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Islamization and the Transition of Power in Nusantara According to Kiai Abul Fadhol's Aḥlā al-Musāmarah
No full textThe discourse on the process of Islamization in Nusantara (Indonesia) still attracts academic attention. This article discusses the history of Islamization in Nusantara as represented by the book of Aḥlā al-Musāmarah written by Kiai Fadhol. He mentions Ten saints (Walisepuluh) as propagators of Islam in Java, adding one to the nine generally known as Walisongo. He also describes that Islam was brought to Nusantara by the scholars (‘ulamā’) from Pasai, who carried da‘wah out through several channels of Islamization. Using the library research method, this article shows no significant difference between the Walisepuluh and the Walisongo characters. The Islamization of Nusantara presented in the book was intensified through the diaspora of kinship marriages, the education of the Pesantren Ampel Denta, which produced a network of students, and the establishment of Demak Kingdom, which strengthened the influence of Islam over the Javanese population
Konsep Kebahagiaan Menurut Ibn al-Haytham
No full textIbn al-Haytham (965-1039) is so far known merely as a mathematician and scientist. It is understand-able because most of his available works at this time are on mathematics and science. As a result, researches on his philosophical, psychological, and theological thought are still lacking. This paper discusses Ibn al-Haytham’s philosophy of happiness, using historical research method by collecting and analyzing his works linguistically, particularly his Kitāb Thamarat al-Ḥikmah. The results reveal that Ibn al-Haytham, as well as Muslim philosophers of his time, accepted the concept of happiness from Greek philosophers, such as Socrates, Plato and Aristotle. However, he incorporated religio-metaphysical dimensions to his concept of happiness. This finding shows that Ibn al-Haytham is not only a mathematician and scientist, but also a philosopher like al-Fārābī, Ibn Miskawayh, and al-Ghazālī
Kitab Mir’at al-Ṭullāb dan Penerapan Fiqh Iṣlāḥ dalam Konflik Komunal pada Masa 'Abd al-Ra'ūf al-Sinkīlī
No full textThe Mir’at al-Ṭullāb written by al-Sinkīlī in the seventeenth century apparently did not mention the requirement of being male to become a head of state (sultan). This is interesting because the Shāfi‘ī school of fiqh which is used as a reference actually mentions this condition. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to the factors underlying it. Based on the literature studies and looking at the social history of the Acehnese people at that time, it can be found that the book was written when the Acehnese were polarized and there were conflicts between different religious and political groups. The conflict was very severe and was able to threaten the unity and power of the sultan at that time. The exclusion of being male as one of the requirements for public office (political authority or judge) is a manifestation of the application of Islamic jurisprudence by al-Sinkīlī which was introduced from the Qur’ān and the Sunnah so that it became legitimate (shar‘ī) while at the same time strengthening the position of the sultan, the idea of which was eventually able to reduce the political conflict in the community. 
Analisis Sistem Pemikiran Gender Berbasis Keagamaan di Pesantren Jawa Timur
No full textThis research concentrates on the religious-based gender framework within the pesantren education system by which pesantren has an institutional vision to empower women and naturally participates in developing gender discourse with Islamic religious nuance. This research was conducted in East Java by taking the site of Pesantren Nurul Islam Antirogo, Pesantren Al-Falah Karangharjo Jember, and Pesantren Annuqayah Guluk-Guluk Sumenep. This research found that those pesantrens carried out reconstruction through theological-philosophical awareness that was designed from the dialogic process of re-interpretative religious normative texts with reality. The emergence of this awareness led the pesantren to direct their education system to feel egalitarian, non-discriminatory, and non-subordinate towards women inside and outside the pesantren. The axiology of the pesantren education system leads to the normative value of the unity of humanity. The realization of the education system ends up on peace values whether in the cultural, social, or even religious domains
Dinamika Identitas dan Religiusitas pada Branding Halal di Indonesia
No full textThe term “halal” (ḥalāl) is now not only the domain of religious studies but also has implications for socio-economic studies. Halal discourse finds space for debate in lecture studies, seminars, and conferences both at local and international levels. The business sector also gives serious attention to the halal labelling of the products produced. It is a fact that halal claims have become widespread and become a product phenomenon not only in Indonesia, but also in the world. This phenomenon needs to be seen and examined whether it is as a form of religious awareness and obedience or just a business-oriented trending calculation. By using Habermas’ critical theory, this study reveals that “halal” can be interpreted as a phenomenon of identity disclosure both in religious, social, and state life. “Halal” is not only related to the issue of whether or not it is permissible, but also has an influence on various lines of life, whether religious, social, cultural, political, or economic. In addition, this study also reveals that the “halalization” of products, both goods and services, raises halal consumption behaviour as a form of religious obedience, even though this is not actually a measure of the religiosity of a religious community
Budaya Literasi dan Infiltrasi Gerakan Islam Radikal di Pesantren Indonesia
No full textSince 2002, the discourse of pesantren has been linked to radicalism. This has led to a new typology of pesantren, namely radical pesantren. This typology of pesantren is usually known to adhere to the Salafi Jihadi ideology. This article examines how Salafi Jihadi pesantrens have radical tendencies. The study mainly focused on the literacy culture that was developed. By using the qualitative-phenomenological method, this article finds that several basic concepts in Islam, in this case, the enforcement of Islamic law and the concept of jihad, have been interpreted in a pejorative way by the Salafi Jihadi pesantren community, thus causing radical and counterproductive understanding and actions to religious values. The Salafi Jihadi pesantren is different from other pesantrens that have been known before. The Salafi Jihadi pesantren teaches not only material on the fiqh of ablution, prayer, or muamalah, but also on jihad and aḥkām al-dimmah (the law of shedding blood). In addition, it was also found that culture of literacy is apparently not the only factor that determines whether a pesantren can be labelled radical or not, but there are still many other supporting factors, such as the entry of ex-radicals to pesantren, lack of government control, exclusivity, and doctrinal pedagogy
Konsep Kafir Perspektif Izzat Darwazah dan Implikasinya pada Realitas Kekinian
No full textThe word kāfir is always interesting to be interpreted. Basically, this word is used by the Qur’ān to mention the unbelievers of Allah and who are hostile to Muslims in the process of Islamic da’wah. But this article will describe the use of the word kāfir in the contemporary era. Is it still relevant to be mentioned for the unbeliever of Allah? Dose it has another interpretation term in real life and evident? To answer these questions, Izzat Darwazah’s view on kāfir in the Qur’ān, i.e., al-Kāfir will be conducted as a model of interpretation. This article finds that the word kāfir, officially, cannot be removed from the Qur’ān and intellectual discourse. However, it will not be relevant to call the unbeliever as kāfir. Yet, the common word used in the democratic era is non-Muslim. This word also will eliminate the barrier between Muslim and the unbeliever in a plural society; and as linguistic analysis, more compatible than kāfir which had metaphor meaning. 
Dimensi Religiusitas Agensi Pendidikan Politik Partai NasDem Jawa Timur
No full textReligious discourse in political praxis always attracts the attention of many experts. Some of them consider that the use of religion represents more pragmatic interest of political parties for stimulating voters in general elections. This study argues that the use of religion in political praxis is not merely for the pragmatic purposes of the party, but also for the party’s idealistic goals. This is the reason that makes the implementation of political education important for integrating religious dimensions. NasDem Party of East Java is known for its concern in promoting its ideal image as a nationalist-religious party. In order to realize its image and political vision, NasDem carries religion-based politics in its political education. This article aims to study issues such as how religious dimensions are contained in political education and how the orientations of the agency of political party are. This article found an important finding that there were two dimensions in the implementation of political education, namely the ritual-symbolic and substantive religious dimensions. The orientation of the symbolic religious dimension is to strengthen the faith and the creation of nationality-religious integrated understanding, while the substantive dimension is oriented to shape a humanist-religious consciousness and God’s mandate in the political role
Ahmad Lutfi Fathullah dan Digitalisasi Ḥadīth di Nusantara
No full textThis article aims to discuss the relationship between Ahmad Lutfi Fathullah and digitalization of Ḥadīth in Indonesia. The emergence of digitalization of Ḥadith in Indonesia can be associated with one of the leading scholars in the field of Ḥadīth, namely Ahmad Lutfi Fathullah through the Center of Ḥadīth Studies (PKH). The reason for the efforts of Ḥadīth digitalization by Ahmad Lutfi Fathullah departed from the awareness to maintain the existence of Ḥadīth studies in the modern era that demands the use of technological tools. The effort to digitalize the Ḥadīth as the result of collaboration with the use of technology has now given birth to a variety of digital Ḥadīth products, such as software, websites, android applications and Ḥadīth visualization. The effort to digitalize the Ḥadīth, one of which is undertaken by Ahmad Lutfi Fathullah at this time, has made the tradition of Ḥadīth studies, especially in Indonesia experience a dynamic orientation and transformation of Ḥadīth studies
Telaah Kritis terhadap Argumen Mayoritas Ulama tentang Nasab Anak Zina
No full texthe lineage of the children of adultery as agreed by religious scholars (‘ulamā’) and Indonesian Ulama Council (MUI) is ascribed to the mother, not the father. This is due to the unclarity of the marital bond between the woman and the man who conduct adultery, and due to the uncertainty of sperms that fertilize the ovum (egg cell) of a woman. Consequently, the children of adultery become exiled and marginalized in society, bearing mistakes of their ‘parents’. In fact, Islam has emphasized that every child born is essentially chaste. If the child born from adultery is ascribed to the mother, he/she does not have whatever rights from the father. Therefore, it is important to review the question regarding the lineage of the children of adultery, in order to determine the future of the children. Based on the literature research with critical analysis method, this article argues that the children of adultery remain to be biologically ascribed to the father together with their rights from the latter. The children born from adultery do not bear the mistakes of their ‘parents.’ In the contemporary era, to determine the children lineage can use such a tool as DNA test that is believed as accurate