Jurnal Gizi dan Pangan
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KARAKTERISTIK FISIKOKIMIA TEPUNG TEMPE KECAMBAH KEDELAI
Get PDFThis research was conducted to compare physicochemical characteristics of germinated soybean tempe flour (GST flour) and soybean tempe flour (ST flour). Soybean was germinated within 28 hours and then processed into tempe. Germinated soybean tempe and soybean tempe were freeze-dried for 26 hours, and then milled into GST flour and ST flour. The GST flour and ST flour were used for physical and chemical analysis. The used of germinated soybean was proven to affect the quality of flour. GST flour had 53.37 % db protein, 24.97 mg AEAC antioxidant capacity/100 g tempe, 5.08 mg tocopherol/100 g db, 81.75 mg isoflavone/100 g db, and minerals (Ca, P, Fe, Zn) which were higher than that of the ST flour. GST flour also had better quality than that of ST flour, in term of: higher bulk density (0.42 g/ml), lower water activity (0.63), and lower repose angle (39.94o).Keywords: chemical characteristic, germinated soybean tempe, physical characteristic, soybean tempe
LATIHAN INTENSITAS SEDANG DAN BERAT MEMPERBAIKI VO2MAX, INDEKS MASSA TUBUH, DAN PERSEN LEMAK TUBUH REMAJA OBES
Get PDFThe objective of this study was to analyze the effects of moderate and high exercise intensity on VO2max, body mass index (BMI), and percent of body fat in obese adolescents. Thirty obese adolescents were randomly assigned to control, moderate intensity training (MIT), and high intensity interval training (HIIT) groups. The MIT and HIIT groups exercised by using treadmill for 40 minutes, three times per week during six weeks of intervention. Exercise on the subject of MIT and HIIT groups began with a five minute warm up by running on treadmill at 50-55% HRmax. After warming up, the MIT group ran for 30 minutes at 65-70% HRmax. Meanwhile, HIIT group should run for two minutes at 90-95% HRmax with one minute active recovery at 55% HRmax between each interval for a total of 30 minutes. Exercise ended with five minutes of cooling down at 50-55% HRmax. The results showed that HIIT group significantly had higher VO2max than MIT group (p<0.05). A signification reduction in body mass index and percent of body fat was observed for MIT and HIIT groups in comparison to the control group after the intervention (p<0.05). In conclusion, HIIT over six weeks increased VO2max higher than MIT. HIIT and MIT are equally effective in reducing BMI and percent of body fat in obese adolescents.Keywords: exercise intensity, nutritional status, percent of body fat, VO2max
HUBUNGAN ANTARA PRAKTIK ANTENATAL CARE PADA KEHAMILAN REMAJA DENGAN ANEMIA DI BOGOR
Get PDFThe objective of this research was to study antenatal care (ANC) practices and its association to anaemia on adolescent pregnancies. A cross-sectional design was applied in Bogor City between January to March 2016. A number of 72 pregnant adolescents (aged 10-19 years) participated in the study. Hemoglobin was collected through venous blood and analyzed with cyanmethemoglobin method. Data analysis using Chi-square test. The result showed that 30.6% of pregnant adolescent came lately for their first visit of antenatal care (missed first trimester). Overall, the prevalence of anaemia (Hb <11 g/dl) was found to be 45.8%. There was no significant association between anaemia with consumption of iron supplementation, energy intake, iron intake, and vitamin C intake (p>0.05). However, there was a significant association between protein intake and anaemia (p<0.05). Antenatal care pratices on adolescencts pregnancy was low. Many of them had anaemia in their pregnancy. Protein intake should be increased to reduce the incidence of anemia in adolescents pregnancy.Keywords: anaemia, antenatal care, pregnant adolescent
POLA KONSUMSI, STATUS KESEHATAN DAN HUBUNGANNYA DENGAN STATUS GIZI DAN PERKEMBANGAN BALITA
Get PDFABSTRACTThis study was aimed to analyze relationship between patterns of consumption and health status with nutritional status and development of children under five years. The design of this study was cross sectional. Subject in this study were 63 children under five years. Food consumption data was collected using Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) and child development data using Bina Keluarga Balita instruments. The results showed severe wasting and wasting existed in the under three years children but not in preschool. Under three years children had an average growth rate greater than preschool. There is a significant relationship between maternal employment and health caregiving pattern with nutritional status (WHZ) (p=0.015), income with nutritional status (HAZ) (p=0.009), and disease history within a month with nutritional status (WAZ) (p=0.022). Mothers should pay more attention to children’s health caregiving pattern and provide sufficient time for the children.Keywords: consumption, development, health, nutritional statusABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan pola konsumsi dan status kesehatan dengan status gizi dan perkembangan balita. Desain penelitian adalah cross sectional dengan subjek sebanyak 63 balita. Data pola konsumsi diambil menggunakan Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) dan data perkembangan balita diambil menggunakan instrumen Bina Keluarga Balita. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa status gizi sangat kurus dan kurus masih ada pada usia batita tetapi tidak ada di usia prasekolah. Sebagian besar subjek yang berusia batita memiliki rata-rata nilai perkembangan lebih besar dibandingkan subjek yang berusia prasekolah. Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara pekerjaan ibu dan pola asuh kesehatan dengan status gizi (BB/TB) (p=0,015), pendapatan per kapita dengan status gizi (TB/U) (p=0,009), dan riwayat penyakit sebulan dengan status gizi (BB/U) (p=0,022). Ibu sebaiknya lebih memperhatikan pola asuh kesehatan anak dan menyediakan waktu yang cukup untuk anak.Kata kunci: kesehatan, konsumsi, perkembangan, status giz
KEPATUHAN KONSUMSI SUPLEMEN BESI DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP KEJADIAN ANEMIA PADA IBU HAMIL DI KOTA TANGERANG
Get PDFABSTRACTThe objective of this cross sectional study was to analyze the iron supplementation compliance and its influences on anemia prevalence among pregnant women in Tangerang. Structured interviews with pregnant women (n=91) were conducted between February and June 2015 in Tangerang, Banten. Duration of pregnancy, frequency of antenatal care (ANC) visits, and health worker’s practices on iron supplementation were correlated with women’s compliance to take the iron supplements (p<0.05). The prevalence of anemia was 42.9%. Poor compliance with iron supplementation was significantly associated with increased risk of anemia (OR=4.250; 95%CI: 1.425-12.671). This study implies the importance of enhancing the quality of ANC counselling to improve utilization of iron supplements and prevent anemia among pregnant women.Keywords: anemia, compliance, iron supplementation, pregnant womenABSTRAKPenelitian cross sectional study ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kepatuhan konsumsi suplemen besi dan pengaruhnya terhadap kejadian anemia pada ibu hamil di Kota Tangerang. Wawancara terstruktur kepada ibu hamil (n=91) dilakukan pada bulan Februari sampai Juni 2015 di Tangerang, Banten. Usia kehamilan, frekuensi kunjungan antenatal care (ANC), dan praktik petugas kesehatan dalam suplementasi besi berhubungan dengan kepatuhan ibu dalam mengonsumsi suplemen (p<0,05). Prevalensi anemia pada ibu hamil sebesar 42,9%. Ketidakpatuhan ibu dalam mengonsumsi suplemen besi meningkatkan risiko terjadinya anemia secara signifikan (OR=4,250; 95%CI: 1,425-12,671). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan pentingnya meningkatkan kualitas konseling saat ANC untuk meningkatkan kepatuhan konsumsi suplemen besi dalam upaya pencegahan dan penanggulangan anemia pada ibu hamil.Kata kunci: anemia, ibu hamil, kepatuhan, suplementasi bes
KUALITAS KONSUMSI PANGAN DI DAERAH DEFISIT PANGAN PROVINSI RIAU
Get PDFABSTRACTThis study was aimed to asses the quality of food consumption and analyze the associated factors to improve the quality of food consumption of Riau Province, the food deficit region. A descriptive analytical study method was applied; and the data used in this research was secondary data. Descriptive and multiple regression analysis were applied for this study. The results showed that the food consumption quality was low which was dominated by food derived from grains, oils and fats and sugar. Food availability quality, income percapita, and food prices were not significantly associated with the food consumption quality. The strategies to improve the quality of food consumption are through developing a better institutions for food processing and marketing in rural in order to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of food distribution, and the value-added; increasing people knowledge on food and nutrition.Keywords: deficit region, food quality, food security, nutrition educationABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan menilai kualitas konsumsi pangan penduduk daerah defisit pangan Provinsi Riau dan menganalisis faktor yang memengaruhinya. Pendekatan penelitian adalah deskriptif analitis. Jenis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data sekunder dan uji yang digunakan adalah regresi berganda. Hasil kajian menunjukkan kualitas konsumsi pangan penduduk belum baik, karena masih didominasi oleh konsumsi pangan yang berasal dari kelompok padi-padian, minyak dan lemak serta gula. Ketersediaan pangan, pendapatan per kapita penduduk, harga pangan secara bersama-sama tidak memengaruhi secara signifikan terhadap kualitas konsumsi pangan penduduk. Peningkatan kualitas konsumsi pangan penduduk di daerah defisit pangan dapat dilakukan antara lain dengan mengembangkan kelembagaan pengolahan dan pemasaran di perdesaan untuk meningkatkan efisiensi dan efektivitas distribusi pangan dan peningkatan pengetahuan pangan dan gizi masyarakat yang berkelanjutan.Kata kunci: daerah defisit, ketahanan pangan, kualitas pangan, pendidikan giz
POLA KONSUMSI PANGAN DAN ASUPAN ENERGI DAN ZAT GIZI ANAK STUNTING DAN TIDAK STUNTING 0—23 BULAN
Get PDFABSTRACTThe objectives of this study were to analyze food consumption, energy, and nutrients intake patterns between stunting and non-stunting in young children of 0—23 months old, using the data from BHR (Basic Health Research) 2010. The data sub-set from BHR 2010 was obtained into e-files form. From 6 634 under-two children 3 539 were screened out due to incompleteness, outlier, and unusual food consumption during data collection. Nutritional status data were processed using the WHO AnthroPlus 2007, while the other data/statistics were processed using the Excel and SPSS for windows. The different on food consumption pattern was performed with Man-Whitney U test. Food consumption, energy and nutrients intake patterns which measured were type number of food consumption, group number of food consumption, frequency of food consumption, nutrient adequacy, nutrient quality, and nutrients density. The results of study showed that analyze food consumption, and energy and nutrients intake patterns were different between stunting and non-stunting YC according to their age group; the higher the age, the higher their difference. There was no difference in food consumption, and energy and nutrients intake patterns between stunting and non-stunting children 0—5 months. Meanwhile, there was difference in children 6—11 and 12—23 months. The average of protein adequacy and protein density was difference between stunting and non-stunting children 6—11 months. In children 12—23 months, the differences not only in the average of protein adequacy and protein density but also in average of energy and calcium adequacy and calcium density, phosphor, vitamin A, and C adequacy, nutrient quality, and type number of food. Implications for Indonesia that is necessary to study the efficacy of nutritional interventions to achieving optimal linear growth in young children.Key words: children 0—23 months old, food pattern, stuntingABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pola konsumsi pangan dan asupan energi dan gizi anak stunting dan tidak stunting 0—23 bulan menggunakan data Riskesdas 2010. Sub-set data Riskesdas 2010 diperoleh dalam bentuk e-files. Dari 6 634 data anak baduta dalam e-files Riskesdas 2010, sejumlah 3 539 data anak dikeluarkan karena data tidak lengkap, pencilan, konsumsi pangan saat kondisi tidak biasa. Status gizi diolah menggunakan WHO AntroPlus 2007, pengolahan data lainnya menggunakan program Microsoft Excel 2007 dan SPSS for windows. Uji beda pola konsumsi pangan menerapkan Mann-Whitney U test. Pola konsumsi pangan dan asupan energi dan zat gizi yang diukur berupa jumlah jenis konsumsi pangan, jumlah kelompok konsumsi pangan, frekuensi konsumsi pangan, tingkat kecukupan zat gizi, mutu gizi asupan pangan, dan densitas asupan zat gizi. Hasil kajian menunjukkan pola konsumsi pangan dan asupan energi dan zat gizi anak stunting dan tidak stunting 0—23 bulan berbeda menurut kelompok umur; semakin bertambah umur semakin meningkat perbedaannya. Pada anak 0—5 bulan tidak ada perbedaan pola konsumsi pangan dan asupan energi dan gizi anak stunting dan tidak stunting; sebaliknya pada anak 6—11 dan 12—23 bulan. Pada anak 6—11 bulan, rata-rata tingkat kecukupan protein anak stunting dan tidak stunting berbeda, demikian pula densitas asupan protein. Pada anak 12—23 bulan, tidak hanya rata-rata tingkat kecukupan protein dan densitas asupan protein, tetapi rata-rata tingkat kecukupan energi, tingkat kecukupan kalsium dan densitas asupan kalsium, tingkat kecukupan fosfor, tingkat kecukupan vitamin A, tingkat kecukupan vitamin C, mutu gizi makanan, dan bahkan jenis pangan juga berbeda. Implikasi untuk Indonesia yaitu perlu dilakukan penelitian efikasi intervensi zat gizi tersebut untuk pencapaian pertumbuhan linier optimal anak.Kata kunci: anak 0—23 bulan, pola konsumsi pangan, stuntin
INDEKS MASSA TUBUH RENDAH PADA AWAL KEHAMILAN DAN DEFISIENSI VITAMIN A PADA TRIMESTER KEDUA SEBAGAI FAKTOR RISIKO GANGGUAN PERTUMBUHAN LINIER PADA BAYI LAHIR
Get PDFThe objective of this study was to analyze risk factors related to pregnancy nutritional status on the linear growth of newborn infants. The data used in this research was secondary data from longitudinal studies of nutritional status of pregnant women and their offspring in Bogor District. The variables used included body weight at early pregnancy, body height, weight gain, serum protein, serum albumin, hemoglobin, serum zinc, serum retinol, energy adequacy, protein adequacy and protein density at second and third trimester of pregnancy. A multiple logistic regression was applied to analyze the risk factors. The results showed that vitamin A deficiency (serum retinol <20 μg/dl) of the second trimester and body mass index <18.5 kg/m2 at early pregnancy, are the risk factors of the linear growth of newborn infants (OR = 11.12 and 8.84). This implies that normal nutritional status at early pregnancy is important in preventing stunting among newborn infants.Keywords: body mass index, linear growth, newborn infants, pregnant women, vitamin A deficiency
PERUBAHAN PENGETAHUAN, SIKAP, DAN PRAKTIK JAJANAN ANAK SEKOLAH DASAR PESERTA PROGRAM EDUKASI PANGAN JAJANAN
Get PDFThe study objective was to analyze the effect of nutrition education programs on snacking behavior of school children. A pre-post intervention study was conducted at 13 districts/cities from 8 provinces in Indonesia, and involved 1,600 grade 5 school children. The snack education program was done by PT Unilever Indonesia in the period of May 2016. The intervention was conducted at the schools by applying education media such as flipcharts, posters and audio-kinetic for children exercices. A self-administered measurement by a validated questionnaire was applied to assess knowledge, attitudes and practices before and after the program. The results showed that before intervention there are 50.9% of school children had good knowledge, 82.8% had good attitude, 34.0% of children had bad practices on snacks food. After the education program, the good knowledge increase by 16.2% and the good attitudes increased by 7.4% of children. Only few students (2.7%) increased practices on good snacking, meanwhile there was 13.4% decrease on poor snack practices. In conclusion, the education program could improve the snacking behavior in school children.Keywords: attitudes, knowledge, practices, school children, snack food
PERUBAHAN STATUS GIZI BALITA PADA PROGRAM EDUKASI DAN REHABILITASI GIZI
Get PDFABSTRACTThis study was aimed to analyze factors that influence the change in nutritional status of children under-five years who participated in Nutrition Education and Rehabilitation Program. This research used secondary data with a pre-post intervention study (one group before and after intervention design) of 141 subjects. Six months intervention program which applied to the children consisted of provision of complementary feeding and supplement of zinc along with nutrition and health education for the mothers. This research conducted at District of East Kutai, Province of East Kalimantan. The average WAZ score of subjects after participating had increased significantly (-1.9±0.6) compared before participating in this program (-2.3±0.5) (p<0.05). Subjects with a good appetite tended to increase WAZ score four times than the worse one, while diarrhea subjects tended to have 0.3 times smaller WAZ score increase than non-diarrhea subjects.Keywords: children under-five years, diarrhea, nutrition education, rehabilitationABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap perubahan status gizi balita pada Program Edukasi dan Rehabilitasi Gizi. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder. Desain yang digunakan adalah pre-post intervention study dengan jumlah subjek sebanyak 141 balita. Intervensi yang diberikan pada balita berupa pemberian makanan tambahan bersama, suplemen zink, dan penyuluhan gizi dan kesehatan bagi ibu balita. Intervensi tersebut diberikan selama 6 bulan dan dilaksanakan di Kabupaten Kutai Timur, Provinsi Kalimantan Timur. Rata-rata z-score BB/U balita setelah mengikuti Program Edukasi dan Rehabilitasi Gizi adalah nyata lebih tinggi (-1,9±0,6) dibandingkan sebelum mengikuti program tersebut (-2,3±0,5) (p<0,05). Anak balita yang memiliki nafsu makan yang baik cenderung mengalami kenaikan status gizi (BB/U) empat kali lebih besar daripada balita yang nafsu makannya kurang baik. Balita yang mengalami diare memiliki kecenderungan 0,3 kali lebih kecil mengalami kenaikan status gizi (BB/U) dibandingkan yang tidak mengalami diare.Kata kunci: balita, diare, edukasi gizi, rehabilitas