Jurnal Gizi dan Pangan
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Effect of Galohgor Cookies and Powder Drinks on Visceral Adipose Tissue and Lipid Profile in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Get PDFThis study aimed to assess the intervention effect of cookies and galohgor powder drinks on visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and lipid profile in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The study design was quasi experimental. Subjects of this study were 26 adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Bogor District, West Java. Subjects were divided into two intervention groups; cookies and galohgor powder drinks (GCPD) group and cookies and powder drinks without galohgor (CPD) group. Both interventions were given for 38 days period. Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) was applied to assess the effect of interventions. The average changes in VAT controlled by covariates in GCPD group was significantly higher than in CPD group (-33.3% vs +6.7%; p<0.05), while the average changes in blood total cholesterol in GCPD group and CPD group were -8.5% and -3.8% (p>0.05). The average changes of triglycerides level in GCPD and with CPD group were -30.9% and +1.6% (p>0.05). The average changes in HDL level for GCPD group and CPD group were -9.0% and -12.0% (p>0.05). The average changes in LDL level for GCPD group and CPD group were -3.9% and -1.6% (p>0.05). Hence, it can be concluded that the administration of cookies and galohgor powder drinks significantly reduced the Visceral Adipose Tissue (VAT) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
The application of probability method to estimate micronutrient deficiencies prevalence of Indonesian adults
Get PDFThe objective of this study was to analyze micronutrient deficiencies (Ca, Fe, Zn, Vitamin A and C) of Indonesian adults using probability method (PBM) and cut-off point method (CPM). This research was conducted by analyzing secondary data from Total Diet Study of the Ministry of Health of Indonesia, obtained from 24-h food recall method. The subjects were 58, 014 adults aged 19-49 years. The nutrient requirement from Institute of Medicine were used as benchmark. Both PBM and CPM were applied to assess micronutrient deficiencies. The results showed that by applying PBM, the prevalence of calcium, iron, zinc, vitamin A and C deficiencies was 54.2%, 36.4%, 74.3%, 44.8% and 71.4% respectively; while the prevalence of calcium, iron, zinc, vitamin A and C deficiencies using CPM-100 was 63.9%, 42.5%, 80.7%, 55.8% and 81.7% respectively. PBM result showed more men than women were categorized as suffering from Zn, Vitamin A and C deficiencies; and more women were categorized as Ca and Fe deficiencies. The application of CPM-100 tended to result in overestimation compared to PBM. The nutrient densities of Ca, Fe, Zn, Vitamin A and C were higher in women than in men (p <0.05). The nutrient densities of Ca, Zn, vitamin A and C were below the recommended level for both men and women. This implies micronutrient deficiencies are prevalent among Indonesian adults thus there is a need to improve the quality of their diet. This can be achieved by increasing the consumption of protein source foods (fish, meat and legume), fruits and vegetables as sources of micronutrients
Iron Deficiency Risk Factors in Undernourished Children Aged 6-23 Months in Aceh, Indonesia
Get PDFThe study aimed to analyse both the prevalence and risk factors for iron deficiency in undernourished children aged 6-23 months in Aceh. A cross-sectional study design was applied on 154 underweight children selected through a cluster sampling. Ferritin serum was analysed using the the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), haemoglobin level using the cyanmethaemoglobin, socio-demographic and food frequency data were collected by interviews. Data on iron intake, dietary diversity and nutrient density were assesed by the repeated 24 hours recall method for three days. The results showed that 27.3% of children suffered from iron deficiency (ID), 50.7% was anaemic and 19.7% suffered from iron deficiency anaemia (IDA). Only 37.7% of children had received exclusive breast milk, 45.5% were given timely introduction of complementary feeding, 33.1% met the minimum meal frequency, 28.6% met dietary diversity, and 23.4% met the criteria for acceptable diet, 33.1% had iron intake from complementary feeding >40% RDA and 24.7% had enough iron density. Age, breastfeeding status and mother’s occupation were significantly associated with the occurrence of ID where children aged 12-23 months were at lower risk than those aged 6-11 months (OR=0.28; 95%CI:0.09-0.83), while children who were not breastfed had 11.33 times higher risk of suffering from ID (OR=11.33; 95%CI:1.38-93.39). Working mothers had 8.29 higher risk of having children with ID (OR=8.29; 95%CI:1.71-40.08). The prevalence of ID in undernourished children was very high, thus it is necessary to improve the quality of breastfeeding and complementary feeding practicess as well as other interventions integrated into reducing malnutrition and iron deficiency to accelerate prevention of malnutrition in children.
Perbedaan efek ekstrak buah naga merah (Hylocereus polyrhizus) dan ekstrak buah naga putih (Hylocereus undatus) terhadap kadar kolesterol total tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus)
Get PDFThis study aimed to compare the effect of red dragon fruit extract (Hylocereus polyrhizus) and white dragon fruit extract (Hylocereus undatus) to total cholesterol levels in white rats (Rattus norvegicus). Total of 30 males white wistar strains were divided into five treatments i.e: (1) standard feed and Na-CMC 1% (K1), (2) standard feed and quail egg 10ml/kgBW (K2), (3) standard feed, quail egg 10ml/kgBW and simvastatin dose 0,72mg/day (P1), (4) standard feed, quail egg 10ml/kgBW and red dragon fruit extract dose 60mg/200gBW/day (P2), (3) standard feed, quail egg 10 ml/kgBW and white dragon fruit extract dose 120mg/200gBW/day (P3). The intervention was carried out for 14 days after 7 days acclimatization period. Data was analyzed by One Way ANOVA test and continued with Post Hoc Bonferroni test (p=0.05). In P2 group, there was a difference of total blood cholesterol level by 25.83 mg/dl compared with the positive control group and statistically significant (p<0.05). In P1 and P3 group there were difference in cholesterol levels of 9.5 mg/dl and 11.5 mg/dl compared with the positive control group, but not statistically significant (p>0.05). The comparison between red dragon extract group and white dragon extract showed a non-significant difference (p>0.05). Red dragon fruit extract and white dragon extract have a potential effect to improve hypercholesterolemia conditions
Obesity Risk Factors among 25-65 Years Old Adults in Bogor City, Indonesia: A Prospective Cohort Study
Get PDFThis research was aimed to identify the obesity risk factors in adults aged 25-65 years old in 2011-2014. The study used secondary data from “Cohort study on risk factors of non-communicable diseases” that was collected for two years in 2011-2013 and 2012-2014. The research was designed as a prospective cohort study. The number of subjects was 1006, consisted of 364 men and 642 women. Results showed a 25% prevalence of obese (BMI≥25 kg/m2). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed the risk factors of obesity in adults aged 25-65 years old were gender, smoking habit, consumption of fatty foods, and duration of smoking habit. During the two years of observation, obesity developed faster in female subjects compared to male subjects, after adjusted to smoking habit, fat intake, and interaction between smoking habit and time. The risk of obesity in adults can be reduced by not starting smoking at early age and reducing consumption of fatty foods
Pengembangan media edukasi gizi berbasis android dan website serta pengaruhnya terhadap perilaku tentang gizi seimbang siswa sekolah dasar
Get PDFThe objective of this study were to analyze the effect of nutrition education media based on android and website to behavior and their relationships with balanced nutrition in primary school students. The design of this study was quasy experimental. A pre-post intervention study was conducted in Tuban City, East Java-Indonesia and involved 144 grades 5 primary school students. The intervention was conducted at the school by applying nutrition education media such as poster, powerpoint presentation, android, and website. A self-administered measurement with a validated questionnaire was applied to assess balanced nutrition behavior before and after the program. The result showed that a total of 72.9% school children had good knowledge, 78.5% positive attitude, 54.9% good practices on balanced nutrition before intervention. After the education program, the good knowledge, the positive attitude, and the good practices on balanced nutrition increased by 11.8%, 5.5%, and 15.9%, respectively. The media of nutrition education based on android was better than the others. In conclusion, the balanced nutrition behavior could be improved by the nutrition education program
Development of High Antioxidant Red Palm Oil Cake as a Potential Functional Food
Get PDFThis study aimed to develop high antioxidant cake product with red palm oil (RPO) content to substitute the use of margarine as a potential functional food. This study used a complete randomized design with four levels of RPO substitution for margarine, namely F0 (0:100), F1 (80:20), F2 (90:10), and F3 (100:0). Organoleptic results showed that high antioxidant cake F3 was best in which also contained the highest RPO addition level. The high antioxidant cake F3 had yellow colour, hardness of 650.67 gf, bulk density of 0.27 g/ml, 4.31% moisture, 1.48% ash, 21.66% fat, 9.76% protein, 62.80% carbohydrate, 40.74 ppm/100 g β-carotene, and the 470.44 mg/100 g antioxidant activity. Thus the product can be categorized as high in β-carotene. Therefore, this product has a potential to be a functional food options, especially for atherosclerosis prevention
Waist Circumference and Waist-to-Height Ratio as Indicators for Excess Adiposity in Adolescents
Get PDFThe aimed of study was to evaluate the accuracy of Waist Circumference (WC) and Waist-to-Height Ratio (WHtR) for identification of excess adiposity in adolescents. The study design was diagnostic study. The subjects consisted of 620 adolescents (283 boys and 337 girls) aged 14-18 years. The classification of excess adiposity termed as overfat and obese was based on age-and sex-specific percent body fat cut-off values of body fat reference curves for children from the Growth Foundation. Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses was used to assess the accuracy of WC and WHtR as diagnostic tests of excess adiposity in adolescent. Area under curve (AUC) of WC and WHtR for the diagnostic of overfat were over 0.8 for boys and over 0.9 for girls. Whereas for obese, the AUC of WC and WHtR were over 0.9 for both sexes. The thresholds for defining overfat were 75.25 cm for WC and 0.45 for WHtR (Sensitivity (Se) and Specificity (Sp) >0.8) for boys, and 73.85 cm for WC and 0.49 for WHtR (Se dan Sp >0.8) for girls. The thresholds for defining obese were 86.45 cm for WC and 0.51 for WHtR (Se=1; Sp>0.9) for boys, and 75.60 cm for WC (Se and Sp >0.8) and 0.55 for WHtR (Se>0.8; Sp >0.9) for girls. WC and WHtR are accurate for screening of excess adiposity in adolescents