Jurnal Gizi dan Pangan
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POLA ASUH MAKAN, PERKEMBANGAN BAHASA, DAN KOGNITIF ANAK BALITA STUNTED DAN NORMAL DI KELURAHAN SUMUR BATU, BANTAR GEBANG BEKASI
Get PDFABSTRACTThe purposes of this study were to identify the association between nutritional status, language and cognitive development and also differences of language and cognitive development between normal and stunted underfives children. The study design was a cross-sectional. Sample size was 70 children consisted of 35 normal and 35 stunted children. The highest percentage level of education of fathers and mothers only primary school and more than half of children from poor families. There was significant difference (p<0.05) of language and cognitive development between normal and stunted children. It was show that normal children had higher language and cognitive development scores than stunted children. Also there was significant difference (p<0.05) between age of children, mother level of education, and family income with language and cognitive development. Child care practices was no difference between stunted children and non-stunted children, non-stunted mothers child practices scores was higher than stunted children. There was a significant association between nutritional status based on Height/Age with language development (p<0.05).Key words: cognitive, language, stunting, underfives childrenABSTRAKTujuan dari studi ini adalah untuk mengetahui kaitan status gizi dengan perkembangan bahasa dan kognitif pada anak yang berstatus gizi normal dan stunted. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross sectional. Total subjek pada penelitian ini sebanyak 70 anak balita, terdiri dari 35 anak balita berstatus gizi stunted dan 35 anak berstatus gizi normal. Sebagian besar pendidikan orang tua adalah SD dan berasal dari keluarga miskin. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan signifikan (p<0.05) skor perkembangan bahasa dan kognitif pada anak balita normal dan stunted berdasarkan usia balita, tingkat pendidikan ibu, pendapatan keluarga, dan besar keluarga. Kelompok balita normal memiliki pencapaian perkembangan bahasa dan kognitif yang lebih tinggi daripada kelompok anak balita stunted. Tidak terdapat perbedaan pola asuh makan anak balita normal dan stunted (p>0.05), namun skor pola asuh makan ibu anak balita normal lebih tinggi daripada anak balita stunted. Berdasarkan uji korelasi terdapat hubungan signifikan (p<0.05) antara status gizi indeks (TB/U) anak balita dengan perkembangan bahasa, namun tidak terdapat hubungan antara status gizi indeks (TB/U) dengan perkembangan kognitif balita.Kata kunci: anak balita, bahasa, kognitif, stuntin
BERAS ANALOG SEBAGAI PANGAN FUNGSIONAL DENGAN INDEKS GLIKEMIK RENDAH
Get PDFABSTRACTThe objective of this research was to produce rice analogue as functional food with low glycemic index. The rice was made from white corn and sorghum with additional soybean flour. The physicochemical properties of rice analogue being analysed were resistant starch content, total phenolic content, dietary fiber, color (L*, +a, +b values) and whiteness (oHue). Rice analogue was potentially used as functional food indicated by high level of resistant starch 2.59%-3.31%, total phenolic content 0.18-0.25 mg GAE/g sample and dietary fiber 5.35%-6.14%. Rice analogue from white corn with and without soybean flour was further tested for glycemic index. Rice analogue from white corn has 69 GI value, while rice analogue from white corn with 10% soybean flour addition has 50 GI value.Keywords: functional food, glycemic index, rice analogueABSTRAKTujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan beras analog yang berpotensi sebagai pangan fungsional dan bernilai indeks glikemik rendah. Beras analog dibuat dari bahan baku jagung putih dan sorgum dengan penambahan tepung kedelai. Sifat fisiko kimia beras analog yang dianalisis adalah pati resisten, total fenol, serat pangan, warna (nilai L*, +a, +b) dan derajat putih (oHue). Beras analog berpotensi sebagai pangan fungsional, yang ditunjukkan dengan tingginya kadar pati resisten yaitu sebanyak 2,59%-3,31%, total fenol sekitar 0,18-0,25 mg GAE/g sampel dan serat pangan antara 5,35%-6,14%. Beras analog berbahan baku jagung putih dengan dan tanpa penambahan kedelai dipilih untuk uji indeks glikemik. Beras analog dari jagung putih memiliki nilai IG 69 sedangkan beras analog dari jagung putih dengan penambahan tepung kedelai 10% memiliki nilai IG 50.Kata kunci: beras analog, indeks glikemik, pangan fungsiona
PENGETAHUAN, PERSEPSI, DAN SIKAP IBU HAMIL TERHADAP KLAIM GIZI KAITANNYA DENGAN KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN PRODUK SUSU IBU HAMIL
Get PDFThe purposes of this research was to analyze the influence of individual characteristics, nutritional knowledge, nutrition claim’s knowledge, perception and attitude on nutrition claim of maternal milk product on purchasing decision. This research used cross sectional study design, on 60 pregnant women that consisted of 30 who have consumed and 30 who didn’t consume maternal milk products. This research was conducted in working area of Public Health Centre Ciampea, Bogor District which was choosen purposively. Dependent variable in this research are individual characteristics, nutritional knowledge, nutrition claim’s knowledge, perception and attitude on nutrition claim, meanwhile independent variable in this research is purchasing decision of maternal milk product. Statistic analysis used in this research were Mann Whitney and logistic regression analysis. Education level, family income, income per capita, and nutrition knowledge of subject who consumed maternal milk product was better than who did not consume maternal milk. The opportunity of purchasing decision on maternal milk product would increase 3,99 times if education level was more than 9 years, 4,18 times when family income was more than Rp 1.500.000 every month, and 3,69 times when index of nutrition claim’s perception was more than 65. This research is intended to increase awareness for understanding nutrition claim on maternal milk products and can help food industry to identify factor that influence purchasing decision on maternal milk products.Keywords: maternal milk product, nutrition claim, pregnant women, purchasing decision
PENAMBAHAN PEGAGAN (Centella asiatica) DENGAN BERBAGAI KONSENTRASI DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP SIFAT FISIKO-KIMIA COOKIES SAGU
Get PDFABSTRACTThe objective of this research was to study antioxidant activity in pegagan sago cookies with various concentrations of pegagan powder. This research was conducted in two stages which was preliminary and main research. Preliminary research included making of pegagan powder, cookies formula, and organoleptic test. Primary research included formulation and making cookies with various concentrations of pegagan powder, physico-chemical properties observations, antioxidant activity and organoleptic test. The method used in this research was Complete Randomized Design with the factor was pegagan powder concentration. Pegagan powder concentration used in this research were 0%, 5.5%, 6.5%, and 7.5%. The determination of selected products made by considering the results of organoleptic test, antioxidant activity, and total amount of phenol. The selected cookies was the 7.5% cookies which had antioxidant activity as much as 15.2% and equivalent to 140 mg of vitamin C and 905.4 mg phenols in 100 g of cookies. The result of variance analysis showed that addition of pegagan with various concentrations did not significantly affect the antioxidant activity and total phenol of cookies (p<0.05).Keywords: antioxidant, cookies, pegagan, sago, total phenolABSTRAKTujuan penelitian adalah mempelajari aktivitas antioksidan cookies sagu pegagan dengan berbagai konsentrasi serbuk pegagan. Penelitian dilakukan dalam dua tahapan, yaitu penelitian pendahuluan dan utama. Penelitian pendahuluan mencakup pembuatan serbuk pegagan, formula cookies dan uji organoleptik. Penelitian utama terdiri atas formulasi dan pembuatan cookies dengan berbagai konsentrasi serbuk pegagan, pengamatan sifat fisiko-kimia, aktivitas antioksidan, dan uji organoleptik. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan faktor konsentrasi serbuk pegagan pada pembuatan cookies dengan empat taraf yaitu 0%, 5,5%, 6,5%, dan 7,5%. Penentuan produk terpilih dilakukan dengan mempertimbangkan hasil uji organoleptik, aktivitas antioksidan, dan total fenol cookies. Cookies sagu pegagan yang terpilih adalah cookies 7,5% yang memiliki aktivitas antioksidan sebanyak 15,2% dan kekuatannya setara dengan 140 mg vitamin C/100 g cookies serta mengandung 905,4 mg total fenol dalam 100 g cookies. Hasil sidik ragam menunjukkan bahwa penambahan pegagan dengan berbagai konsentrasi tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap aktivitas antioksidan dan total fenol cookies (p>0,05).Kata kunci: antioksidan, cookies, pegagan, sagu, total feno
PERCENT FAT MASS AND BODY MASS INDEX AS CARDIORESPIRATORY FITNESS PREDICTORS IN YOUNG ADULTS
Get PDFABSTRACTThe present study aimed to analyze the association between body fatness measures, i.e. body mass index (BMI) and percent fat mass (% FM) with cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) in young adults. Seventy five undergraduate students aged 19-21 years were included in this cross sectional study. Body composition was assessed by tetra polar Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis method, and CRF was determined as VO2 max level by conducting Balke test and flexibility by sit-and-reach test. Regression tests were performed to assess the associations between the body fatness measures and CRF. The mean (SD) % FM and BMI were 25.6 (8.3) % and 22.4 (4.2) kg/m2, respectively. Both BMI and % FM were inversely associated with VO2 max and flexibility. The associations of % FM with each CRF measure were stronger (% FM-VO2 max: R2=0.45, p<0.0001; % FM-flexibility: R2=0.16, p<0.0001) than those of BMI (BMI-VO2 max: R2= 0.12, p=0.002; BMI-flexibility: R2=0.07, p<0.0001). Including gender as a variable predictor greatly improved almost all associations. We suggest that %FM is a better predictor for VO2max than BMI. Further studies are needed to elucidate the relationships of body fatness measures adjusted for potential confounding factors with CRF measures other than VO2 max.Keywords: body mass index, cardiorespiratory fitness, percent fat massABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan hubungan antara persentase lemak tubuh (PLT) dan indeks massa tubuh (IMT) dengan kebugaran kardiorespiratorik (KKR) pada dewasa muda. Penelitian menggunakan desain potong lintang dengan melibatkan 75 orang mahasiswa usia 19-21 tahun. PLT ditentukan dengan metode tetra polar Bioelectrical Impedance dan KKR ditentukan dengan VO2max berdasarkan uji Balke dan fleksibilitas dengan uji sit-and-reach. Hubungan antara PLT dan IMT dengan KKR dianalisis dengan uji regresi. Rata-rata (standar deviasi) dari PLT dan IMT berturut-turut adalah 25,6 (8,3)% dan 22,4 (4,2) kg/m2. Baik PLT maupun IMT berbanding terbalik dengan nilai VO2 max dan fleksibilitas. Korelasi antara PLT dengan kedua komponen KKR lebih kuat (PLT-VO2 max: R2=0,45 p<0,0001; PLT-fleksibilitas: R2=0,16 p<0,0001) dibanding IMT (IMT-VO2 max: R2=0,12 p=0,002; IMT-fleksibilitas: R2=0,07 p<0,0001). Memasukkan gender sebagai prediktor variabel memperkuat semua korelasi kecuali antara PLT dan fleksibilitas. Diperlukan studi lebih lanjut untuk mempelajari hubungan antara komposisi tubuh termasuk faktor perancu potensial dengan fleksibilitas dan komponen KKR lainnya.Kata kunci: indeks massa tubuh, kebugaran kardiorespiratorik, persen lemak tubu
PREFERENSI DAN FREKUENSI KONSUMSI MAKANAN JAJANAN PADA ANAK SEKOLAH DASAR DI KECAMATAN CIJERUK,KABUPATEN BOGOR
Get PDFABSTRACTThis study aimed to analyze preference and consumption frequency of street foods among elementary school children at Cijeruk sub-district, Bogor District. The design used as survey method at three elementary schools at the area, namely SDN 01 Palasari, SDN 02 Palasari, dan SDN 01 Cipicung. The data was collected in April until June 2012. The subjects of study were 80 students at 4th and 5th grade of elementary school, consisted of 40 boys and 40 girls. Data collection was done by observation and interview to students. The data collected were: family characteristics, individual characteristics, nutrition knowledge, preference and the reasons, and consumption frequency of the street foods. The results showed that family size of subjects mostly (65.5%) categorized as moderate (consisted of 4—6 persons). Both father’s and mother’s education level were categorized as low, namely graduated from elementary shools (42.5% each) and even ungraduated of elementary schools (31.3% and 23.8%). In general, family income per capita was categorized as poor (51.3%) and almost poor (40.0%), with average of Rp 183 063 which was lower than poverty line of West Java Province at sub-urban areas (Rp 210 000). The average of pocket money of subjects was Rp 2 293.7. Nutrition knowledge of subjects was generally categorized as moderate (47.5%). All of subjects stated that they like street foods. The order of street foods from high to low prefered by subjects was fruit, beverages, fried food, cakes, dried snack, and dish foods. The primary preference reason of subjects on street foods was taste (minimal 60% for each food group). The order of street foods which highly to rarely consumed per week was fried food (7.0 times), beverages (6.7 times), cakes (6.3 times), dish foods (6.2 times), salted-dried snacks (5.3 times), and fruits (5.0 times).Key words: consumption frequency, preference, reasons of preference, street foodABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis preferensi dan frekuensi makanan jajanan pada anak SD di Kecamatan Cijeruk, Kabupaten Bogor. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode survey, di tiga Sekolah Dasar di Kecamatan Cijeruk, Kabupaten Bogor, yaitu SDN 01 Palasari, SDN 02 Palasari, dan SDN 01 Cipicung. Pengambilan data dilakukan pada bulan April hingga Juni 2012. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas 4 dan kelas 5 SD, berjumlah 80 siswa, terdiri dari 40 siswa laki-laki dan 40 siswa perempuan. Penarikan subjek dilakukan secara purposive proposional dari populasi siswa di ketiga SD terpilih. Data dikumpulkan dengan cara pengamatan dan wawancara kepada siswa, terdiri dari karakteristik keluarga, karakteristik individu, pengetahuan gizi, preferensi dan alasannya, serta frekuensi konsumsi makanan jajanan. Besar keluarga subjek sebagian besar (65.5%) tergolong sedang (4—6 orang). Pendidikan ayah dan ibu subjek sebagian besar tamatan SD (42.5%) dan tidak tamat SD (31.3% dan 23.8%). Pendapatan keluarga per kapita subjek umumnya tergolong miskin (51.3%) dan 40.0% termasuk kategori hampir miskin. Rata-rata pendapatan keluarga per kapita adalah Rp 183 063, lebih rendah dari garis kemiskinan Jawa Barat pedesaan (Rp 210 000). Rata-rata uang jajan subjek adalah Rp 2 293.7. Pengetahuan gizi subjek umumnya (47.5%) berada pada kategori sedang. Urutan makanan jajanan yang paling disukai hingga agak disukai adalah buah, minuman, makanan gorengan, kue, keringan asin, dan jajanan sepinggan. Alasan utama subjek dalam menyukai semua kelompok makanan jajanan adalah rasa (minimal 60%). Urutan kelompok jajanan dengan frekuensi konsumsi dalam seminggu dari tertinggi hingga terendah adalah makanan digoreng (7.0 kali), minuman (6.7 kali), kue (6.3 kali), jajanan sepinggan (6.2 kali), keringan asin (5.3 kali), dan buah (5.0 kali).Kata kunci: alasan suka, frekuensi konsumsi, makanan jajanan, preferens
ASUPAN SENG, KADAR SERUM SENG, DAN STUNTING PADA ANAK SEKOLAH DI PESISIR SEMARANG
Get PDFThe purpose of this study is to determine prevalence of at risk inadequate intake of dietary zinc, and to analyze differences of zinc serum level between dietary zinc quintile and stunting status. A cross sectional study was conducted to 70 school children (9-12 years) selected by simple random sampling. Height was measured by stadiometer and weight was measured using calibrated digital weight-scale. Zinc serum level was analyzed by Atomic Absorbance Spectrophotometry (AAS) method, and dietary intake of zinc and iron was obtained using semi-quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). Data were analyzed using Anova test. Seventy percent subjects were at risk inadequate intake of dietary zinc based on Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) cut off and zinc serum levels among all subjects in this study were <65 μg/dl. There were 47.1% stunting children found in this study. Mean zinc serum levels significantly differences between dietary zinc quintile (p=0.000) and between stunting status (p=0.000). At risk inadequate dietary zinc still contributed to zinc deficiency in coastal school children population. Zinc status was significantly different between stunted and normal children.Keywords: coastal area, dietary zinc, EAR, stunting, zinc serum levels
EFIKASI SUPLEMENTASI FORMULA TEMPE BENGKUANG TERHADAP KADAR ALBUMIN DAN Z-SKOR BERAT BADAN MENURUT UMUR (BB/U) PADA ANAK GIZI KURANG
Get PDFThe aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of formulated tempe-yam supplementation on weight for age z-score of underweight children aged 2-4 years. A quasi experiment pre-post test with control group design was applied in this study for four weeks. The intervention group consist of 19 children given formulated tempe-yam 100 g/d; and the control group consist of 19 children given biscuit 100 g/d in Padang Pariaman district, West Sumatera. Data collected included weight, height, and albumin level. Paired t-test was applied for the data analysis. The results of this study found significant differences in albumin level before and after on control group (p<0.05). Then, the results of this study also found significant differences in weight for age z-score before and after on intervention group (p<0.05). Therefore, formulated tempe-yam supplementation as food sumplementation need to be considered for underweight children.Keywords: albumin level, food suplementation, tempe-yam, weight-for age z-score
KARAKTERISASI DAN INDEKS GLIKEMIK BERAS ANALOG BERBAHAN DASAR TEPUNG JAGUNG
Get PDFThe aim of this study was to obtain the most optimum rice analogue formulation made from corn, sago, soybean, and rice brans. DX7 Mixture Design program was used to achieve the purpose. Antioxidant and lightness were used as the analysis response. The rice was then characterized for physical and chemical properties, antioxidant activity, and glycemic index. The most optimum rice analogue formulation based on the value of antioxidant and brightness parameters consisted of 32.17% corn flour, 16.67% sagoo flour, 13.3% soybean flour, rice brans 3.16%, and 1.33% GMS (the water added was 50% of the amount of the dough). The formulation showed that the rice analogue was potential to be developed into a functional food that supplies fiber 13.30% (> 6.00%), had low glycemic index (54±18) with 28.02%. amylose , contained bioactive components that acts as antioxidants, such as α-tocopherols 1.00% and ϒ-oryzanol, 48.70%.Keywords: antioxidant, glicemic index, oryzanol, rice analog, tocopherol
POTENSI KERUGIAN EKONOMI KARENA STUNTING PADA BALITA DI INDONESIA TAHUN 2013
Get PDFThe research objective was to estimate the amount of economic potential losses due to stunting in toddlers in Indonesia. This is a descriptive research using secondary data in 2013 from various relevant institutes. Data was collected from Indonesia\u27s Ministry of Health and Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS). Calculation from Konig (1995) and a correction factor of the Horton (1999). The results of the study that the average economic potential losses in 32 provinces in Indonesia was around Rp 96 billion-Rp 430 billion (0.15-0.67%) of the GRDP average of the provinces in Indonesia. Total cost for economic potential losses due to low productivity stunting in toddlers in Indonesia was around Rp 3,057 billion-Rp 13,758 billion (0.04-0.16%) of the total GDP of Indonesia.Keywords: economic potential losses, stunting, toddlers