonstrated that chemoreaction energy released from wafer reaction with CaO containing lime stone could be used for drying process of chilli seeds at ambient temperature to a very low moisture, varying of 2.5 - 3.7 % wb. The chemoreaction energy released from reaction between lime stone and plane water was 1.06 kJ/g lime stone. At excessive water condition partcle sizes of lime stone did not affect chemoresctton energy. but smstter size psttictes enhanced tile energy release from the reaction. Using three particle sizes of lime stone the energy efficiency for drying of red chilli seeds ranged 54.0 - 64.0 % and for plane water evaporation ranged 57.4 – 71.6 %. The energy effectiveness for chilli seeds drying was 4.7 kJ/g water and for plane water evaporation was 4.1 kJ/g, implying the presence of bound water in the chilli seeds. Diterima: 1 Juni 2006; Disetujui: 21 Maret 2007
ANALISIS KESALAHAN PERHITUNGAN LAJU ALlRAN UDARA PADA PENDINGINAN RUMAH TANAMAN DENGAN SISTEM PENGKABUTAN
No full textABSTRACT Greenhouse cooling with fogging system is important to be studied in improving design of greenhouses. The process is not about cooling the air only but also humidifying. This study aims at evaluating the variables that contribute on error in air flow rate calculation. Furthermore, effects of enthalpy reading from the psychrometric chart on air flow rate calculation has been studied also. Herewith, parameters optimization and error analysis of the air flow rate equation were carried out. Data was taken from a multispan greenhouse which had cover material of PE 150 µm, 105.6 m wide and 205 m length, and three channels consists of 82 nozzles. The result indicates that the enthalpy has more prounounce contribution to determine the air flow rate and it follows successively by temperature and sun radiation. Thus, precise reading of the enthalpy is highly necessary to minimize error of the calculation of the air flow rate. This method of analysis is applicable to find appropriate values of enthalpy and other variables to produce optimum air flow rate in greenhouses. Diterima: 1 Juni 2006; Disetujui: 21 Maret 200
PENANGANAN PASCA PANEN PADI DI INDONESIA
No full textABSTRACT Post-harvest technology is a general terminology of various process technologies needed to minimize losses of product during the processes after harvest. As a staple food of most of Indonesian people, rice has an important role in Indonesian food security. Although the production becomes close to the national demand, due to the fluctuation of production caused by unstable weather, the problem on rice is still faced from year to year. Especially in the post-harvest area, recently the problem on quantity and quality losses still remains high. This paper discusses about the problem on post-harvest handling of rice in Indonesia, and how to reduce the post-harvest losses, and what are the critical parameters during post-harvest handling of rice. Diterima:10 Mei 2007, Disetujui:. 22 Mei 200
ANALlSIS ERROR PENGUKURAN KONDUKTIVITAS PANAS MULSA LlMBAH PADAT ORGANIK: SEKAM PADI
No full textABSTRACT The objective of this paper is to analyze measurement error of heat conductivity of organic solid waste (paddy chaf). Error analyze is to obtain accuration of the measured result. Visual Basic Applications (VBA) on excel was used in simulation. The result showed that heat conductivity of paddy chaf is 0,501 W/mK with error 0,00936 W/mK. Voltage tolerance value gives highest effect on total error. Diterima: 9 Mei 2007, Disetujui: 24 Mei 200
PENDUGAAN KANDUNGAN AIR, PROTEIN, LlSIN DAN METIONIN TEPUNG IKAN DENGAN JARINGAN SYARAF TIRUAN BERDASARKAN ABSORBSI NEAR INFRARED
No full textABSTRACTThe objective of this study was to apply artificial neural network (ANN) to enable accurate and fast prediction of moisture, protein. lysine and methionine contents of ftishmeal. The several wevelenqths of near intrared absorbance, range from 900 to 2,000 nm, were selected for training and validating ANN on each chemical component by stepwise multiple linear regression analysis. Tne ANN with three, five. seven and nine nodes at hidden layer were trained using 35 samples for moisture and protein, 33 samples for lysine and 30 samples for metionine Validating was conducted on 10 independent samples. The results of validating indicated that the best of protoin prediction was achieved by ANN with seven nodes at hidden layer for moisture. five nodes for protein and methionine, and three nodes for lysine. The standard error of prediction, coefficient of variation and ratio of standard deviation and standard error of prediction respoctivety were 0.61%, 4.81%, and 6.89 for moisture contents; 2.99%, 6.43% and 3.34 for protein contents: 0.14%, 11.32% and 3.04 for lysine contents: and 0.07%. 10.50% and 2.16 for methionine contents. With the same data entry. the ANN could predict with better performance than did by multiple linear regression Keywords: artificial neural network, near infrared, fishmeal Diterima: 25 September 2007, Disetujui: 9 Nopember 2007