Walisongo: Jurnal Penelitian Sosial Keagamaan
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Empowering Pesantren: A Study of Al-Ghazali’s Thoughts on Islamic Education
Full text linkEfforts to create peaceful world by upholding values of pluralism and to bring prosperity on earth by developing science and technology become very crucial and urgent. However, horizontal conflicts due to religious differences and technological abuses are still prevalent. This study provides an alternative design for Islamic education that is believed to be able to make life on earth more advanced, peaceful and prosperous with reference to al-Ghazali’s thoughts. It reveals some possible ways to empower pesantren to meets the needs of students in the contemporary era, extracted from al-Ghazali’s thoughts on shak, tawāḍu‘, ṣuḥbah, mukhtalif al-alwān and the classification of knowledge. The study is qualitative research with descriptive analysis of literatures concerning education. In this paper, the author argues that such an ideal pesantren should uphold the characteristics of (1) inclusive religious education, (2) balanced religious and scientific development, (3) student-centered learning, and (4) entrepreneurial institution
Infusing Local Tradition Values into School Culture: How Indonesian Islamic School Set Up Character Education?
Full text linkThe purpose of this study is to reveal the internalization of the maja labo dahu values in character education. The method used is a case study with a qualitative approach. The determination of the research subject is carried out by purposive technique consisting of students and people in MTs Negeri 1 Bima. The sources of data are oral sources, artifacts, documents, and written records. Data are collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. Data validity test is carried out by using triangulation. Data are analyzed by using qualitative analysis techniques of interaction model with steps of data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and conclusions. The results showed that the values of the maja labo dahu are in accordance with the values in character education, namely religious values, honesty, discipline, independence, patriotism, and environmental awareness. Besides, these values have effectively provided moral knowledge to students. The constraints experienced by schools in internalizing these values in character education are the lack of consistency of students parents or the surrounding environment in supporting and developing the cultural values of the maja labo dahu
The Teaching Model on Socio-Cultural Diversity: Learning from Indonesian International Kindergarten
Full text linkThe socio-cultural diversity of Indonesia often leads to conflicts and disputes. Therefore, education on socio-cultural diversity is needed since early childhood. The kids’ understanding of the concept of diversity would make them care about their presence in their diverse socio-cultural environment. The aim of this research is to describe the education model on socio-cultural diversity applied in early childhood education. This research uses the naturalistic qualitative approach and adopts Spradley’s data analysis technique. The data of this research were obtained from the school foundation, headmaster, teachers, students, and parents in the early childhood education Golden Kids School, Surakarta. The data collection techniques used in this study are an in-depth interview, participative observation, and document analysis. The steps of analyzing the data include writing notes and categorizing the preliminary data, categorizing different themes, making matrix forms, and making a conclusion based on the matrix. The results of the study show that the practice of early childhood education that uses socio-cultural diversity approach through learning materials such as local songs, dances, and folktales from different regions, enables the kids to have the concept of knowledge and attitudes that respect diversity and highly uphold tolerance
Political Clientelism as the Way of Survival of Radical Islamic Group Movement in Cianjur, West Java
Full text linkThis study aims to analyze the existence and orientation shift of the radical Islamic group movement in the era of democratic decentralization, with the case study of Islamic Reformist Movement in Cianjur, West Java, therewith influencing factors. Based on the qualitative method, the data collected from various sources reveal that there is an orientation shift of radical Islamic group movement in the era of democratic decentralization; from 'Islamism' to 'premanism’. 'Islamism', that usually becomes the main issue, has now shifted to the domination of economic resources. This orientation shift is one of the ways for its survival. Patron-client political model of the New Order regime appears but in different forms; its characteristics and forms are also more fluid. Before and during the beginning of the Reformation Era, the orientation of radical Islamic group movement is more dominated by ideological motive such as the implementation of Islamic sharia, while during the era of democratic decentralization, its movement orientation shifts to economic pragmatism
Family Suicide Bombing: A Psychological Analysis of Contemporary Terrorism
Full text linkTerrorist organizations are now transforming into small cells and spreading their ideology to various parts of the world. The acts of terrorism in the Surabaya bomb case provide a new paradigm of the involvement of family members or an inner circle in their actions. The involvement of family members is considerably related to some psychological aspects. This study aims to provide a psychological analysis of suicide bombing terrors involving family members. The data obtained were analyzed using the perspective of Moghaddam’s theory, ‘staircases to terrorism’. The result indicates that the suicide bomber who has brought their family members in the action has gone through these six stages of psychological aspects: (1) Search for meaning. Actors seeking self and social meaning and finding reasons from the radical ideology adopted; (2) Presenting the ideology. The idea arises to fight those who are considered to do injustice, and the desire to change the system of government and politics is legitimate; (3) Cultivation stage. The process of ideology processing justification for resistance to those who are considered to be doing injustices; (4) Control over members. The stages of correct or wrong assessment based on the fatwa of the leader; (5) Moral engagement. The stage of identity confirmation and the process of polarization of groups of friends and opponents; (6) Recruitment, which is the stage of active involvement in acts of terrorism ranging from planning, targeting, techniques used, time and location of targets to implementing recruitment
Contestation of Religious Identity in the Cyber World: A Case Study of arrahmah.com and VOA Islam Dealing with Religious Others on Facebook
Full text linkReligious identity frequently causes tensions that in turn lead to social polarization. Contestation and representation of religious identity not only hit the real world but also extend to virtual communities, which are part of a new form of identity contestation in the cyber era. This study uses an ethnographic approach focusing on the beliefs, language, values, rituals, customs, and behavior of people who interact in the community as the object of research. Thus, this study portrays the phenomenon of contestation of religious identity, both in the process of forming the identity (personal identity) of members or followers. The result of this study is that there is the process of forming religious identity on Facebook i.e., in the case of arrahmah.com and VOA Islam. Such process occurs because of the awareness of personal identity, in the form of aspects that differentiate others (self-categorization) and social identity in the form of religious identity that has been internalized through the interaction process in the group. While the demographic contestation of religious identity can be categorized into primary participators as creators of content and religious mindedness narratives, and secondary participators as members who are actively involved in consuming content, and lurkers as silent participants who are targeted by propaganda. The basic form of contestation in these two communities is exclusive religious understanding and views other groups as ‘the other’
Maritime Terrorism Network: Threat and Security in Contemporary Southeast Asia
Full text linkSoutheast Asia is a region that is vulnerable to terrorism. Of the total terrorism cases that occurred in the world, 50 percents occurred in this region. Mindanao is one of the regions in Southeast Asia that since a long time ago has been the basis of world-class terrorism. This situation is getting worse due to the presence of terrorist groups with a strong tradition of maritime piracy. The nexus between terrorism and piracy makes the issue of maritime terrorism in Southeast Asia a regional security concern. Abu Sayyaf Group is a terrorist group in the Southern Philippines that is very well-known but difficult to map. This makes the Abu Sayyaf a source of prolonged tension in the Southern Philippines in particular and in the Southeast Asia region in general. This study is a field observation that uses descriptive analysis to reveal the details of the Abu Sayyaf and the issue of terrorism in Mindanao
Indonesian Traditional Ulama Notions Against Wahhabism: A Study of Abi al-Faḍal al-Senoriy’s Thought
Full text linkStudies of the early 19th century on the classical literatures of traditional Indonesian Muslim scholars in response to Wahhabi developments have forgotten the important work of Kawākib al-Lammā‘ah written by Abi al-Faḍal al-Senoriy. This book emerged in the midst of a situation of massive expansion of Wahhabi teachings and of intense debate among modernist and traditional Muslim groups in Indonesia. This book also represents Nahdlatul Ulama’s response towards Wahhabi teachings because the 23rd Nahdlatul Ulama Conference in Solo in 1964 was recommended to be a referred book in pesantrens and other educational institutions of the Nahdlatul Ulama. Through descriptive-qualitative analysis, this article examines the thought of Abi al-Faḍal al-Senoriy in the particular book. This article finds that Abi al-Faḍal has carried out a critical study on Wahhabi teachings, which according to him opposes Sunni teachings for the Wahhabi teachings contradict some important foundation in the Ahl al-Sunnah Islamic tradition in terms of theology, fiqh, and Sufism
Ibn ‘Arabi’s Influence on Ottoman Sufism in Üftade’s Views
Full text linkAs a great figure, Ibn ‘Arabi’s thoughts greatly influenced the Sufis who came after him. In fact, some researchers in the field of Sufism say that there are new characteristics that have emerged in the history of Sufism after Ibn ‘Arabi, namely philosophical Sufism. The same influence can also be found in the tradition of Sufism thought on Ottoman, one of them is Üftade. In his work entitled Vâkıât, Üftade mentions Ibn ‘Arabi’s name more than 40 times in various topics of discussion. For example, Üftade claimed that he had met Ibn ‘Arabi several times in his dreams, Ibn ‘Arabi’s level of wilāyah and so on. By using the content analysis method, this paper tried to see how the Üftade’s view of Ibn ‘Arabi’s thoughts actually was, his works and his level of wilāyah among other Sufi figures
Piil Pesenggiri as Peace Culture: A Local Wisdom Based Resolution of Land Conflicts In Mesuji, Lampung
No full textThe presence of big companies holding the certificate of cultivation right on lands or hak guna usaha in Mesuji, Lampung has triggered numerous land conflicts. Various efforts have been made, but in fact, they have not been able to resolve the conflicts. A new approach in resolving the conflicts is, thus, needed. This article, using descriptive-qualitative research method, tries to present a new model of resolution of land conflicts in Mesuji, Lampung Province, based on local wisdom called piil pesenggiri, the philosophical values of Lampung people. Piil pesenggiri itself is a sense of self-esteem; it is principles the Lampung people must follow in order to live in dignity. The article argues that the values contained in piil pesenggiri can be used to resolve the land conflicts in Mesuji since they have been inherent in the life of Lampung society. The values are such as juluk adek (principles of success), nemuin yimah (principles of respect), nengah nyappur (principles of equality), and sakai sambayan (principles of cooperation). All those values are a manifestation of peace culture that can be used as a medium of conflict resolution