Jurnal Gizi dan Pangan
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Breastfeeding Trends and it\u27s Related Factors in Indonesia: A National Survey
Get PDFThis cross-sectional study aimed to examine breastfeeding trends and factors in Indonesia using Demographic Health Survey (DHS) data from 2007 to 2017. The research data were obtained from three Indonesia Demographic Health Surveys. The data covered households and women aged 15‒49 years old, including 40,701 households and 32,895 women in 2007; 43,852 households and 45,607 women in 2012; and 47,963 households and 49,627 women in 2017. Descriptive statistics was deployed to analyze the sociodemographic factors of the respondents. A questionnaire was employed to obtain data on the mothers\u27 age, residence, education, economic status, mother working, marital status, literacy, place of delivery, first Antenatal Care (ANC) place, child size at birth, and gender of the child. Multinomial logistic regression analysis was used to analyze factors related to breastfeeding and how big the impact is. The findings indicate that the trend of breastfeeding in Indonesia significantly decreased based on the characteristics of mothers and children. The rates of breastfeeding (exclusive breastfeeding infants aged 0‒5 months who received only breast milk) among mothers living in urban areas decreased significantly from 41.6% in 2012 to 38.4% in 2017. In 2017, children with normal birth weight (OR=0.87, 95% CI:0.53‒1.45), boys (OR=1.01, 95% CI:0.92‒1.10), and non-illiterate mothers (OR=0.50, 95% CI:0.46‒0.55) had higher odds of breastfeeding compared to children with small birth weight, girls, and illiterate mothers. Factors associated with breastfeeding also change every year. In 2012, breastfeeding was related to marital status and delivery, but in 2017 it was not associated with those factors. Factors related to breastfeeding in Indonesia are age, residence, education, weight index, size of child at birth, mother’s occupation, marital status, literacy, place of delivery, and first ANC place. These results are important for developing policies to improve maternal and child health in Indonesia by increasing education and mother training for early initiation of breastfeeding
Risk Factors Associated with Underweight Children Under the Age of Five in Putrajaya, Malaysia: A Case-Control Study
Get PDFThe study aimed to determine the associated factors for underweight among children under five years old in Putrajaya, Malaysia. This was a case-control study with a one-to-one ratio matched by sex as well as by three age categories (6‒11 months, 12‒35 months, dan 36‒59 months) between underweight and normal-weight children. There were 364 underweight children and 364 children with normal weight recruited from four government clinics and 118 preschools in Putrajaya. Both groups were assessed via face-to-face interviews; anthropometric measurements; haemoglobin level through finger prick blood sample; and a self-administered 3-day food diary. Underweight is defined as a weight-for-age z score less than -2SD based on World Health Organization (WHO) 2006 Growth Chart. The logistic regression’s final model revealed that various factors were significantly associated with underweight among children under five in Putrajaya. These factors included father being employed as a non-government servant [aOR:1.45 (95% CI:1.04‒2.02) compared to government servant], children from B40 group with a monthly household income less than <RM 7,380 (USD 1727.33) [aOR:2.17 (95% CI:1.01‒4.66) compared to T20], monthly expenditure for childcare less than RM 1,000 (USD 234.06), [aOR:1.77 (95% CI:1.01‒3.10) compared to ≥RM 2,000], underweight mother during prepregnancy [aOR:1.89 (95% CI:1.10‒3.26)] compared to normal weight, anemic children [aOR:1.57 (95% CI:1.15‒2.16)] compared to normal children, children using pacifiers [aOR:1.75 (95% CI:1.21‒2.73)] compared to not using pacifiers and children staying with unregistered babysitters [aOR:2.33 (85% CI:1.52‒3.59)] compared to those attending kindergarten. The above findings suggest several factors are significantly associated with underweight among children under five years old. Therefore, it highlights on the importance of improving household socioeconomic status, maternal nutritional status, and infant and young child feeding practices to prevent underweight issues in this population
Association of Anthropometric Profiles with Triglyceide/High-Density Lipoprotein Ratios in Adult Islamic Boarding School Students
Get PDFThe aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between anthropometric profiles and Triglyceide/High-Density Lipoprotein (TG/HDL-C) ratio in adult Islamic boarding school students. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 83 Islamic boarding school students, aged 19 to 23 years, selected using a consecutive sampling design. Anthropometric measurements consisted of Waist Circumference (WC), Waist-to-Hip Ratio (WHR), and Skinfold Thickness (SFT). There were 45.8% students who had high TG/HDL-C ratio, WC (p<0.001; r=0.379) and WHR (p<0,001; r=0.455). The respondents\u27 waist circumference and waist-to-hip ratio were positively associated with TG/HDL-C ratio
The Effect of Acceptability of Dadih-based Functional Bread on Food Intake and Weight Gain of Pregnant Women in Padang City
Get PDFThe aim of this study was to analyze the acceptability of dadih-based functional bread and its effect on food intake and weight gain pregnant women. The study design was a quasi-experimental randomized controlled trial involving 88 pregnant women who were given bread (50 g) and filled with dadih-based vla (30 g) six times a week for three months. Acceptability was assessed using the Comstock method and food intake was assessed using the 2x24-hour recall method. Data were analyzed using chi-squared and independent t-tests. There is a relationship between the acceptability of bread with dadih vla and food intake (p<0.005). The results showed a significant difference in weight gain (p<0.005) between the control and intervention groups that was provided with the dadih-based vla, a typical Dutch dessert sauce. Dadih contains high calories, fat, and protein, which could help increase maternal weight. Respondent who consumed bread with dadih vla were able to meet the nutritional needs adequately
An Additional Adequate Water Intake Increases the Amniotic Fluid Index in Pregnant Women with Oligohydramnios: A Systematic Review
Get PDFThis systematic review aimed to answer whether an additional amount of water intake can increase the Amniotic Fluid Index (AFI) in pregnant women with oligohydramnios. Article searches were conducted and data was obtained from “SCOPUS”, “EBSCO”, “PUBMED”, “COCHRANE” and “Google Search” databases using the following keywords: “hypovolemic”, “dehydration” “pregnancy” “outcome”, “hydration”. “water intake”, “oligohydramnios”, and “amniotic fluid index”. We used MeSH headings (hydration pregnancy) for search keyword, Inclusion criteria were subjects who were pregnant women with oligohydramnios (without any pathological disorder in the mother and fetus), the outcomes include AFI of <5 cm, study design was prospective cohorts and clinical trials, consumption of plain water (non-calorie beverages) and language restriction applied for articles published in English. Out of 391 articles, eight articles that met these criteria for anaylsis. Result showed that additional amount of water intake for pregnant women with oligohydramnios without maternal/fetal abnormalities in the third trimester (28−37 weeks) can increase AFI. Oral maternal hydration gave a better effect than intravenous maternal hydration on AFI. The additional amount of water intake per day required by pregnant women with oligohydramnios to increase AFI to normal ranges from 1,500 to 2,500 ml depending on the condition of each pregnant woman. Additional water intake via oral can be a strategy for oligohydramnios therapy in pregnant women
The Effect of Sports Drink Gel Treatment from Chia Seeds (Salvia hispanica L.) on the VO2 Max Capacity of Football and Futsal Players
Get PDFThe purpose of this study was to determine the effect of sports energy gel drink from chia seeds (Salvia hispanica L.) on the VO2 max capacity of football and futsal players in Semarang. This is a quasi-experimental research using a crossover design on twenty-two (22) football and futsal players residing in Semarang, Indonesia. The duration of the study was five weeks, whereby 22 subjects in the control group were given 300 ml of mineral water added with butterfly pea extract as natural colorant, while another 22 subjects in the treatment group were given 300 ml of sports gel drink from chia seed 30 minutes before starting the exercise, twice a week. Data on weight, height, body fat percentage, energy and nutrient intake, and VO2 max capacity were collected. The results showed that there was a significant increase in the player\u27s VO2 max capacity value after treatment with sports gel treatment (p=0.001), but there was no significant increase in the control group (p=0.314). Nutritional status, body fat percentages, physical activity, energy intakes, macro and micronutrients intake were found not to be correlated with VO2 max capacity. It can be concluded that administration of 300 ml sports gel drink from chia seeds before training increases the player\u27s VO2 max capacity
Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of Fruit Consumption among Female and Male Adolescents in Hulu Terengganu and Marang, Malaysia
Get PDFThe study aimed to determine the level of knowledge, attitude and practice of fruit consumption and their associations among female and male adolescents in Hulu Terengganu and Marang. This a crosssectional study involving 184 selected secondary school students in Hulu Terengganu and Marang, with 94 of them were female respondents and 90 were male. Data on socio-demographic, fruit consumption, knowledge, attitude and practices of fruit consumption were collected using validated questionnaire and food frequency questionnaire. Only 35.8 % of the respondents had adequate fruit consumption, 62.8% and 60.0% of female and male respondents had good knowledge, 63.8% and 60.0% of female and male respondents had good attitude and only 6.4% and 16.7% of female and male respondents had good practice. We also found a significant difference of practice in fruit consumption between male and female respondents (p<0.05). The result showed that there was positive significant correlations between knowledge and attitude as well as attitude and practices of fruit consumption (p<0.05). No correlation was reported between knowledge and practices of fruit intake. This showed that good attitude potentially improved knowledge and practice towards fruit consumption and vice versa. The results of this research showed that it is crucial to improve the main factors to influencie knowledge, attitude and practices of fruit consumption among adolescents
Effects of COVID-19 Pandemic on Changes in Nutritional Status and Physical Activities of School-Age Children: A Scoping Review
Get PDFThis study\u27s objective is to review the consequence of the COVID-19 epidemic on physical activities, sedentary lifestyles, screen time, and changes in the nutritional status of school-age children. The outcomes of this study are intended to be applicable to obesity management in children. This study reviewed full-text articles and open-access publications on the sedentary lifestyle of children during the pandemic. and the data were analyzed using cohort, case-control, and cross-sectional designs. The results of reviewing 17 articles show that school-age children’s physical activities and nutritional status have decreased, but their sedentary lifestyle and screen time have increased due to social restrictions during the COVID-19 pandemic. Children’s decreased physical activities are caused by the absence of a comparable replacement mechanism as that before the pandemic. Meanwhile, the increasingly sedentary lifestyle highly influences children’s physical and mental health. Screen time has also increased and is unavoidable during the pandemic because children’s activities were limited and their learning systems are switched to online learning; as a result, their supporting sedentary lifestyle increases while physical activities decrease. These factors have changed the nutritional status of children during the pandemic. These results support the idea that the pandemic will impact the health of school-age children, especially their nutritional status. This review concludes that it is important to establish policies that prevent children’s further health effects, such as obesity, caused by COVID-19