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    187 research outputs found

    柿果実の成熟・脱渋に伴う糖・タンニン並びに果肉細胞組織の変化

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    application/pdfThis paper examined how the sarcocarp organization and sarcocarp components (sugars and tannins) changed with maturation and removal of astringency of the persimmon fruits, using analytical instruments such as scanning electron microscope, UV spectroscopy photometer and high performance liquid chromatograph. The results were as follows. 1. In astringent type persimmon (Ichida persimmon) and non-astringent type persimmon (Fuyu persimmon), there was a difference on the condition of persimmon sarcocarp under the scanning electron microscope in all maturation and removals of astringency process. The former was a condition of the sarcocarp which was smooth from the immature time, and the form (wall and membrane) of the cell collapsed in the overripeness, and the jelly condition was shown. In the meantime, the organization of the latter was comparatively hard, even if it comes to overripening condition, and there was no break in the external form of the cell. We guessed the difference between both these cellular structures influenced also the food feeling of sweet persimmon and astringent juice persimmon. 2. The black spots appeared in a part of sarcocarp cell on Fuyu persimmon, when the period of maturity approached. Then, in the cell around the spot, the black dents were formed in great numbers,and there were convergence and solidification of the cytological structure. Unlike the case of Fuyu persimmon, there was no generation of the black spot in the sarcocarp cell of Ichida persimmon. Instead, many small holes were produced in the gelatinated sarcocarp. 3. Sugar content of persimmon fruits in early July is 5.5% (Ichida persimmon), and 5.2% (Fuyu persimmon). Afterwards, it rapidly increased, and it reached 19.9% and 14.5% respectively at the period of maturity. In the immature time in early July, the sugar composition proportion of the sucrose of Fuyu persimmon and Ichida persimmon is low and 10% something. However, from early September to early October, it increased to about 60% at the composition ratio, and the sucrose became the subject of the sugar of the persimmon fruit. In the meantime, the fluctuation is big through the maturation process of the fruit for the ratio of the glucose/fructose. The glucose tended to be relatively more abounding than fructose. 4. The measured value of sugar content of the persimmon fruits shows the values which considerably differ in sugar refractometer and high performance liquid chromatography. The difference between them was related to the degree of the astringent taste of the persimmon fruit, and the more immature and astringent the fruit was, the greater it grew. And, the absorbency at the wavelength around 306nm of water and methanol extraction liquid of the persimmon sarcocarp seemed to indicate the soluble tannin content. 5. There seems to be the relation between maturation, softening and change of cellular structure with removal of astringency of the persimmon fruit and composition change of sugar and tannin of the sarcocarp.departmental bulletin pape

    スズメバチ幼虫のタンパク質構成アミノ酸分析

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    application/pdf伊那地域(長野県上伊那郡,下伊那郡等)では食文化の一つとして,昆虫食の習慣がある.本研究では,食材としてのスズメバチ幼虫の栄養学的特性を明らかにすることを目的とした.今回用いた試料はクロスズメバチおよびキイロスズメバチの2種の幼虫および蛹であった.スズメバチ幼虫のタンパク質含量はクロスズメバチ15.1g/100g,およびキイロスズメバチ22.7g/100gで,肉類,魚介類に匹敵する含有量であった.タンパク質構成アミノ酸を分析するため,6N塩酸加水分解法でタンパク質を分解し,アミノ酸自動分析装置で,個々のアミノ酸量を求めた.アミノ酸スコアは1985(FAO/WHO/UNU) (2~5歳)パタンおよび1973(FAO/WHO)パタンによって求めた.1985(FAO/WHO/UNU) (2~5歳)パタンによると,クロスズメバチおよびキイロスズメバチの幼虫は共にアミノ酸スコアが100であり,良質な動物性タンパク質であることを確認できた.departmental bulletin pape

    甘柿と渋柿のミネラル組成の特徴

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    application/pdfThe mineral compositions of persimmons (fruits, leaves, seed and calyxes), pear, apple, grape, banana and tea-leaf were examined using energy type X-ray elemental analyzer and scanning electron microscope. As the result, a new knowledge described at next 1~12 was obtained. 1. Mineral analysis of the fruit using the energy type X-ray elemental analyzer, though the measurement error is easy to increase, seems to be a better way to grasp mineral distribution under each sarcocarp organization and the trend. 2. In the generation of this measurement error, various factors such as difference of assay sample, drying of the sample in the measurement and transfer of water soluble components with moisture transport, irregular reflection of the light, and homogenization seem to influence. 3. Each mineral content receives the following effect by the difference between varieties, maturity and positions of the sarcocarp of the persimmon fruit, etc. 4. Astringent type persimmon (Ichida persimmon) is more abounding than non-astringent type persimmon (Fuyu persimmon) for main ten elements total amount (K, Na, Mg, Al, Si, S, P, Mo, Sn, Ca) and ash content. And, mature fruit is lower than the overripeness fruit for this measured value. 5. K, Na, P, Si and Mo were remarkably increased when they are in the overripeness. However, Al was decreased, and there was not large change in other minerals. 6. A large amount of K and Al were contained in common in each part place of Ichida persimmon and Fuyu persimmon, but on the other hand Mg, Si, P, Mo, S, Sn and Ca were little. 7. It is peculiar that the position in the hole of mature fruit of the Ichida persimmon contained larger amount of Si, Ca and total minerals than other position and Fuyu persimmon. 8. In the black spot position, K, Al is abounding for both Ichida persimmons and Fuyu persimmons. 9. In the white powder of the surface of the dried persimmon, various minerals are detected. These many minerals seemed to move from the sarcocarp with the sugar solution. However, S derived from the sulfuration, and Sn, Si, Ca and Al seemed to adhere in the drying from the outside. 10. The mineral total amount of the pericarp was larger than these of the sarcocarps. Especially, the pericarp has many K, Ca, Na and Mg. 11. Persimmon mineral total amount does not at all abounding. However, P, S, Ca and Na were considerably mainly contained in persimmon. 12. The mineral which is contained in leaf, seed and calyx of the persimmon has the following features. The leaf contained a little less than twice as much amount of mineral as the sarcocarp, and especially, there are many K, Ca, Mg, Mn, P, Cl and S. The mineral content is more abounding than the leaf of the tea. In the meantime, in the seed, there are many K, P, Mg, Ca and S, and K, Ca, P, S, Cl, Mg and Mn are mainly contained in calyx.departmental bulletin pape

    「永遠回帰」の構成

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    application/pdfIn dieser Abhandlung versuche ich, die ewige Wiederkunft Nietzsches to konstruieren. Ein philosophischer Standpunkt muß sich erhalten, um die ewige Wiederkunft zu konstruieren. Dieser Standpunkt heißt . Bevor sagt, muß das magische Wort der Vorbereitung voraus-gesagt werden. Indem Shingon die Vorbereitung voraussetzt, ist die Zukunft der einmal gegangene Weg. Die Zukunft wird zu der Vergangenheit und die Vergangenheit wird zu der Zukunft. Auf diese Weise konstruiert die ewige Wiederkunft sich in dem magischen Wort der Vorbereitung. Nietzsches Gedanke folgt der so konstruierten ewigen Wiederkunft nach. Der Gedanke sagt nach, sieht nach und fragt nach, nachdem die ewige Wiederkunft in dem magischen Wort der Vorbereitun gkonstruiert worden ist. Die andere Haupt-gedanken Nietzsches, d.h. Wille zur Macht oder Rangordnung, können auch in dem magischen Wort der Vorbereitung konstruiert werden, ohne daß die Einheit ihrer mit der ewigen Wiederkunft verloren ist. Schließlich muß ich zeigen, wo die Philosophie Nietzsches sich in der geschichtlichen Logik befindet. Innerhalb der geschichtlichen Logik steht sie zwischen der Philosophie Nishidas und dem Heideggers.departmental bulletin pape

    長野県飯田下伊那地区における食生活と健康についての実態 : 小学校高学年児童とその家族の食生活の現状と問題点

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    application/pdfA survey was conducted on food practice and health about children of elementary school upper grade and the family in Iida-Shimoina district in Nagano Prefecture by sending out questionnaires (n=269). The results of the investigations were as follows: (1) As to the forms of families, the 68.9% was an enlarged family, and the average number of family member was 5.81 persons. The 79.0% was a double-income family. However, placing an order with an outside supplier for food practice was not so proceeded. (2) The person who prepares the food in family was interested in the quality and the safety of foods. (3) The most anxious thing about their health was high blood pressure and they were interested in salt content of their meals. (4) The averages of physique indexes were a little smaller than those of whole country and Nagano Prefecture, but a part of boys were concerned with fatness. (5) The concentration of triglyceride in blood of a group whose physique index was high (H group) tended to be more than the other groups whose physique indexes were middle and low respectively (M group and L group), and the concentration of HDL cholesterol of H group was less than the other groups. (6) There were 20% of the children who were concerned about high concentration of lipid in blood. (7) The ratios of sufficiency of intake energy, lipid, protein and iron in H group (n=10) were more than those in L group (n=10) significantly (p<0.05). As to ratios of protein, fat and carbohydrate in intake energy, the ratio of lipid in all groups except L group was more than 30%. (8) The ratios of sufficiency of protein, calcium and vitamin B_1 were lower than 100% in all groups in weekends. (9) The amounts of intake vegetables in all groups were little, and the ratios of sufficiency of vitamin C were also less than 100% through a week. (10) The strength of life activity of children was not affected by physiques, and its average in a week was 1.55 (n=236).departmental bulletin pape

    特別義護老人ホームにおけるユニットケアについて

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    救貧策として始まった養老院から分化して,要介護高齢者のために設立された特別養護老人ホームであったが,それは人の生活の場とはいい難い状況にあった.介護保険制度の導入を機に,我が国の介護現場は大きな変革の時を迎え,老いや障害を持っても地域社会の中で,その人らしい生活を支えるために新しい取り組みが始まっている.とりわけ宅老所やグループホームという小規模ケアが注目を集めているが,それは単に,療養の場が施設から自宅に移ったという表面的なことではなく,ケアを必要な人に対して,その人らしい生活を保障していくことが根本にある.その実現のために,施設もまた収容型から生活の場としての施設づくりが急務とされている.そのひとっの形がユニットケアである.ユニットケアもまた,その根本にあるものを実現するための手段であり,そのものが目的ではない.今こそ特別養護老人ホームが,本来の目的を実現するために,そのあり方を考え,発展的に地域ケアの一端を担う機能として変化していかなければならないのである.departmental bulletin pape

    短期大学生のパソコン操作技術と情報教育に対する評価

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    本稿は,1998年度から2002年度までの本学学生の日商日本語文章処理技能検定受験の動向と,2003年1月に行った学生を対象としたアンケート調査をまとめて,本学の情報教育を評価し,課題を考察したものである.検定の動向から,本学の学生にはパソコン操作の初心者が多く,パソコン操作技術を身につけたいというニーズが高いことが明確になった.また,アンケート調査から,本学の情報教育の満足度は比較的高く評価された.授業内容については,タッチタイピング指導へのニーズが高いことと,表計算技術習得には情報教育が寄与していることが示唆された.カリキュラムについては,学科ごとの差が確認され,1年次の受講生群に満足度の高いことなど,多段階や習熟度別など多様なカリキュラムの検討の必要性が示唆された.departmental bulletin pape

    基礎看護学実習IIにおける看護過程の学習状況 : 学生のアセスメントプロセスと指導上の課題

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    本研究は,筆者が実習場面でも直接かかわった本学看護学科1年生13名の実習記録から看護過程のアセスメントプロセスを分析することにより,臨地実習において「看護過程」を初めて学習する学生の学習状況を明らかにするとともに,臨地実習におけるアセスメント能力を高めるための教員の指導のあり方について考察した.その結果,次のような学生の傾向と教員の指導上の課題が示唆された.学生の傾向には,①必要な情報が判断できないため,情報の枠組みに沿って情報収集をしていた.②多種多様な情報を関連づけ分析・解釈・統合及び,看護上の問題の明確化のアセスメントが難しいと感じていた.③計画立案までと実施・評価の間には,思考の分断がみられた.また,教員の指導上の課題としては,①学生の未熟性への配慮②対象の総合的理解への援助.③事前・事後指導の充実.④実習場面での指導上の工夫など,一層の配慮や工夫・強化の必要性があることがわかった.departmental bulletin pape

    高齢者保健福祉におけるエンパワメントの視点に関する考察

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    わが国は,他国に例を見ない速さで「高齢化社会」から「高齢社会」へと推移した.この間に高齢者の問題は社会的に関心と注目の的となり,さらには社会の不安定材料と認識されるようになった.高齢者保健福祉の分野では,従来の寝たきりや痴呆の高齢者対策への偏重を見直し,長くなった寿命の質として日常生活に介護を必要とせず,心身ともに自立した状態にある高齢者の生きがいや健康維持を支援する方向に転換されてきている.そこには,高齢者支援に関わる専門職者の視点として高齢者を「老人」,「年寄り」の名の元に一括りに社会的弱者として捉えるのではなく,身体的,精神的活動,社会的役割の個別性を踏まえたエンパワメント(empowerment)の視点が必要となっている.本稿では,保健福祉に共通するエンパワメントを「対象者がもつ潜在・顕在する身体的,精神的,社会的活動力を主体的自立的に発揮し,もって生活の質の向上を図ることができるよう個人と社会資源(施策,制度,物的環境,マンパワー)が協働するプロセス」と捉え,高齢者のパワーの構成要素を個人の身体的精神的(知的)活動力である「内的要素」と,個人を取り巻き「内的要素」に影響を与える一般社会,地域,家族がもつ環境である「外的要素」とに分類し,各々の要素がもつ,エンパワメントにおいて促進的に作用する側面と,阻害的に作用する側面の関連性を明らかにすることをとおして,高齢者保健福祉の専門職者に求められるエンパワメントの視点について考察する.departmental bulletin pape

    西田哲学における「移る」について

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    Diese Abhandlung handelt von der grundlegenden Sache der Philosophie Nishidas. Seine Philosophie muβ auf die umfassende Weise er-ortert werden, indem der Ort seiner Philosophie von der geschichtlichen Logik bestimmt wird. Man sagt wohl, eine Philosophie soil nicht vom anderen Standpunkt aus interpretiert werden. Aber die Philosophie Nishidas soil einen bestimmten Ort innerhalb der geschichtlichen Logik einnehmen, insofern sie in der Geshichte der Philosophie die groβe und objektive Bedeutung hat. Was ist dann der bestimmte Ort? Ich bezeichne den Ort durch den Ausdruck: (es gibt). Seine Philosophie nimmt die Szene des (es gibt) innerhalb der geschichtlichen Logik ein. Obwohl die philosophie Nishidas sich innerhalb des (es gibt) bewegt, kann sie nicht das "es gibt", welches fur das Denken Heideggers seinen Boden ausmacht, erreichen. Die Philosophie Nishidas hat daher den charakteristische Zeitbegriff, daβ Augenblick Augenblick selbst bestimmt, oder daβ Gegenwart Gegenwart selbst bestimmt. Diese Abhandlung wird die Zusammenhang zwischen dem (es gibt) und dem Zeitbegriff klarmachen.departmental bulletin pape

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