Jurnal Gizi dan Pangan
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KETAHANAN PANGAN DI KOTA PAGARALAM, PROVINSI SUMATERA SELATAN TAHUN 2001—2010
Get PDFABSTRACTThis study aim to analyze the food resouces in Pagaralam District, South Sumatera Province in 2001—2010. The study design was retrospective with secondary data analysis covering policies, budgeting, food production, exports, imports and number of population. Data processing included analysis for production, exports, imports, food availability and food suffiency by trend, line, ratio availability and ratio of imports. Food availability policy and food availability budgeting were analyzed using content analysis. The results indicate increasing of production on some commodities but supply doesn’t fulfill the demand. Food availability increases and energy adequacy has already reached the Minimum Services Standard (90%), but not for intake protein. Desirable Dietary Pattern (DDP) score is still below 90. The food availability policy and budget do not support the General Policy for Food Security 2006—2010 and still focused on water resources management.Key words: energy and protein adequacy, food availabilityABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis sumberdaya pangan di Kota Pagaralam Provinsi Sumatera Selatan tahun 2001—2010. Data sekunder terdiri dari kebijakan anggaran, produksi pangan, ekspor dan impor pangan serta jumlah penduduk. Desain penelitian ini adalah retrospektif menggunakan data sekunder. Pengolahan data dimulai dengan menganalisis produksi, ekspor dan impor, ketersediaan pangan dan kecukupan pangan menggunakan analisis tren, analisis garis, analisis rasio ketersediaan dan analisis rasio impor. Kebijakan dan anggaran ketersediaan pangan dianalisis menggunakan analisis isi. Peningkatan produksi beberapa komoditi namun produksi belum mencukupi kebutuhan. Ketersediaan pangan mengalami peningkatan dan kecukupan energi sudah mencapai SPM (90%), akan tetapi kecukupan protein masih defisit. Skor PPH masih di bawah 90. Kebijakan dan anggaran belum sepenuhnya sesuai dengan Kebijakan Umum Ketahanan Pangan (KUKP) 2006—2010 dan masih terfokus pada sektor pengelolaan sumberdaya air.Kata kunci: kecukupan energi dan protein, ketersediaan panga
KEBIASAAN DAN KUALITAS SARAPAN PADA SISWI REMAJA DI KABUPATEN BOGOR
Get PDFABSTRACTThe study aimed to describe breakfast habit among teenage girls of vocational high school Bogor. A cross-sectional study was conducted and was involving 68 students 14—18 years old from SMK Pelita Ciampea, Bogor District. Breakfast consumption was collected by a 7-day food records. The result showed that there were 45.6% schoolgirls having breakfast regularly. Breakfast frequency per week was associated with BMI and anaemic status (p<0.05). The subject mostly explained that breakfast is eat in the morning. Subjects explained more that breakfast have benefit, consist of a solid food and beverage, and in a medium portion. Types of good food for breakfast were bread and milk. Mother should prepare food for breakfast and it should be done at home before leaving house. The schoolgirls having a good quality breakfast consumed rice, bread, fruit, and milk; and those are having a low quality breakfast consume sweet tea and snack. Mother education and occupation, parents income, and number of family member are significantly related to habitual breakfast (p<0.05). There is significantly association between habitual breakfast and breakfast quality (r=0.539, p<0.05).Key words: breakfast, concept, quality, schoolgirlsABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari kebiasaan sarapan pada remaja siswi sekolah menengah kejuruan Bogor. Desain cross-sectional digunakan dengan subjek 68 siswi berusia 14—18 tahun dari SMK Pelita Ciampea, Kabupaten Bogor. Konsumsi sarapan dikumpulkan dengan food record selama 7 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 45.6% remaja siswi biasa sarapan setiap hari. Frekuensi sarapan dalam satu minggu berhubungan dengan IMT dan status anemia (p<0.05). Seluruh subjek mendefinisikan sarapan sebagai makan di pagi hari. Selebihnya subjek menjelaskan bahwa sarapan akan bermanfaat, terdiri dari makanan padat dan minuman, dan porsi sedang. Makanan saat sarapan yang baik adalah roti dan susu. Ibu sebaiknya menyiapkan makanan untuk sarapan dan sarapan dilakukan di rumah sebelum memulai aktivitas di luar rumah. Siswi dengan dengan kategori kualitas sarapan baik mengonsumsi nasi, roti, buah, dan susu sedangkan yang kualitas sarapan tidak baik lebih banyak minum teh manis dan jajanan. Pendidikan dan pekerjaan ibu, pendapatan orang tua, dan besar keluarga berhubungan dengan kebiasaan sarapan (p<0.05). Terdapat hubungan positif antara kebiasaan sarapan dengan kualitas sarapan (r=0.539, p<0.05).Kata kunci: konsep, kualitas, sarapan, siswi remaj
KERENTANAN PANGAN TINGKAT DESA DI PROVINSI NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR
Get PDFThis study aimed to determine food vulnerability in the village level. This study was conducted by analysing 3,270 villages in Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT) Province. Principal component analysis, cluster analysis and discriminant analysis were employed to classify the vulnerable villages. This study found that 1,468 villages (44.90%) were categorized as very vulnerable and vulnerable villages. Both categories were found mostly in Timor Tengah Selatan, Manggarai Timur, Manggarai Barat, Sumba Barat Daya, and Sumba Timur Regency. Food vulnerability enhancment programs need to be prioritized in very vulnerable and vulnerable villages in Timor Tengah Selatan, Manggarai Timur, Manggarai Barat, Sumba Barat Daya, and Sumba Timur Regency. Accessibility to electricity, clean water and sanitation facilities as well as the improvement of public welfare are key important factors to improve village food vulnerability.Keywords: cluster, food vulnerability, village
GAYA HIDUP, KONSUMSI PANGAN, DAN HUBUNGANNYA DENGAN TEKANAN DARAH PADA LANSIA ANGGOTA POSBINDU
Get PDFABSTRACTThe purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of life style and food consumption to blood pressure among elderly in Posbindu Al-Wusto in Bogor District. The study design was cross-sectional study. Subjects were consisted of eight men and 31 women from Posbindu Al-Wusto in Bogor District. The result showed most subject had hypertension (64.1%). There was no significant relationship between life style (smoking, coffee consumption, and exercise) with blood pressure (p>0.05). There was significantly negative relationship between hypertension preventive food (broccoli and sunflower seeds) and hypertension triggering food (crackers and salted fish) with systolic blood pressure (p<0.05). There was significantly positive food high blood pressure induce (boiled fish) with systolic blood pressure (p<0.05).Keywords: blood pressure, elderly, food consumption, life styleABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan gaya hidup dan konsumsi pangan dengan tekanan darah pada lansia di Posbindu Al-Wusto Kabupaten Bogor. Desain penelitian ini adalah cross-sectional. Subjek terdiri atas delapan orang laki-laki dan 31 orang perempuan dari Posbindu Al-Wusto Kabupaten Bogor. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar subjek (64,1%) mempunyai hipertensi. Tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara gaya hidup (merokok, konsumsi kopi, dan olahraga) dengan tekanan darah (p>0,05). Terdapat hubungan signifikan negatif antara pangan pencegah (brokoli dan biji bunga matahari) dan pangan pemicu (crackers dan ikan asin) dengan tekanan darah sistolik (p<0,05). Terdapat hubungan signifikan positif antara pangan pemicu (ikan pindang) dengan tekanan darah sistolik (p<0,05).Kata kunci: gaya hidup, konsumsi pangan, lansia, tekanan dara
ASUPAN PROTEIN NABATI DAN KEJADIAN ANEMIA WANITA USIA SUBUR VEGAN
Get PDFABSTRACTThe purpose of this study was to determined the role of vegetable protein intake and anaemia incidence among vegan reproductive aged women. This study was observational research with cross-sectional study design. Sixty-five subjects were selected by simple random sampling method. Data collection for intake was done by 24-hours recall technique, and haemoglobin levels was measured by cyanmethemogloblin method. The results showed that 26.1% from 31-anaemia vegan subjects classified as less vegetable protein intake individuals, and 43% from 34-non anaemia vegan subjects known as enough vegetable protein intake individuals. Chi-square test authenticate that there was a significant relationship between the vegetable protein intakes with anaemia incidence among vegan reproductive aged women (p=0.002). The conclusion showed that vegetable protein intake has a role to the risk of anaemia incidence among vegan reproductive aged women.Keywords: anaemia, reproductive aged women, vegan, vegetable proteinABSTRAKTujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui peran asupan protein nabati terhadap kejadian anemia pada wanita usia subur (WUS) vegan. Penelitian yang dilakukan adalah penelitian observasional dengan desain cross sectional. Sebanyak 65 subjek WUS dipilih menggunakan metode simple random sampling. Pengambilan data asupan dilakukan menggunakan metode 24-hours recall, sedangkan kadar hemoglobin dianalisis menggunakan metode cyanmethemoglobin. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 31 WUS vegan yang anemia sebesar 26,1% diantaranya menunjukkan memiliki asupan protein kurang, sedangkan 34 WUS vegan yang tidak anemia (43%), memiliki asupan protein nabati cukup. Analisis chi square menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara asupan protein nabati dengan kejadian anemia (p=0,002). Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah asupan protein nabati berperan terhadap risiko anemia pada WUS vegan.Kata kunci: anemia, protein nabati, vegan, WU
PENGETAHUAN DAN PERILAKU KONSUMSI MAHASISWA PUTRA TINGKAT PERSIAPAN BERSAMA IPB TENTANG MONOSODIUM GLUTAMAT DAN KEAMANANNYA
Get PDFABSTRACTThe aim of this study was to analyze the knowledge and consumption behaviour of the first year boy students of IPB on Monosodium Glutamate (MSG) and its safety. Data were collected using self administered questionnaire. Questionnaires were given to the students through cooperation with one of internal club in IPB’s Dormitory. There were 1 324 questionnaires that were given, but only 808 questionnaires were collected back and 24 of them not filled out completely. Thus there were 784 questionnaires that qualified to be research data. Knowledge on MSG and its safety was classified into 3 levels of knowledge, such as low (<60% of total score), intermediate (60—80% total score), and high (>80% of total score). The results showed that most students have low level of knowledge on the MSG (81.4%) and it’s safety (94.3%). However, most of them frequently consume foods containing MSG (39—86%). Level of knowledge on MSG is not correlated to consumption behavior of MSG (p>0.05).Key words: consumption behavior, knowledge, Monosodium Glutamate (MSG)ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengetahuan dan perilaku mahasiswa putra Tingkat Persiapan Bersama (TPB) IPB tentang Monosodium Glutamat (MSG) dan keamanannya. Data penelitian diperoleh melalui kuesioner yang diisi sendiri oleh mahasiswa putra. Penyebaran kuesioner dilakukan melalui kerjasama dengan salah satu klub internal Asrama Putra TPB. Kuesioner survei diberikan kepada seluruh mahasiswa putra, yaitu sebanyak 1 324 orang. Jumlah mahasiswa yang mengisi kuesioner adalah 808 orang, namun 24 orang diantara- nya tidak mengisi kuesioner dengan lengkap sehingga diperoleh 784 orang sebagai subjek dalam penelitian ini. Tingkat pengetahuan tentang MSG dan keamanannya diklasifikasikan menjadi tiga, yaitu tingkat pengetahuan kurang (skor total<60%), sedang (skor total 60—80%), dan tinggi (skor total>80%). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar mahasiswa putra mempunyai tingkat pengetahuan yang rendah tentang MSG (81.4%) dan keamanan MSG (94.3%), namun sebagian besar dari mereka (39—86%) juga sering mengonsumsi makanan yang mengandung MSG. Pengetahuan tentang MSG dan keamanannya tidak berhubungan dengan perilaku konsumsi makanan yang mengandung MSG (p>0.05).Kata kunci: Monosodium Glutamat (MSG), pengetahuan, perilaku konsums
AKUMULASI LIPID HATI DAN PROFIL LIPID DARAH TIKUS Sprague Dawley YANG DIINTERVENSI MINYAK SUPER OLEIN DAN OLEIN
Get PDFThe objective of this research was to analyze the effect of olein and super olein palm oil on blood lipid profile (total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and triglyceride) and fatty liver condition of Sprague Dawley rats. The design used was pre and post test with control group design. The intervention run for 8 weeks using 20 rats which were divided into four treatments i.e: (1) standard-low fat feed and water (negative control/KN), (2) standard-low fat feed and dried egg yolk (positive control/KP), (3)standard-low fat feed and olein palm oil (B), and (4) standard-low fat feed and super olein palm oil (A). Results showed that blood lipid profile of rats at baseline were not different among treatment groups, while at midline super olein group has total cholesterol, triglyceride, and indirect LDL cholesterol lower than olein group. At endline, HDL and indirect LDL cholesterol of super olein group were different compared to olein group, while total cholesterol and triglyceride were not different between both groups. Super olein group had HDL cholesterol higher and indirect LDL cholesterol lower than olein group. Based on histopathology, lipid accumulation in the liver of Sprague Dawley rats in super olein group were lower than in olein group. The data showed that percentage of lipid droplet in super olein group (A) was 22.01%, while in olein group (B) was 40.43%.Keywords: blood lipid profile, fatty liver, palm oil, rats
FORMULASI RUMPUT LAUT Gracilaria sp. DALAM PEMBUATAN BAKSO DAGING SAPI TINGGI SERAT DAN IODIUM
Get PDFABSTRACTThe objective of this study was to formulate seaweed Gracilaria sp. in producing meatballs with high fiber and iodine content. The formulation was made by seaweed porridge addition as much as 30%, 40%, and 50% of total weight of raw material. Meatball product with the addition of 40% of seaweed porridge was the most accepted in organoleptic tests. The proximate analysis of the selected meatballs showed that the content of water, ash, fat, protein, and carbohydrate was 76.93%, 2.31%, 0.5%, and 8.11% respectively. The total dietary fiber and iodine content was 5.98% and 1.14 ppm. The acceptance test done by 31 elementary school students showed that 90% of them stated “like” and could accept the product properly. The contribution of selected product to nutrient adequacy level of 6-12 years old’s children was 2.12-2.67% for energy, 7.03-12.05% for protein, 0.36-0.42% for fat, 2.19-2.87% for carbohydrate, 10.37-14.13% for fiber, and 49.4% for iodine. Hence, the meatball product with addition of Gracilaria sp. 40% is a high fiber and iodine product.Keywords: fiber, Gracilaria sp. seaweed, iodine, meatballsABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk memformulasikan rumput laut Gracilaria sp. dalam pembuatan bakso daging sapi agar diperoleh produk dengan kadar serat dan iodium yang tinggi. Formulasi dibuat dengan penambahan bubur rumput laut Gracilaria sp. sebesar 30%, 40%, dan 50% terhadap berat adonan total. Produk bakso dengan penambahan rumput laut sebanyak 40% menunjukkan nilai penerimaan tertinggi secara organoleptik dan dipilih sebagai produk terpilih. Hasil uji proksimat kadar air, abu, lemak, protein, dan karbohidrat secara berturut-turut adalah 76,93%; 2,31%; 0,5%; 8,11%, dan 12,16%. Kadar serat pangan total dan iodium produk terpilih masing-masing adalah 5,98% dan 1,14 ppm. Hasil uji daya terima terhadap 31 anak SD menunjukkan 90,3% subjek menyatakan suka dan dapat menerima produk bakso terpilih dengan baik. Produk bakso terpilih memberikan kontribusi energi 2,12-2,78%, protein 7,03-12,05%, lemak 0,36-0,42%, karbohidrat 2,19-2,87%, serat 10,37-14,13%, dan iodium 49,4% terhadap AKG anak usia 6-12 tahun. Dengan demikian, produk bakso dengan penambahan 40% rumput laut Gracilaria sp. merupakan produk tinggi serat dan iodium.Kata kunci: bakso daging sapi, iodium, rumput laut Gracilaria sp, sera
EVALUASI KESEPADANAN MUTU GIZI TEMPE KEDELAI PANGAN REKAYASA GENETIK (PRG) DAN NON-PRG SERTA DAMPAK KONSUMSINYA PADA TIKUS PERCOBAAN
Get PDFABSTRACTThis study was conducted to evaluate the effect of tempe that were made from Genetically Modified (GM) and non-GM soybean on protein quality, malondialdehide (MDA) levels, intracellular antioxidant superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the liver and kidneys, as well as spermatozoa profile of experimental rats. Fourty five Sprague Dawley rats divided into eight treatment grups and one control, fed with tempe and soybean from GM and non-GM at 10% and 20% concentrations for 90 days. The results showed that there was no significant difference in term of protein quality, tempe made from GM soybean is substantially equivalent with tempe made from non-GM soybean. Results showed that group which was given ration of 10% protein from conventional soybean had lower liver and kidney MDA levels as compared to GM tempe 10% and 20% groups, but was not significant compared to conventional soybean 20% and casein 10% groups. While the value of liver and kidney SOD activity were not significantly different (p>0.05) between the groups of rats. There was no significant differences among the spermatozoa profiles treatment groups and control and they were within normal condition. Results of protein quality, MDA, SOD, and spermatozoa profile showed that tempe made from GM soybean was substantially equivalent with the non-GM soybean.Keywords: GM soybean, MDA, non-GM tempe, SOD, spermatozoa profileABSTRAKTujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh tempe Pangan Rekayasa Genetik (PRG) dan non-PRG meliputi kualitas protein, kadar malondialdehida (MDA) hati dan ginjal, aktivitas superoksida dismutase (SOD) hati dan ginjal, dan profil spermatozoa pada tikus percobaan. Sebanyak 45 tikus terbagi ke dalam delapan perlakuan dan satu kontrol yang diberikan perlakuan dengan ransum tempe dan kedelai, baik PRG maupun non-PRG, dengan konsentrasi 10% dan 20% selama 90 hari. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan dalam kualitas protein, tempe PRG memiliki nilai yang sama dengan tempe non-PRG. Tikus yang diberi ransum 10% protein kedelai non-PRG mempunyai nilai MDA hati dan ginjal yang lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan tempe PRG 10% dan 20%, tetapi tidak signifikan dengan kelompok kedelai non-PRG 20% dan kasein 10%. Sementara itu, nilai SOD hati dan ginjal tidak signifikan antar grup perlakuan (p>0,05). Tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan pada profil spermatozoa antar perlakuan. Hasil dari kualitas protein, MDA, SOD, dan profil spermatozoa menunjukkan bahwa kedelai dan tempe PRG memiliki kesamaan substansial dengan kedelai dan tempe non-PRG.Kata kunci: MDA, profil spermatozoa, SOD, tempe kedelai PRG, tempe kedelai non-PR
ESTIMASI POTENSI KERUGIAN EKONOMI DAN BIAYA PENANGGULANGAN AKIBAT ANEMIA DI INDONESIA
Get PDFThe aim of this study was to estimate the economic loss and cost of intervention due to iron deficiency anemia (IDA) in Indonesia. The data in this research were secondary data from several related institution. Potential economic losses due to IDA can be estimated by calculating the economic value of cognitive impairment, reduced work productivity, and increased maintenance costs due to low birth weight. The economic value of cognitive impairment estimated by multiplying the wages, prevalence and population. The economic value of decreased productivity of labour was estimated by multiplying the wages of non-agricultural, agricultural wages, prevalence, population and labor force participation rate (LFPR). The result of this research are the total amount of potential national loss due to IDA approximately Rp 62.02 trillion per year (US150 milion). The cost of intervention is less than the economic loss.Keywords: cost of intervention, economic loss, iron deficiency anemia