Walisongo: Jurnal Penelitian Sosial Keagamaan
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The Complicated Relationship of Religious Rituals and Morality: A Critical Review
Full text linkWhile many scholarly studies have focused on the relationship between religion and morality, religion encompasses various domains, necessitating a focused examination of religious rituals and their role in human morality. Reviewing research findings and theoretical frameworks, this article explores how rituals influence moral behavior. The investigation yields varying and sometimes contradictory empirical results form various literature, resulting in inconclusive outcomes. However, theoretical models consistently suggest that rituals affect morality through multiple mechanisms: behavioral, spiritual, behavioral-spiritual, social-interactional, and anthropological. The findings indicate that the influence of rituals on moral order and behavior is not straightforward, but instead operates through complex processes, including the performance of rituals, their sacred nature, and symbolic mechanisms that shape individual adherence to societal norms. Future research should therefore pursue interconnective investigations and multi-method approaches that integrate key ritual dimensions –such as sacredness, devotion, symbolic meaning, and social context– to provide a deeper empirical understanding of the mechanisms by which religious rituals contribute to the development of human morality
Navigating Religious Coexistence in Sri Lanka: Challenges, Reflections, and Implementation Prospects
Full text linkBuddhism, Hinduism, Islam, and Christianity make up the complex religious mosaic that makes up Sri Lanka, and throughout its history, there has been peace and strife between different faiths. Through analyzing the data gathered from purposefully sampled interviews and secondary sources, this study explores the myriad issues that impair the harmonious coexistence of religions and provides viable solutions. The challenges include political interventions that exploit religion for electoral gain, the failure to implement constitutional and legal frameworks designed to promote ethnic harmony, the divisive influence of media, poor communication and coordination among stakeholders, an ineffective education system, and the lack of financial resources for meaningful projects. Reforms to education, interreligious dialogue, constitutional safeguards, regulating media, and legal actions are among the suggested remedies. The findings offer practical perceptions and actionable recommendations to enhance religious coexistence and support broader efforts toward peace and reconciliation in Sri Lanka
Islam without Domination: NU Women and Moderate Ethics at the Grassroots Level in Urban Muslim Society in Depok, Indonesia
Full text linkNahdlatul Ulama (NU) women in Depok develop ethical resistance to the dominance of conservative Islamic politics, which is controlled by a certain political party. This study aims to examine how NU women articulate and engage in ethical resistance through organizational involvement, and how these actions advance religious moderation and the concept of the maṣlaḥah family in an urban Islamic context. Using an interdisciplinary framework that integrates social capital theory, counterpublics, and ethical agency, the research examines the symbolic, structural, and practical strategies employed by NU women across Muslimat NU, Fatayat NU, and IPPNU. The results reveal that NU women create a distinct social environment founded on justice, compassion, and inclusiveness. Their activism offers a counterbalance to conservative narratives in Depok and helps to revive Islamic traditions in modern and contextual ways. By contesting exclusivity in urban culture and opening up space for a more compassionate, inclusive, and transformative expression of Islam, this grassroots movement contributes to broader social change
A Contested Freedom of Religion or Belief (FoRB) under the Majority Power: The Dynamics of Shia Community in Indonesia
Full text linkThe concept of Islamic law in Indonesia is dynamic, dominating several sectors but often arising with controversial effects. One of the minority groups affected is the Shi'a Islam. From the government, the MUI (Indonesian Ulama Council) and "moderate" religious organizations campaign and manipulate anti-Shi'a discourse in Islamic law and blasphemy law as a basis of power to encourage dehumanization or marginalization of minority Islamic groups. Shi'a is often accused of blaspheming Islam as it is different from Sunni beliefs and disrupts public order. This study aims to describe the complexity of the problem and show the dynamics related to the existence of Shia, both leading to the worst violations of the FoRB concept (Freedom of Religion or Belief) or actions in interfaith relations. This article is a qualitative library study. This paper argues that the affirmative action movement between religions contributes positively to responding to the majority-minority conflict in Indonesia by strengthening the multidimensional function of human rights and spreading awareness at all grassroots levels, NGOs, and government officials. This study found that inter-community coexistence raises the awareness that no one has the privilege to deprive every human being of any right
Religious Moderation on Food and Environmental Balance: Local Practices of Muslims and Confucians in Pontianak, West Kalimantan
Full text linkThe study on the role of religious moderation in food consumption practices as a strategy to maintain environmental balance highlights the unique synergy between Islamic and Confucian values within the local context of Pontianak, West Kalimantan, Indonesia. This article explores the moderate practices of Muslims and Confucians in Pontianak in valuing food to maintain environmental balance. More specifically, this article asks how Islamic and Confucian values of moderation are reflected and integrated into daily consumption practices to maintain environmental balance sustainably. Data was collected through in-depth interviews with informants representing Muslim and Confucian communities. The results show that both communities own environmentally friendly practices reflected in efforts to reduce food waste and control consumption. The concept of moderation and balance in Islam and Confucianism is the main foundation of this practice, as well as religious teachings, cultural norms, and ethical values. The findings suggest that environmental stewardship can be a point of convergence between religion and culture to maintain the sustainability of natural resources. These findings’ policy and conceptual implications can be used to promote awareness of environmental stewardship among Muslim and Confucian communities and develop inclusive sustainability strategies. Further studies can expand the scope and go deeper in understanding sustainable behavior in diverse cultural contexts
Helping Ease during Marriage: Tombor Magh as Social Ties among Family Members of Fakfak Family, West Papua, Indonesia
Full text linkA tradition that is still carried out by the Patipi Pulau community of Fakfak Regency is the collection of dowry called the Tombor Magh tradition, which is determined by the female party to the male party through an agreement. The aim of the research is to determine the implementation of the Tombor Magh tradition and the impact of the Tombor Magh tradition carried out by the Patipi Island indigenous community in Fakfak Regency. This is qualitative research, using a social phenomenology paradigm. Research results the Tombor Magh tradition (collection of dowry) is carried out when marriages occur between members of the Fakfak traditional community. The Tombor Magh tradition is carried out at the groom's house. In tradition, there are reciprocal gifts made by the groom's family to cover the groom's lack of dowry. Giving to women is a gift. When Tombor Magh is not fulfilled, the consequences are borne by the man. The delivery objects in Tombor Magh are jumhur, ndrup, pdour, yana, mongmongka, lela, nteing, and antique plates. The function of Tombor Magh is to maintain community culture as a means of unifying, strengthening, and binding the family, maintaining the integrity of family relationships, maintaining traditions passed down from generation to generation, and maintaining the honor and dignity of the male family in fulfilling the dowry. If you don't implement Tombor Magh, there are consequences that must be obeyed, which are habits that arise from mutual agreements that have become the customary law of the community by discarding the surname/family/clan from men to be passed on to their children, which is used is the surname/family/clan
Ki Ratmiko Siswo Carito’s Shadow Puppet Art in Forming Islamic Cultural Identity in Banyumas, Central Java: Holistic-Integrative Fiqh Perspective
Full text linkThe study on integrating shadow puppet art in the Islamic cultural landscape in Banyumas, Central Java, Indonesia, highlights the role of Ki Ratmiko Siswo Carito in cultural preservation and religious education. This paper aims to analyze how Ki Ratmiko Siswo Carito shaped Islamic culture through wayang art based on holistic, integrative jurisprudence. The method used in this paper is a literature study with a qualitative approach, which involves looking for written documents from books, articles, and other written documents that support the topic of discussion. The results showed that Ki Ratmiko Siswo Carito shapes Islamic cultural identity through meticulous puppet performances to convey Islamic teachings. The flexibility of puppets’ performances in incorporating Islamic values without losing their traditional essence reflects a successful model of cultural integration. It enriches the local cultural landscape and becomes a means of religious education, promoting the understanding and practice of Islam. Ki Ratmiko Siswo Carito’s dedication to preserving shadow puppet art with Islamic teachings significantly contributed to Banyumas’ Islamic cultural identity. Integrating Islamic values into shadow puppet art reflects the dynamic nature of cultural heritage and its potential as a medium for religious and cultural education
Larung Sesaji at Ngebel Lake: Dialectics of ‘Urf with Local Culture from the Perspective of Ulama in Ponorogo, East Java
Full text linkTraditions in religious life sometimes cause problems in society. The role of religious experts is very important in solving this problem. This study aims to analyze the tradition of larung Sesaji and the views of religious figures in Ponorogo regarding this procession. This study is qualitative research in which the data were collected from field research. For analysis, descriptive methods with a phenomenological approach are applied. The research results show that the tradition of larung sesaji in Ngebel Lake, with its various kinds of knick-knacks, is passed down from generation to generation as an accumulation of pre-Islamic customs. This tradition was originally a prayer for safety from the disaster caused by the supernatural ruler of Ngebel Lake. In response to this, the puritan Ulama in Ponorogo stated that larung sesaji is close to shirk (idolatry) and is considered ‘urf fāsid, so there is no need to practice it. While moderate ulama is more flexible, allowing the tradition to continue as usual while giving guidance so that any possibility of violations of the Shari’a can be anticipated; hence, it is considered ‘urf ṣaḥīḥ. However, as a consequence of the Constitutional Court Decision No. 97/PUU-XIV/2016 regarding believers with no belief to not include their religion on KTP (ID Card), people around Ngebel Lake have converted their faith (apostates). Eventually, this tradition and practice are beyond the authority of the MUI and ulama
Cultivating Tolerance in East Priangan: Religious Moderation in the Eastern Universities of West Java, Indonesia
Full text linkReligious moderation has become increasingly relevant in diverse and pluralistic societies, particularly within academic settings where varying interpretations of religious teachings often emerge. This study highlights the growing need to explore and understand religious attitudes among students in the context of their social, cultural, and political influences. The study investigates students' perceptions and views regarding religious moderation by delving into critical issues such as the relationship between Pancasila and religion, the idea of a caliphate state, respect for state symbols, and attitudes toward violence. A quantitative survey approach involved 463 students selected through stratified random sampling from various study programs and semester levels. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire to assess students' perspectives on these controversial topics. The findings reveal a comprehensive picture of religious attitudes among students, emphasizing the importance of fostering religious moderation within academic environments. These results underline the necessity for effective educational strategies to promote understanding and respect for diverse beliefs while minimizing conflict. The study is significant for policymakers, educators, and practitioners because it offers insights into the dynamics of religious attitudes in higher education. By addressing the complexities of religious moderation, these findings contribute to developing strategies that can support harmonious coexistence in pluralistic academic communities
A Peace Tourism Model for Conflict Resolution between Religious Organizations in Indonesia
Full text linkIndonesia, with its majority Muslim population, is home to two major Islamic organizations: Muhammadiyah and Nahdlatul Ulama (NU). Although both are rooted in the same faith, they often face tensions due to differing interpretations and religious practices. Most previous research has focused on their conflicts and rhetorical approaches to resolution, while practical strategies—such as tourism—have received little attention. This conceptual study explores how peace tourism can serve as a new way to foster reconciliation between Muhammadiyah and NU. Peace tourism refers to travel that facilitates dialogue and understanding between groups in conflict. This study introduces a simple, practical model of peace tourism that uses shared historical narratives and visits to significant sites of both organizations to bring the two groups closer and promote Ukhuwah Islamiyah (Islamic brotherhood). By participating in these joint trips, both groups can strengthen two key aspects of Islamic brotherhood: ta'aruf (getting to know one another) and tafahum (mutual understanding). The study draws on existing literature in conflict resolution and peace tourism, offering a theoretical exploration of how tourism can improve inter-group relations in Indonesia. It concludes with suggestions for tourism initiatives that could create space for meaningful dialogue and greater harmony between Muhammadiyah and NU