Indo. J. Chem. Res.
Not a member yet
303 research outputs found
Sort by
Synthesis of Ni(Co)/Pd Ternary Nanostructures and Their Catalytic Activity in p–Nitrophenol Reduction Processes
Full text linkNi(Co)/Pd nanosized ternary composite materials have been synthesized by the galvanic replacement method. The structure and phase composition of the obtained Ni(Co)/Pd nanostructures were investigated using SEM, EDX and X–ray powder diffraction. The catalytic activity of the synthesized polymetallic Ni(Co)/Pd nanoparticles was studied using the example of the reduction reaction of p–nitrophenol with NaBH4 solution. It was found that in all cases the process of reduction of p–nitrophenol NaBH4 in the presence of Ni(Co)/Pd nanoparticles as a catalyst is described by the first-order kinetic equation for p–nitrophenol. The catalytic activity of the studied nanoparticles based on nickel (Ni) is varied in the following order: Ni < Ni(Co) < Ni(Pd) < Ni(Co)/Pd. It was shown that the decoration of nanoparticles based on d–elements (Ni, Co) with palladium (Pd) significantly increases of their catalytic activity. Moreover, the reduction rate of p–nitrophenol in the presence of Ni(Co)/Pd is almost three times higher, compared to effective catalytic systems known from the references, i. e., such nanosystems can be considered as promising material for the development of new types of magnetically separable catalysts for the production of aminoaromatic compounds
Cellulose From Water Hyacinth As Acrylamide Adsorbent In Frying Oil
Full text linkCooking oil frequently used by the community is palm oil. When heated repeatedly, this oil can produce acrolein, a compound that contributes to the formation of acrylamide. Water Hyacinth cellulose contains -OH groups capable of binding to acrylamide. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of adding Water Hyacinth cellulose as an adsorbent and to evaluate the impact of soaking time and cellulose weight on acrylamide levels. The analysis was conducted using HPLC, with a mobile phase consisting of methanol and 0.1% phosphoric in a ratio of 5:95, at a flow rate of 1mL/min; the volume of the injected sample was 20 µL. Acrylamide in oil was identified at a retention time of 4.700 minutes. The regression equation obtained from the acrylamide calibration curve is y=229.52 x + 10.472 with a correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.9988. This study concluded that soaking for 24 hours can reduce acrylamide levels by 69.13%, and using 6 grams of cellulose can reduce acrylamide levels by 75.15%
Exploration of Novel Lipase from Plant Seeds and Plant Latexes
Full text linkAs the demand for fatty acids increases, the enzymatic process of triglyceride hydrolysis emerges as a promising technology. Compared to microbial lipase, utilization of plant lipase is more practical due to its ease of preparation and cost-efficiency. This work aimed to verify the degree of lipolysis of several novel lipase sources from plants. Novel lipase sources investigated were seeds of kapok (Ceiba pentandra), java almond (Sterculia foetida), pongam (Milletia pinnata), sea mango (Cerbera manghas), tamanu (Calophyllum inophyllum), latex of sea mango, aveloz (Euphorbia tirucalli), and jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus). Several acknowledged plant lipase sources were also compared, i.e. seeds of castor bean (Ricinus communis), physic nut (Jatropha curcas), rice bran (Oryza sativa), latex of frangipani (Plumeria rubra) and papaya (Carica papaya). Plant lipase was utilized in the hydrolysis of olive oil at room temperature. Results for seed and latex lipase were compared and technical issues were reported. Several plant lipases are remarkably active and potential to compete with microorganism lipases in industrial applications
Calcinated Ferronickel Slag as Catalyst In Biodiesel Synthesis from Cooking Oil
Full text linkFerronickel slag is a byproduct of the nickel ore smelter factory that is typically dumped in an open area and is detrimental for the environment. The research objectives are to examine ferronickel slag potential as catalyst in producing biodiesel. Ferronickel slag was prepared by milling followed by sieving 200 meshes and calcinated at 900 ºC. The next step was to evaluate the calcinated slag using XRF, which revealed that the major components were, in order, Si (49.47%), Fe (36.09%), Ca (7.12%), Cr (3.01%), and Mn (2.28%). Slag that has been calcined and utilized in the transesterification of cooking oil as catalyst in three necked flask with oil to methanol ratio is 1:9, reaction times (1, 2, 3 hours) and temperatures (70, 90, 110 oC). Then, the product were tested for water content, density, viscosity, acid number, free fatty acids, total glycerol, percent of methyl esters according to SNI 7182-2015. FTIR showed the presence of peaks at 1743.65 and 1157.29 corresponding to C=O and O-CH3 functional groups
Fabrication of Carbon Paste Electrode Modified with ZnO Nanoparticles and Nanobentonite for Analysis of Bisphenol A by Cyclic Voltammetric
Full text linkThe Bisphenol A (BPA) is a 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl) propane compound that is produced on a large scale for industrial applications, particularly in polycarbonate plastics. BPA molecules can migrate from plastics into food if stored at high temperatures and for extended periods. Various methods have been developed for BPA analysis, including cyclic voltammetry. This study focuses on the fabrication and application of a carbon paste electrode (CPE) modified with ZnO nanoparticles and nanobentonite for the analysis of BPA in polycarbonate-based bottled drinking water using cyclic voltammetry. The results showed that the optimal electrode conditions were: electrode composition 3:4:1:2 (carbon: nanobentonite: ZnO nanoparticles: paraffin), and pH 7. The BPA content obtained by cyclic voltammetry for brands A, B, and C was 0.2102; 0.1752; and 0.2210 mM. These results demonstrate that cyclic voltammetry with a ZnO nanoparticle and nanobentonite modified carbon paste electrode can be used for BPA analysis
Comparative study of Trigonella foenum-graecum L. varieties in the Middle East by using protein pattern and seed morphology
Full text linkThis study illustrates the situation of the relation between different varieties of Trigonella foenum-graecum L. not in the same one country but in different countries in the Middle East area; Algeria, Egypt, Ethiopia, India, Iran, Sudan, Tunisia, Turkey and Yemen. This comparative study explained the origin of the studied plant species and the evolutionary trends by using protein pattern and seed morphology showing the ancestral origin arisen upper Middle East region. This study explored the global changes and impacts on variety distribution
Preparation and Characterization of Cellulose Acetate from Pandanus tectorius via Microwave Irradiation
Full text linkThis research focuses on extracting cellulose from thorn pandan and evaluating its potential as a raw material for cellulose acetate. Thorn pandan contains polysaccharides, especially cellulose. In its fabrication process, cellulose acetate is produced from cellulose acetylation reaction. Cellulose is extracted using the Microwave-assisted Extraction method with variations in NaOH concentration (1, 2, and 3%), H2O2 concentration (10, 20, and 30%), and time variables (20, 40, and 60 minutes). Extraction optimization was performed with Response Surface Methodology (RSM) model BBD (Box-Behken Design). Several characterizations were carried out to determine the characteristics of cellulose acetate, namely Degree of Acetylation, FT-IR spectroscopy and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). The highest cellulose yield obtained in the extraction process was 50.7% with a variable of 3% NaOH, 30% H2O2 and 60 minutes. XRD analysis shows the angle value 2θ = 22.53798° of thorn pandan cellulose structure is almost similar to commercial cellulose. FTIR functional group identification of cellulose acetate showed the presence of carbonyl (C=O) and (C-O Acetyl) group, respectively seen at wave numbers 1734 cm-1 and 1256 cm-1. The acetyl content of cellulose acetate from thorn pandan produced is 35.475%. Therefore, thorn pandan biomass has the potential as a raw material for making cellulose acetate
Bio-oil Quality Based on Coconut Carbon Biomass Using Pyrolisis Method
Full text linkCoconut shells are biomass composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and other components in small quantities. Biomass can be converted into bio-oil via the pyrolysis method. Bio-oil resulting from pyrolysis has poor quality because it contains oxygen, acid compound, ketone, and ester. To improve the quality of Bio-oil, the pyrolysis process is carried out through a catalytic esterification reaction using a sulfonated H2SO4 coconut shell charcoal catalyst. Bio-oil synthesis is carried out at a temperature of 300–500 ℃. Coconut shell acid catalyst preparation was carried out by activation using HCl and followed by sulfonation of H2SO4 at a temperature of 150℃ for 12 hours. The catalyst was characterized using XRD, FTIR, and SEM. The bio-oil obtained was tested for density, kinematic viscosity, water content, pH, ash content, acid value, Bio-oil composition using GCMS, and metal content using ICP-OES. The results of catalyst characterization show that the formed solid carbon-based catalyst from coconut shells has a graphite crystal structure with a densely porous surface and contains sulfonate functional groups. The yield of bio-oil produced was 6.4%
Isolation of Na-alginate from Brown Seaweed (Padina sp.) and Synthesis of Na-alginate-chitosan Polyelectrolytecomplex (PEC) Film as Methylene Blue Adsorbent
Full text linkNa-alginate has been isolated from brown seaweed (Padina sp.) and then used to make na-alginate-chitosan complex polyelectrolyte films as methylene blue adsorbent. Characteristics of na-alginate, chitosan, and PEC films before and after adsorption were carried out using an FT-IR spectrophotometer. Na-alginate-chitosan PEC film was made by mixing a 0.3% (w/v) Na-alginate solution with a 1% (w/v) chitosan solution with a chitosan-alginate volume ratio (1:3). The film formed was tested for its resistance in pH 3-11 for 7 days and showed that the film could survive in acidic or alkaline media. The adsorption study carried out resulted in maximum concentration data occurring at 75 mg/L with a capacity of 30.2768 mg/g
Comprehensive In silico Analysis of Antibacterial Compounds in n-Hexane Fraction from Jeruju Leaf (Acanthus ilicifolius)
Full text linkIn an emergency, to identify the most promising Hesperidin, Kaempferol-3,4'-di-O-methyl ether (Ermanin); Myricetin-3-glucoside, Peonidine 3-(4’-arabinosylglucoside); Quercetin 3-(2G-rhamnosylrutinoside); and Rhamnetin 3-mannosyl-(1–2)-alloside as a lead compound from Jeruju to develop new drugs from flavonoid analog. The active compound's structure is derived from the PubChem database and improves the stability through ChemDraw v19. The Protein Data Bank website identified the protein macromolecule with PDB code 3VSL. Redocking was performed to ensure validation of 3VSL. The docking method was carried out using the IGEMDOCK software version v2.1. Also, the chimera-1.13.1 program is used to know the interaction profile. The web server pkCSM and Protox II online tool were used to determine the toxicity. 3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-2-hexadecen-1-ol is the juju leaf chemical with the most promise as an antibacterial and the one that shows the maximum binding affinity when taking into account toxicity