Jurnal Gizi dan Pangan
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PENGETAHUAN, SIKAP, DAN PRAKTEK GIZI IBU TERKAIT IODIUM DAN PEMILIHAN JENIS GARAM RUMAH TANGGA DI WILAYAH PEGUNUNGAN CIANJUR
Get PDFABSTRACTThis study was aimed to analyze levels of knowledge, attitude, and practice on nutrition related to iodine, and iodine source consumption pattern, and household’s usage of iodized salt among mothers in mountainous area of Cianjur District. Design of this study was a cross-sectional, conducted during May-July 2012 at three sub-districts of Cianjur which were categorized as IDD (Iodine Deficiency Disorders) endemic areas. The subjects were 153 household mothers, living in the study area. The data were collected by interview using pre-tested questionnaires. Data on iodine content of salt was analyzed at Laboratory of Balai GAKI, Magelang. The result shows that subjects were mostly categorized as poor (73.2%), namely their income/cap/month was lower than poverty line of rural West Java. Nutritional knowledge related to iodine of subjects was categorized as moderate (score 64.2). Nutritional attitude related to iodine of subjects indicated the negative attitude (score <75), and the nutritional practice was categorized as poor (score 58.3). Type of iodine food source which frequently consumed by households were salted fish and egg. The salt consumed by households was wholely iodized salt, but only 11.1% of them complied with the iodized salt standard (>30 ppm).Keywords: attitude, iodine, knowledge, practiceABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis tingkat pengetahuan, sikap, dan praktek gizi ibu terkait iodium, serta pola konsumsi pangan sumber iodium dan penggunaan garam beriodium pada ibu rumahtangga di wilayah pegunungan Cianjur. Desain penelitian ini merupakan cross sectional, dilakukan pada bulan Mei-Juli 2012 di tiga kecamatan yang tergolong endemik GAKI (Gangguan Akibat Kekurangan Iodium) di Kabupaten Cianjur. Subjek adalah ibu rumahtangga sebanyak 153 orang. Data dikumpulkan dengan metode wawancara menggunakan kuesioner yang telah diujicobakan sebelumnya. Data kandungan iodium pada garam diperoleh berdasarkan analisis di laboratorium Balai GAKI, Magelang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan subjek umumnya tergolong miskin (73,2%) karena pendapatan/kapita/bulan lebih rendah dari Garis Kemiskinan Jawa Barat untuk wilayah perdesaan. Pengetahuan gizi ibu terkait iodium tergolong sedang (skor 64,2). Sikap gizi ibu terkait iodium menunjukkan sikap yang negatif (skor <75) dan praktek gizi ibu terkait iodium tergolong rendah (skor 58,3). Jenis pangan sumber iodium yang sering dikonsumsi subjek adalah ikan asin dan telur. Garam yang dikonsumsi subjek semuanya sudah mengandung iodium, tetapi hanya 11,1% yang mengandung iodium dalam jumlah mencukupi (>30 ppm).Kata kunci: iodium, pengetahuan, praktek, sika
PEMANFAATAN PREBIOTIK XYLOOLIGOSAKARIDA (XOS) DALAM PENGOLAHAN COOKIES FUNGSIONAL UNTUK KESEHATAN SALURAN PENCERNAAN PENYANDANG AUTIS
Get PDFABSTRACTThis research was aimed to study the formulation of cookies enriched with prebiotics Xylooligosaccharides (XOS) as functional food for the health of the autism digestive tract. This research used complete randomized design. Selected formula was determined by the ability to grow lactic acid bacteria, fiber, and organoleptic test results. The main materials used were kepok bananas, corn flour, and prebiotic XOS which were safe for the gluten free casein free diet (GFCF). Selected cookies using the main ingredient in the form of banana flour by 67 g and 33 g of corn flour with the addition of 5% XOS prebiotic ingredients. Serving size of the selected prebiotic cookies was 50 g. Selected prebiotic cookies were able to meet 15.4% of energy needs, 2.3% of protein needs, 19.1% of fat needs, and 36.5% of carbohydrate needs. Selected prebiotic cookies could meet the claim of ‘contains fiber’.Keywords: autism, cookies, GFCF diet, prebioticsABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari formulasi pengolahan cookies yang diperkaya dengan prebiotik Xylooligosakarida (XOS) sebagai pangan fungsional untuk kesehatan saluran pencernaan penyandang autis. Desain penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap. Formula terpilih ditentukan berdasarkan kemampuan menumbuhkan bakteri asam laktat, kandungan serat, dan hasil uji organoleptik.Bahan utama yang digunakan adalah pisang kepok, tepung jagung, dan tepung prebiotik XOS yang aman untuk diet gluten free casein free (GFCF). Formula cookies prebiotik terpilih menggunakan bahan utama berupa tepung pisang sebesar 67 g dan tepung jagung 33 g dengan penambahan prebiotik XOS sebesar 5% adonan. Takaran saji cookies prebiotik terpilih adalah sebesar 50 g. Cookies prebiotik terpilih per takaran sajinya mampu memenuhi sebesar 15,4% kebutuhan energi, 2,3% kebutuhan protein, 19,1% kebutuhan lemak, dan 36,5% kebutuhan karbohidrat untuk anak usia 5-7 tahun. Cookies terpilih dapat memenuhi klaim ‘mengandung serat’.Kata kunci: autis, cookies, diet GFCF, prebioti
JENIS PANGAN SARAPAN DAN PERANNYA DALAM ASUPAN GIZI HARIAN ANAK USIA 6—12 TAHUN DI INDONESIA
Get PDFABSTRACTThe objective of this study was to analyze the type and amount of food consumed at breakfast and its also contribution in daily nutrient intake of school children (6—12 years old). The data used for this study was the secondary data of the Basic Health Survey 2010 (Riskesdas 2010) conducted by the Research and Development Agency, Ministry of Health. The data of 24-hour recall of food consumption and socio-economic were obtained from 35 000 school age children. The results of the study shows that ten most populer food consumed during breakfast are rice, scramble egg, fried tempeh, vegetable soup, fried fish, instant noodle, fried rice, stir vegetable, and fried tofu; and the five most populer beverages consumed during breakfast are drinking water, sweetened tea, milk creamer, powder milk, and tea. Nearly half (44.6%) of the children breakfast with low nutritional quality. Approximately 44.6%, 35.4%, 67.8%, 85.0%, 89.4%, and 90.3% of child-ren consume only <15% RDI for energy, protein, vitamin A, iron, calcium, and fiber respectively. Based on these results and inline with one of the dietary guidelines messages – do breakfast everyday – the healthy breakfast for school children need further promoted intensively. It is suggested that the healthy breakfast should be able to fulfill 15—30% of daily nutrients requirements.Key words: breakfast, RISKESDAS 2010, school childrenABSTRAKTujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis jumlah dan jenis makanan dan minuman sarapan serta kontribusinya dalam asupan gizi harian anak usia sekolah (6—12 tahun). Data yang digunakan untuk penelitian ini adalah data sekunder (data konsumsi pangan) yang diperoleh dari hasil penelitian Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas) 2010 yang dilaksanakan oleh Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan Kementerian Ke-sehatan Indonesia. Data konsumsi pangan (recall 24 jam) dan sosial ekonomi diperoleh dari 35 000 subjek anak usia sekolah (6—12 tahun). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa sepuluh makanan yang paling favorit dikonsumsi saat sarapan adalah nasi putih, telur ceplok/dadar, tempe goreng, sayur berkuah, ikan goreng, mi instan, nasi goreng, sayuran (tumis), dan tahu goreng; sedangkan lima minuman terpopuler yang dikonsumsi sebagai sarapan adalah air putih, teh manis, susu kental manis, susu instan, dan air teh. Hampir separuh (44.6%) anak usia sekolah sarapan dengan kualitas gizi rendah. Sekitar 44.6%, 35.4%, 67.8%, 85.0%, 89.4%, dan 90.3% anak hanya memperoleh gizi <15% AKG dari sarapan (berturut-turut untuk energi, protein, vitamin A, zat besi, kalsium, dan serat). Berdasarkan hasil tersebut dan juga sejalan dengan salah satu isi Pesan Dasar Umum Gizi Seimbang (PUGS), yaitu “Sarapan setiap hari”, maka promosi mengenai kebiasaan sarapan sehat bagi anak usia sekolah perlu dilakukan lebih intensif dan berkelanjutan. Selain itu disarankan pula bahwa sarapan yang sehat sebaiknya mampu memenuhi sekitar 15—30% AKG.Kata kunci: anak usia sekolah, RISKESDAS 2010, sarapa
MINUMAN JELLY CINCAU DAPAT MENURUNKAN KADAR MALONDIALDEHID PLASMA PADA PRIA DEWASA PEROKOK
Get PDFThe general objective of this study was to analyze the effect of intervention of the grass jelly on level of MDA (malondialdehyde) in adult male smokers. The design of this study was a quasi experiment with pre-post test with control. The subjects were divided into four groups, consisted of 1) control (K); that was not given any food intervention; 2) P1 that was given food intervention for 14 days; 3) P2 that was given food intervention for 21 days; and 4) P3 that was given food intervention for 28 days. Subjects were requested to consume grass jelly drink everyday as much as 200 g/d. All subjects had high level of MDA at pre-intervention. The result of this study shows that MDA levels of subjects at post-intervention in the treatment groups decreased significantly (p<0.05). The highest decrease was occured on P3 (49.82%). Hence, the intervention of grass jelly drink as much as 1 portion (200 g) could reduce MDA level of plasma; and the longer the intervention, the higher the reduction.Keywords: antioxidant, grass jelly drink, MDA
STRATEGI PENINGKATAN KETAHANAN PANGAN DINAS PERTANIAN DAN KETAHANAN PANGAN KOTA TANGERANG SELATAN
Get PDFThe objectives of this study were to analyze the food security condition, to analyze the external and internal factors that affect food security and to formulate strategies for improving food security in Tangerang Selatan. The primary data was collected by conducting a focus group discussion and questionnaire filling with purposive sampling technique. Descriptive method on secondary data such as food availability was used to analyze the food security condition. Internal Factor Evaluation (IFE) matrix and External Factor Evaluation (EFE) matrix were used to formulate strategies. Strengths, Weakness, Opportunities, and Threats (SWOT) matrix was used to determine the alternative strategies and Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix (QSPM) was used to determine among feasible alternative strategies. The results showed that the most important internal factor is commitment of the regional leader and the most important external factor is geographical location of Tangerang Selatan. The total weighted score IFE matrix of 2.86 is average and EFE matrix of 2.81 is above the average. The SWOT matrix showed that the government of Tangerang Selatan may need to “improve food availability” because of “food price volatility”. The QSPM sum total attractiveness scores of 3.76 indicate that the government of Tangerang Selatan should “improve triple helix relations among university, industry, and government” as the strategy to improve food security in South Tangerang.Keywords: EFE matrix, food security, IFE matrix, QSPM, SWOT
STATUS ANTROPOMETRI DENGAN BEBERAPA INDIKATOR PADA MAHASISWA TPB-IPB
Get PDFThe objective of this study was to analyze the anthropometry status, and body fat percentage of first year students in IPB. The subjects of this study were 117 IPB first year students. The result shows that most of the male subjects has a normal body mass index (75.0%), normal waist circumference (87.5%) and normal waist-hip-ratio (93.8%). Most of the male subjects has a normal body fat percentage (37.5%). In the meanwhile, most of the female subjects has normal body mass index (83.2%), normal waist circumference (98.0%) and normal waist-hip-ratio (95.0%). Most of the female subjects had a normal body fat percentage (56.0%). There was a significant correlation between body mass index, waist circumference, waist hip ratio, and percentage of body fat (p<0.05).
DENSITAS ENERGI KONSUMSI, STATUS GIZI, DAN DAYA INGAT SESAAT ANAK USIA SEKOLAH DASAR
Get PDFThe aim of this study was to analyze the correlation between dietary energy density, nutritional status and short term memory of elementary students. Design of this study was a cross sectional with purposive sampling 111 elementary school students in Bogor. Children’s allowance, parent’s education and income, nutritional knowledge, food consumption, physical activity, and short term memory were analyzed by chi square and logistic regression. The method used to measure the short term memory was a serial recall with the word list tool. Measurement of short term memory was two times (09.00 pm and 11.00 pm). The results showed that most of student consumed high energy density food with average density was 2.13 kcal/g for girls and 1.98 kcal/g for boys. Children’s allowance and mother’s education were significantly correlated with dietary energy density. Most of them had normal nutritional status but 27% of them were overweight and obese. Nutritional knowledge and breakfast habit were significantly correlated with nutritional status. Only nutritional knowledge and nutritional status has significantly influence the short term memory
PERILAKU GIZI IBU, POLA ASUH MAKAN, KONTRIBUSI SNACK, DAN STATUS GIZI ANAK USIA PRASEKOLAH
Get PDFABSTRACTThe aimed of this study were to analyze mother’s nutritional behavior, parenting eating pattern, snack contribution and their correlations toward preschool children’s nutritional status. The design of this study was a cross-sectional in Labschool IPB-ISFA, involved 20 subjects of preschool children. The result of this study showed that 45% of mothers had moderate nutritional knowledge. Most of mother’s nutritional attitude and practice were categorized as good (35%) and poor (35%). Snack had the highest contribution to protein adequacy (58.6%). The contribution of snack to energy, fat, carbohydrate, and natrium adequacy were 41.8%, 44.2%, 45.5%, and 53.6% respectively. Most of subjects had normal nutritional status (80%). Mother’s nutritional knowledge and mother’s nutritional attitude was having significant correlation (p<0.05). Mother’s nutritional practices had significant correlation with eating parenting pattern. There were a significant correlations between carbohydrate and protein from snack with nutritional status (p<0.05), whereas energy and fat from snack had no correlation with nutritional status (p>0.05).Keywords: nutritional behavior, parenting pattern, snackABSTRAKTujuan umum penelitian adalah menganalisis perilaku gizi ibu, pola asuh makan, dan kontribusi snack serta hubungannya dengan status gizi anak usia prasekolah. Desain penelitian adalah cross sectional study dengan 20 subjek anak usia prasekolah di Labschool Pendidikan Karakter IPB-ISFA. Sebagian besar pengetahuan gizi ibu masuk kategori sedang (45,0%). Sikap dan praktik gizi ibu subjek paling banyak termasuk dalam kategori baik (35,0%) dan kurang (35,0%). Kontribusi energi dari snack terhadap tingkat kecukupan adalah 41,8%, lemak 44,2%, karbohidrat 45,5%, dan natrium sebesar 53,6%. Kontribusi konsumsi snack terhadap kecukupan protein paling besar yaitu sebesar 58,6%. Sebanyak 80,0% subjek memiliki status gizi normal. Perilaku gizi ibu yang mempunyai hubungan signifikan adalah pengetahuan dengan sikap gizi ibu (p<0,05). Perilaku gizi ibu yang mempunyai hubungan signifikan dengan pola asuh makan adalah praktik gizi (p<0,05). Hubungan signifikan antara protein dan karbohidrat dari snack dengan status gizi (p<0,05), sedangkan energi dan lemak dari snack tidak mempunyai hubungan yang signifikan dengan status gizi subjek (p>0,05).Kata kunci: perilaku gizi, pola asuh makan, snac
PERAN PENGETAHUAN GIZI DALAM MENENTUKAN KEBIASAAN SARAPAN ANAK-ANAK SEKOLAH DASAR NEGERI DI PONDOK LABU, JAKARTA SELATAN
Get PDFABSTRACTThis study aimed to analyze the determinant factors that influence the breakfast habits in children in public primary schools in Pondok Labu, South Jakarta. The cross-sectional study was applied. The subject was selected in random sampling. Subjects were 300 students in grade 3,4, and 5 in SDN 03, 04, 09, and 10 Pondok Labu, South Jakarta. The analysis performed using chi-square analysis and multivariate logistic regression. The results showed that the breakfast habits of primary school children by 71.7% with a median energy of 246 kcal. The results showed a significant correlation between breakfast habits of the sexes, the availability of breakfast and breakfast nutrition knowledge (p<0.05). The school children breakfast was significantly affected by nutritional knowledge (p<0.05).Keywords: breakfast, children, knowledgeABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis faktor-faktor dominan yang memengaruhi kebiasaan sarapan pada anak-anak sekolah dasar negeri di Pondok Labu, Jakarta Selatan. Desain penelitian ini adalah cross sectional dengan penarikan subjek secara random sampling. Subjek berjumlah 300 siswa kelas 3, 4, dan 5 di SDN 03, 04, 09, dan 10 Pondok Labu, Jakarta Selatan. Analisis yang digunakan adalah chi-square dan multivariat regresi logistik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kebiasaan sarapan pada anak sekolah dasar sebesar 71,7% dengan median energi sarapan sebesar 246 kkal. Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara jenis kelamin, ketersediaan sarapan, dan pengetahuan gizi dengan kebiasaan sarapan (p<0,05). Kebiasaan sarapan pada anak sekolah dasar sangat dipengaruhi oleh pengetahuan gizi.Kata kunci: anak sekolah, pengetahuan, sarapa
PEMBERIAN KITOSAN DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP BERAT BADAN DAN KADAR TRIGLISERIDA DARAH TIKUS SPRAGUE-DAWLEY YANG DIBERI PAKAN ASAM LEMAK TRANS
Get PDFABSTRACTThis study was aimed to analyze the effects of chitosan intake on body weight and plasma triglyceride level in Sprague-dawley rats fed by trans fatty acid. This study was an experimental on animal using factorial randomized with post-test only control group design. The samples were 28 male Sprague-dawley rats aged two months old. The samples were divided into one control (K) and three treatment groups which received chitosan as much as 0.035 g (P1), 0.045 g (P2), and 0.055 g (P3). The feed was high-fat diet, namely added by melted margarine as a source of trans fatty acid, as much as 1.7 g per day. Intervention was done for 14 and 28 days. Measurement of body weight was done every three days, whereas measurement of triglyceride level was done after 14 and 28 days intervention. The study revealed that feeding of melted margarine in a dose of 1.7 g per day increased body weight of control group as much as 54% after 28 day intervention. The increase was higher than P1, P2, and P3 groups which were elevated by 48.7%, 27.8%, and 38.9% respectively. In addition, after 14 day intervention, the plasma triglyceride levels of control and P1 groups were categorized as hypertriglyceridemia, namely 254.3±49.0 mg/dL and 241.7±58.5 mg/dL respectively. In the meanwhile, the plasma triglyceride levels of P2 (128.3±14.3 mg/dL) and P3 (141.3 ± 25.3) were significantly lower than the control and P1 groups. After 28 day intervention, there is no significant difference on plasma triglyceride level among groups (p>0.05), but the triglyceride level of each group was significantly lower than the levels after 14 day intervention (p<0.05).Keywords: body weight, chitosan, trans fatty acids, triglycerideABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh pemberian kitosan terhadap berat badan dan kadar trigliserida plasma tikus Sprague-dawley yang diberi pakan asam lemak trans. Penelitian ini merupakan experimental study pada hewan percobaan, menggunakan rancangan kelompok faktorial dengan post test only control group. Sampel penelitian adalah 28 ekor tikus Sprague-dawley jantan berusia dua bulan, dikelompokkan menjadi satu kelompok kontrol (K) dan tiga kelompok perlakuan (P) dengan penambahan kitosan 0,035 g (P1), 0,045 g (P2), dan 0,055 g (P3) dalam diet yang diberikan. Pakan merupakan diet tinggi asam lemak trans, yaitu dengan penambahan margarin yang dipanaskan sebanyak 1,7 g per hari. Intervensi dilakukan selama 14 dan 28 hari. Berat badan ditimbang setiap tiga hari sementara pengukuran kadar trigliserida dilakukan setelah 14 dan 28 hari perlakuan. Penambahan margarin 1,7 g per hari menjadikan berat badan tikus kelompok kontrol (tanpa kitosan) meningkat 54% setelah 28 hari intervensi, lebih tinggi dibandingkan kelompok P1, P2, dan P3 yang masing-masing mengalami kenaikan berat badan 48,7%, 27,8%, dan 38,9%. Setelah 14 hari intervensi, kadar trigliserida plasma tikus kelompok kontrol dan P1 mengalami hipertrigliseridemia, yaitu masing-masing 254,3±49,0 mg/dL dan 241,7±58,5 mg/dL. Sementara itu, kadar trigliserida plasma tikus kelompok P2 (128,3±14,3 mg/dL) dan P3 (141,3 ± 25,3) lebih rendah dan berbeda signifikan dibandingkan kelompok kontrol dan P1. Setelah 28 hari intervensi, kadar trigliserida plasma tikus tidak menunjukkan perbedaan signifikan antar kelompok (p>0,05), tetapi menunjukkan hasil yang lebih rendah dan berbeda signifikan dibandingkan kadar trigliserida setelah 14 hari (p<0,05).Kata kunci: asam lemak trans, berat badan, kitosan, trigliserid