Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian
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Sistem Tebas Bakar dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Komponen Fisik Kimia Tanah Serta Vegetasi pada Ladang dan Lahan Bera (Studi Kasus di Desa Pruda Kecamatan Waiblama Kabupaten Sikka Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur)
Get PDFShifting cultivation by slash and burn system is an agricultural activity which is generally done farmers in dry land. Slash-and-burn is practiced by the farmers because it is easy and inexpensive, with aims to improve the content of nutrients in the soil, eradicate weeds, reduce costs, reduce the incidence of pests and diseases and to increase crop production. Land clearing by slash and burn system in a short period of time have a positive impact as the availability of N, P, K, Ca, Mg. However, long periods of slash and burn have negative impact there will be changes in physical and chemical components of soil and change the dominant vegetationin the fields and fallow land. These changes will affect the l evel of productivity of the soil, especially in the land which was done. To reduce the negative impacts, farm management system with slash and burn practices, should be considered with conservation activities, especially from the aspect of land management techniques. Those negative effect might be minimized by arious treatments such as time of burning tehnique, chosen of burned biomass, and time of digged biomass. All those should be supported by a basic information affect of burning to change of physical and chemical soil characteristic at various land cultivation and length of cultivation. Result of study that had been conducted at Pruda village, sub-district of Waiblama, district of Sikka, Propince of Nusa Tenggara Timur showed that total Nitrogen and C organic increased gradually when land has been 3 years fallow. Result of single factor showed that soil aggregation was a ffected significantly by fallow than cultivated land .
Desain dan Pengujian Mesin Sortasi Telur Ayam
Get PDFBased on Indonesian National Standard (SNI) No 3926:2008, egg weight is classified into three classifications: small (<50 g), medium (50-60 g), and large (>60 g). Nowadays egg grading process in Indonesia was still done manually. The objective of this research was for designing, constructing, and performance testing of egg sorting machine. The machine testing includes performance accuracy, machine capacity, and egg crack of the sorting result. The egg sorting machine consisted of five main parts: conveyor system, steering conveyor system, sorting conveyor system, and exit conveyor system. Test result showed that the machine could sort the egg with accuracy of 83 % without any cracking in eggshell. The machine capacity was most affected by the speed of sorting conveyor system. The variables which influence the speed of sorting conveyor system were initial speed rotation (Na), work speed rotation (Nb), and length of the track on initial speed rotation path (L). The maximum machine capacity was 61 eggs per minute and obtained by configuration of Na, Nb, and L of 15.5 rpm, 24.5 rpm, and 6 cm respectively.
Pengembangan Model Pendugaan Kadar Hara Tanah Melalui Pengukuran Daya Hantar Listrik Tanah
Get PDFThe key of precision farming is the right decision in terms of time, quality, quantity, and specific location in the farming activities. Soil electrical conductivity (EC) is a variable that is both practical and efficient to implement precision farming. Several methods of EC measurement for precision farming have been developed and applied in precision farming, but inaccuracy on the interpretation of measurement result frequently encountered due to complexity of soil conditions and various geospatial condition. This paper presents a study on EC interpretation by focusing on interaction between moisture content, soil density, and soil N, P, K ratio which affect soil EC measurement. Soil samples of various levels of water, compaction, and N, P, K ratio are measured using a soil box resistivity. The levels of moisture contents were devided into low moisture content that have moisture content less then 20% and high moisture content that have moisture content more than 20%, while the levels of soil compaction were devided into high density condition and low density condition. Regression equations for N, P, and K ratio prediction have been generated and the coefficient of determination (R2) were obtained ranging between 0.6 and 0.89 for low moisture content an
Pemodelan Daya Pengadukan selama Proses Dehidrasi Osmotik Irisan Mangga dalam Larutan Gula
Get PDFThis study discusses mathematical model of agitation power due to the change of sugar solution concentration during the process of mango slices osmotic dehydration. The sugar solution agitation was performed in several levels of rotational speed to correlate the power number with the Reynolds number. Then, the obtained model was used to calculate the power consumption for various temperature and initial rotational speed of shaft. The results showed that the correlation can be used for various conditions of shaft rotational speed and solution concentration. Osmotic dehydration for 8 hours at conditions of 30-50OC with rotational speed of 143-525 rpm results in solution dilution from 61OBx to 50.5-52.5OBx. Temperature of 30OC with initial shaft rotational speed of 500 rpm results in power consumption ten times higher than that of 50OC and 148 rpm. Moreover, power consumption reduction up to 80% of initial energy consumption due to the dilution of the sugar solution during the osmotic dehydration process was obtained.
Penggolongan Mangga cv Arumanis Berdasarkan Mutu Internal
Get PDFThe purpose of this study was to assess NIRS method to classify mango cv Arumanis based on its internal quality during cold storage. Reflectances of mango at harvest date (H0), 12 days of storage (H12), and 22 days of storage were measured by using NIRflex Spectrometer at wavelengths of 1000-2500 nm, followed by measurement of physico chemical properties of mango (total soluble solid, total acid, TSS-acid ratio, firmness and weight loss). Unsupervised Principal component analysis (PCA) and pre treatment NIR spectra were performed on NIR spectra to classify mango (H0, H12, H22) and mahalanobis distance was used to validate the results. The result showed that reflectances of mango decreased during storage indicating the increase of NIR absorption by internal compounds of mango. TSS, TSS-acid ratio, and weight loss increased during storage as total acid and firmness decreased. NIRS and PCA analysis with pretreatment of quantile normalization and smoothing, and mahalanobis distance parameter could classify mango of 0, 12 and 22 days of storage based on its internal quality with accuracy of 87 %
Pengembangan Mesin Penanam dan Pemupuk Jagung Terintegrasi dengan Pengolahan Tanah Alur
Get PDFThe prototype of integrated corn planter and fertilizer applicator for strip tillage has been developed. The development was done by using wheel axis of hand tractor for driven rotor fertilizer applicator and metering device corn planter. Planting furrows were made into two furrows on a single pass with strip tillage. The objective of this study was to develop and to conduct performance test of the corn planting and fertilizing for strip tillage. Stationer test result showed that the fertilizer applicator and corn planter performance could be metering 20.71 g/m NPK fertilizer and 1-3 seeds of corn per planting hole respectively. Field test result showed that the fertilizer applicator and corn planter performance could be metering 15.88 g/m NPK fertilizer and 1-2 seeds of corn per planting hole respectively. Mean seed spacing was 21.5 cm which was longer than the theoretical seed spacing (20 cm). Fertilizer and seed hopper capacity were 16.53 kg and 1kg respectively. Effective fieldcapacity was 0.147 ha/h (low-1)and 0.350 ha/h (low-2) and efficiency for respective speed was 76.24% and 83.78%.
Pengaruh Jenis Kemasan dan Penyimpanan Suhu Rendah Terhadap Perubahan Kualitas Cabai Merah Keriting Segar
Get PDFDuring postharvest handling of red curly chili, transportation and temporary storage are critical step due to high losses. The objcctives of this study were to analyze the effect of packaging material and low temperature storage on the quality changes of fresh red curly chili and to determine the optimum combination of packaging material and temperature storage. After being harvested, samples of red curly chili were sorted and packed in differents packaging material of 3 kg and transported to the laboratory within 5 hours at ambient temperature condition. During storage period, the visual appearance, change in respiration rate, weight loss, firmness and color were measured. Waring, plastic sack and polipropilene plastic were selected as packaging materials, temperature of 10, 15OC and ambient temperature were set as storage temperature. The results show that packaging material and temperature storage influenced the respiration rate, weight loss and firmness of red curly chili. Lightness (L*) correlated only with packaging material. The interaction between packaging material and temperature storage has only correlation with weight loss. The highest losses of 21.06±0.4 was resulted for the combination of waring packaging at room temperature. The lowest losses of 0.12%±0.1 was found for the combination of polipropoline plastic packaging at 10OC. The longest storage period up to 29 days was found for those red curly chili stored at combination of polipropilene plastic packaging at 10OC.
Analisis Debit Sungai dengan Menggunakan Model SWATpada DAS Cipasauran, Banten
Get PDFTotal water demand at non industrial and industrial region in Cilegon is increasing. With its water production capacity of 2,000 l/s, PT Krakatau Tirta Industri (KTI) cannot fulfill the amount number of demand from the industrial and domestic sectors at Cilegon. To cover the shortage of water supply of ±600 l/s, PT KTI requires taking water from Cipasauran Watershed. The objective of this study was to analyze river discharge of Cipasauran Watershed using SWAT model. Input data such as soil characteristics, climate data, landuse, and hydrology data at the area of the watershed were gathered and put at the data input file. In SWAT simulation, 4 processes were done, i.e. watershed delineation, hydrological response unit (HRU) forming, data process and SWAT simulation, and visualization process. The result showed that the daily and monthly calibration process crossed 84% and 83% with the 95PPU area, with daily and monthly p-factor value of 0.84 and 0.83. Thus, calibrated model result was valid, though R2 and NS value were not satisfied. Using the validated SWAT model, the daily discharge in Cipasauran Watershed was about 0 - 3.309 m3/s, whereas the monthly discharge was 0.648 - 3.266 m3/s. This showed that daily and monthly PT KTI’s water demand of 0.6 m3/s were fulfilled about 98.22% and 100%. Within the future time, the SWAT model could be potentially used as an assessment for predictive scenarios. However, to gain optimum results, well-observed and precise data is highly required, especially for such calibrations and validations
Aplikasi Model Artificial Neural Network Terintegrasi dengan Geographycal Information System untuk Evaluasi Kesesuaian Lahan Perkebunan Kakao
No full textLand evaluation for specific purpose in plantation sector become very important due to increasing the competition in land use and the development of plantation sector. Land evaluation produces information of land economic values for specific land use. The objective of the research is to develop land evaluation method for cocoa estate using integrated model Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Geographical Information System (GIS). Back propagation ANN model were used to predict cocoa yield base on land qualities parameter. The result shows that the best of ANN model to predict cocoa yield have 15 input layer, 15 hidden layer, and 1 output layer. with the determination coefficient (r2) of 0.99 and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of 93.83 in the training process, otherwise in the testing found the r2of O. 76 and RMSE of 113.83. In verification stage the integrated model ofANN and GIS was used to evaluate land suitability of Wijayaarga Cocoa Plantation is seem accurate in predicting cocoa yield and easers to mapping the land suitability unit. Keyword: ANN, GIS, Land Evaluation, Cocoa Diterima: 04 Juni 2007; Disetujui: 18 September 200
Eksplorasi Potensi Airtanah pada Kawasan Industri Air Mineral Dalam Kemasan, Cemplang, Bogor
Get PDFExploration of water resources is an attempt to provide water accesibility for society’s. Required in-depth study of geological analysis-hydrogeological springs and groundwater that it will be processed into clean water to support communities. The intent of this study was to determine the geoelectric-hydrogeological conditions through the distribution characteristic of the aquifer by resistivity rocks around Cemplang, Bogor. The purpose of this investigation was to provide a data where groundwater sources are used for industrial mineral water The exploration results obtained by the location of shallow groundwater in the range between 2-14 m below the surface of the local soil. Free groundwater depth (shallow groundwater) conducted in the study area, groundwater depths ranging between 2-8 m below ground surface (bmt) local. The groundwater is estimated from Mount Salak as a groundwater resource, The estimation geoelectric investigation area is resistivity 3-400 Ωm. Rock aquifer consists of sandy loam, silty sand and sand hydraulic conductivity estimated 3-40 m/day. Layer has a smaller resistivity of 13 Ωm and is at a depth of 17 m bmt. The slopes of this research area is 0017 to obtain the potential of groundwater in at 18,947.37 m3/day, equivalent as 219.30 liters/sec