Jurnal Gizi dan Pangan
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Consumption of Canola Oil vs. Other Common Oil(s) in Dyslipidemia Management among Urban Indian Adults
Get PDFThe present study was conducted to determine the effect of consuming canola oil vs. other common oil(s) on the lipid profile and anthropometric parameters of dyslipidemic adults. Eighty urban affluent dyslipidemic adults (40 experimental, 40 control) of age 30–45 years were enrolled from hospital based preventive health check programs for a 16-week non-randomized intervention trial. Dietary and lifestyle modification advice for management of lipid levels was provided to both the groups. Canola oil was provided for routine consumption only to the experimental group whilst the control group was advised to consume their usual oil(s) in recommended amounts (15ml/day). Height, weight, Body Mass Index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL), High Density Lipoprotein (HDL), Total Cholesterol (TC) and Triglycerides (TG) were measured at the beginning of the study (0 weeks), post run-in period (4 weeks) and post intervention period (12 weeks). Self-reported checklist was used to measure monthly compliance. Mixed effect linear regression and quantile linear mixed models were used to analyze the change in the parameters over time. There was no significant difference in the compliance towards dietary and lifestyle advice between both the groups (p=0.525; 0.795). The difference of changes in the lipid profile and anthropometric measurements between the groups observed over time was not statistically significant (Weight: p=0.206, BMI: p=0.553, WC=0.40, TC: p=0.505, TG: p=0.167, LDL: p=0.271, HDL: p=0.504). Hence, there was no difference in the effects of consuming canola oil vs. other common oil(s) in managing dyslipidemia. Similar beneficial changes were observed with consumption of both canola as well as other common oil(s)
The Development of Food and Nutrition Security Index at Provincial Level in Indonesia
Get PDFThis study aimed to develop a novel Food and Nutrition Security (FNS) index to be implemented at provincial level in Indonesia. Principal component analysis was used to calculate food and nutrition security index based on 23 indicators, data were obtained from provincial and national public report published in 2010 and 2013. These indicators were further grouped into three different dimension of food availability, food accessibility and food utilization. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was then used to calculate each aspect and the FNS indices. The index was later used to categorize food and nutrition security performance of a region into one of three levels, namely secure, vulnerable or insecure. The application of this new FNS index found that most of Indonesia’s regions (87.5%) were categorized as vulnerable (50.0%) and insecure (37.5%) and only 12.5% had high food and nutrition security performances in 2013. Among all provinces, Bali had the best performance in 2013, while East Nusa Tenggara had the lowest performance in 2010 and 2013. In 2013, the food availability status of all the provinces were categorized as secure. However, their status on food accessibility and food utilization showed many of them fell into vulnerable and insecure categories. Hence, the effort to increase the national food and nutrition security performance should focus on improving food accessibility and food utilization
Leucine Intake as Determinant of Muscle Strength and Gait Speed in the Elderly
Get PDFThe purpose of this study was to analyse the intake of leucine as a determinant of muscle strength and gait speed in the elderly. This research is a cross-sectional study that involved 132 elderly people in the community (34 men and 98 women), aged 60–69 years. Data were obtained from interviews, physical examinations (body weight, body height, muscle mass, muscle strength, and gait speed), as well as food recall 3x24 hours. The statistical analysis employed Pearson’s correlation coefficient and multiple linear regression. Intake of leucine was positively correlated with muscle strength (r=0.3; p<0.001) and gait speed (r=0.244; p<0.05). It was not int
Socioeconomic Characteristics, Nutritional Status, Health Status, and Quality of Life among Tea Plantation Workers in Pangalengan, West Java, Indonesia: English
Get PDFThis cross-sectional study aimed to analyze the association between socioeconomic characteristics, nutritional status, anemia status and health status with the quality of life of tea pickers in Pangalengan, West Java, Indonesia. Subjects were 116 women of childbearing age (15–49) years. Anemia status data (hemoglobin levels) were taken using HemoCue Hb 201+, while nutritional status data were collected through anthropometric measurements (weight and height). Quality of life data was collected using the Short Form-36 (SF-36) questionnaire consisting of the Physical Component Summary (PCS) score and Mental Component Summary (MCS) score. PCS consists of physical function, physical role, pain, and general health dimensions. MCS consists of vitality, social functions, the role of emotions, and mental health. Data were analyzed using a Spearman correlation test, Pearson correlation test, and logistic regression test. The results showed that there was no significant relationship between anemia status and nutritional status with quality of life (p>0.05). However, non-anemic subjects tend to have higher PCS and MCS scores than anemic subjects. There was a positive relationship between Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) with MCS in terms of social function dimensions, and joint pain with MCS in the emotional role dimension (p<0.05). The variables related to the quality of life were the number of family members and expenditures. Subjects with large family size (≥4 people) had a 3.5 times risk for experiencing lower quality of life compared with subjects with smaller family (<4 people) (OR=3.52; 95% CI:1.23–10.05). Subjects with monthly expense of >Rp. 343,646 had lower risk of experiencing low quality of life 59.7% compared to subjects who had household an expense of <Rp. 343,646 (OR=0.403; 95% CI:0.17–0.96)
Golden Berry (Physalis peruviana) Juice for Reduction of Blood Glucose and Amelioration of Insulin Resistance in Diabetic Rats
Get PDFThe study aimed to gather evidence on the potential of golden berry (GB) juice in improving blood glucose level, insulin level, and insulin resistance in type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in comparison to quercetin supplement in animal model. This study used true experimental pre-post-test study with control group design. Twenty five Wistar male rats were divided into five groups: healthy group (K-), T2DM positive control group (K+), T2DM group with 1 ml/200 g BW/day of GB juice (X1), T2DM group with 5 ml/200 g BW/day of GB juice (X2), and T2DM group with 6 mg/200 g BW/day of quercetin (X3). The T2DM rasts were obtained from healthy rats induced by high-fat feed and Streptozotocin (STZ). The result showed that various dosages of GB juice (X1 and X2) were able to lower blood glucose level (-79.15; -110.44; -108.20) and HOMA-IR (-2.40; -2.92; -3.02). In addition, it was also able to increase insulin level (0.26; 1.99; 1.42) compared to (K+) group (p<0.05). In conclusion, GB juice was able to lower blood glucose level, insulin resistance, and increase insulin level in T2DM rats. The GB juice dosage of 1 ml/200 g BW/day and 5 ml/200 g BW/day were better in lowering the blood glucose level and improving insulin resistance compared to quercetin supplement
Predictors of Prenatal Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy in Malaysian Women: a Cross-Sectional Study
Get PDFMothers with better self-efficacy are tend to have intent to breastfeed, initiate early and have lengthier of exclusive breastfeeding. This study aimed to evaluate the level of breastfeeding self-efficacy and to investigate the determinants of breastfeeding self-efficacy among pregnant mothers. A total of 180 expecting mothers were recruited in this cross sectional study from chosen Maternal and Child Health Clinics in Selangor. Self-administered questionnaires of Iowa Infant Feeding Attitude Score (IIFAS) and Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy (BSES-SF) were used to attain information on maternal attitudes and knowledge of breastfeeding and breastfeeding self-efficacy. Findings showed subjects had high level of breastfeeding self-efficacy (mean 51.79±11.94) and majority of them had fair knowledge in breastfeeding. Breastfeeding self-efficacy is found associated with number of children, while, residential area, occupation and household income were associated with breastfeeding knowledge (p<0.05). The best-fit regression analysis revealed three variables that explained 41.0% of the variance in breast feeding self-efficacy among expectant mothers. They were being housewife, multiparous and had positive breastfeeding attitudes (p<0.05). For that reason, healthcare providers can tactically identify women vulnerable to low breastfeeding self-efficacy by providing early intervention through increasing the awareness and knowledge in breastfeeding during prenatal and antenatal
Breastfeeding Practices among Mothers at Birth and at 6 Months in Urban Areas of Delhi-Ncr, India
Get PDFThe objective of the present was to potray the breastfeeding practices followed by breastfeeding mothers, at birth and at 6 months, in urban areas of Delhi-National Capital Region. For this, 185 dyads of motherinfant aged 6 months were selected from Pediatric Outpatient Department of a government and a private hospital. A questionnaire-cum-interview was designed to collect the participants’ information on breastfeeding practices. It was found that only 29.7% infants had early initiation of breastfeeding despite the high (78.9%) institutional deliveries. Around 40.5% infants were given feeds apart from breast milk, mainly infant formula (81.3%) at the hospital after birth. There were 13% infants who received pre-lacteal feeds, mainly as a traditional family custom. The practice of exclusive breastfeeding for first six months was followed by 62.2% mothers. Complementary feeding or top feeding was received by 71.9% infants, but only 45.1% mothers initiated complementary foods at the recommended age of 6 months. It can be concluded that in the urban areas of India breastfeeding practices remains poor even after rigorous work done for promotion and protection of breastfeeding. Hence strong institutional care and support for breastfeeding is required at birth and efficient counseling for appropriate feeding of the infant is needed to intensify breastfeeding
In Vitro α-Glucosidase Inhibition and Antioxidant Activity of Mulberry (Morus Alba L.) Leaf Ethanolic Extract
Get PDFThis present work aimed to investigate the in vitro antioxidant activity and α-glucosidase inhibitory effect of mulberry leaf ethanolic extract. Antioxidant analysis was performed using Thiobarbituric Acid (TBA) assay at concentrations of 125, 200, 500, and 1,000 ppm. The results showed that the optimum incubation time was four days and the extracts could reduce the formation of MDA, i.e. 41.21%, 45.33%, 44.19%, and 36.00%, respectively. This suggests that concentration of 200 ppm was found as the best treatment. In addition, the result showed that ethanolic extract of mulberry leaf also showed inhibition against α-glucosidase with the IC50 of 309.82 µg/ml
A Supplementary Protein Food for Pregnant Women with Chronic Energy Deficiency to Improve Fetal Growth
Get PDFThe aimed to analyze the effect of protein-sourced supplementary foods for pregnant women with CED to improve fetal growth. The pre-post study test involved 44 pregnant women with a Mid Upper Arm Circumference (MUAC) of <23.5cm in Bogor City, West Java. The subjects were divided into two groups, first was the PG group, consist of pregnant women who received the protein-sourced supplementary foods. The second was the PCG group where the pregnant women recieved the standard government supplementary food (GSF) for eight weeks. Data regarding the fetal growth was obtained using USG, the inidactor measured were the femur length and estimated fetal weight. The increase of femur length and estimated fetal weight were used as the fetal growth parameters. Analysis of Covariance was applied to obtain the effect of intervention by controlling other covariate variables. The result showed that the improvement of estimated fetal weight (EFW) and femur length (FL) in both groups were similar (p>0.05). Despite the fact that the PG group showed lower compliance compared to the PCG (p>0.05). The findings suggest that our protein-sourced supplementary foods had a similar effect with the GSF on fetal growth of pregnant women with CED
Prevalence and Determinants for Hypertension among Rural Women of Reproductive Age in Indonesia
Get PDFThis study aimed to investigate the prevalence and determinants of hypertension in rural women of reproductive age. The cross-sectional study was conducted in Cianjur district on August 2019. It involved 193 married rural women aged 20–49 years old. Independent variables investigated were socio-economic characteristics, anthropometry, fat distribution and nutrient intake. The prevalence of hypertension in the study population using the new American Guideline (ACC/AHA) was 58% in contrast to 23.8% using the European (ESC/ESH) cut offs. Socioeconomic characteristics and nutrient intake showed no significant association with hypertension (p>0.05) while, Body Mass Index (BMI) (p>0.012), Visceral Fat (VF) (p>0.013) and Waist Circumference (WC) (p>0.010) were significantly associated with hypertension. Hence, result of binary logistic regression showed waist circumference is the strongest factor to determine hypertension in our study (OR=2.2; 95% CI: 1.20–4.01). Overall, the use of the American guideline increases the sensitivity of hypertension screening. The use of simple anthropometry measurement of WC combined with BMI can be applied for risk screening of hypertension in the primary health care setting including in the integrated community health post to improve preventive measure. Due to several limitations in the current study, future study should consider larger sample size and addresses history of hormonal contraceptive use as well as physical activit