JRSKT - Jurnal Riset Sains dan Kimia Terapan
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Uji Aktivitas Inhibisi Enzim α-Glukosidase secara In Vitro dari Ekstrak Metanol Daun Cryptocarya densiflora Blume dan Fraksi-Fraksinya
Full text linkCryptocarya densiflora Blume digunakan dalam penelitian penelusuran senyawa antidiabetes melalui penentuan aktivitas inhibisinya terhadap enzim α-glukosidase secara in vitro. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan profil fitokimia ekstrak metanol daun Cryptocarya densiflora Blume dan fraksi-fraksinya (n-heksana, n-heksana-etil asetat, serta etil asetat) serta aktivitas inhibisinya terhadap enzim α-glukosidase. Berdasarkan data yang diperoleh pada penelitian ini, diketahui bahwa fraksi etil asetat mengandung senyawa golongan flavonoid, fenolik, saponin, dan tanin. Di samping itu, fraksi etil asetat berpotensi sebagai inhibitor enzim α-glukosidase dengan nilai IC50 sebesar 93,325 ppm dengan kategori aktif sebagai antidiabetes.
Kata kunci: Cryptocarya densiflora Blume, Inhibisi enzim α-glukosidase, in vitr
Survei Loss Profile Budidaya Udang Akibat Bahan Kimia pada Petambak Tradisional di Kabupaten Serang, Provinsi Banten
Full text linkTujuan penelitian mencari data untuk mengetahui potensi kerugian yang dialami oleh petambak udang ditinjau dari frequency (jumlah kemungkinan terjadinya) dan severity (dampak kerugian yang ditimbulkan), untuk menetapkan status risiko dari loss profile yang diakibatkan oleh bahan kimia. Survei dilakukan dalam bulan April 2017. Penelitian dilakukan di 2 (dua) Kecamatan Kabupaten Serang yaitu Pontang dan Tirtayasa. Dari Kecamatan Pontang , survei dilakukan di 5 lima) desa/kelurahan dengan jumlah petambak 20 (dua puluh) orang sedangkan di Kecamatan Tirtayasa dilakukan di 1 (satu) desa/kelurahan dengan jumlah penambak 9 (sembilan) orang, sehingga total petambak yang berhasil disurvei berjumlah 29 (dua puluh sembilan) orang. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa risiko kegagalan panen yang disebabkan oleh bahan kimia adalah tidak tumbuhnya bibit udang secara maksimal dan yang paling parah adanya kematian bibit udang karena mengalami keracunan oleh bahan-bahan kimia dalam air tambak. Hal ini disebabkan petambak udang tradisional tidak memeriksa/mengukur kualitas air yang cocok untuk budidaya udang sebelumnya. Selain itu adanya pencemaran yang berasal dari industri kertas PT. Indah Kiat yang membuang limbahnya ke sungai Ciujung menyebabkan beberapa petambak uang di Kabupaten Serang mengalami kerugian karena udang yang ada di tambak mengalami keracunan. Hampir seluruh petambak di Kabupaten Serang belum pernah mempelajari teknik budidaya udang sebelum mereka memulai usahanya sebagai petambak.
Kata kunci: budidaya udang, Loss profile akibat bahan kimia, petambak tradisional
Pengaruh Adjuvant Alumina dan Protein Rekombinan Fim-C Inclusion Bodies Salmonella Typhimurium terhadap Respon Imun Mencit Balb/C
Full text linkTyphoid fever is one of the most public health problem in the world, with approximately 17 million cases of typhoid fever worldwide and 600,000 death cases each year. One method to prevent typhoid fever is vaccination. Nowadays, frequently, vaccine for typhoid fever is Ty 21a and vi polysaccharide vaccines. In other hands, it has side effect of nausea, fever, and headache. So it is still necessary to search other typhoid vaccine with minimum side effects. The purpose of this study was to obtain immunogenicity test information of recombinant protein Fim-C S. typhimurium and adjuvant alumina in Balb / C mice. The used doses were 20 μg, 40 μg, and 60 μg. Plasma was obtain then analyzed by ELISA, western immunobloting, and dot blot. Immune response of Balb / C mice from KS 1 showed significant differences antibody when dose injection 40μg / 20g BB and KS2 showed significant differences antibody when dose injection 20μg / 20g BB compared with KN. Adjuvant alumina was added to the Fim-C protein inclusion bodies Salmonella typhimurium provides a higher immune response compared to the Fim-C inclusions bodies Salmonella typhimurium protein without the addition of adjuvant alumina. The results of analysis by using western blot and dot blot showed the formation of brown color indicating the interaction between protein Fim-C inclusion bodies Salmonella typhimurium and anti-Fim-C S. typhimurium antibodies. The results of adjuvant alumina and protein Fim-C inclusion bodies of Salmonella typhimurium in Balb / C mice concluded that adjuvant alumina and Fim-C protein inclusion bodies Salmonella typhimurium provide significant increased immune response in Balb / C mice.
Keyword: Salmonella typhimurium, typhoid vaccine, recombinant protein Fim-inclusion Bodies S. typhimurium, Balb/C mic
CHALCONE DYEING ON SILK FABRICS PRETREATED WITH CHITOSAN:OPTIMIZATION, ISOTHERM AND KINETICS
Full text linkSurface response methodology was involved in the optimization of chalcone adsorption upon silk fabrics treated with chitosan against the process parameters pH, temperature and contact time. The effects of these factors were studied in the ranges 4.0-6.0 , 85-950C and 20-60 min at initial concentration chalcone dye 500 mg.L−1, respectively. A predictive quadratic model was constructed by variance analysis of data obtained from a total of 20 experimental runs with three replicates each. The maximum q 279 mg/g was found under the experimental conditions of pH= 5.0, contact time = 40 and temperature = 90.Out of Langmuir isotherm models, adsorption data was best described by Langmuir isotherm with 0.99 consistency. The process kinetics was evaluated by pseudo-second order. Pseudo-second order kinetic model exhibited the highest correlation with data. The results showed that both monolayer adsorption and intra-particle diffusion mechanisms limited the rate of chalcone adsorption.
Keywords:Chalcone, silk fabrics , optimization, kinetics and isother
Sintesis Komposit Silika Gel dari Sekam Padi – 3-Aminopropiltrietoksisilan (APTES) dengan Karbon Aktif dari Tempurung Kelapa dan Uji Adsorpsi Terhadap Logam Cd (II)
Full text linkIn this research, silica gel composite modified adsorbents were made with APTES and activated carbon. Silica gel comes from rice husk and activated carbon comes from coconut shell. This rice husk ash is processed in such a way as a sodium silicate solution to produce a silica gel product. The silica gel was then mixed with 3-aminopropylsylatedoxylic reagent (APTES) and activated carbon previously with ZnCl 2 solution and processed into composite. Characterization of composite synthesis using FTIR spectroscopy shows uptake of N-H, silanol (Si-OH), siloxane (Si-O-Si), and C-H bonds. The content of the silica gel composite modified by APTES and activated carbon is indicated through EDX analysis results that the composite of the synthesis has a mass percentage of each atom of 32.92% carbon, 25.88% nitrogen, 26.04% oxygen, and 15.16% silica. The results showed that the optimum pH required for the adsorption of Cd (II) ions with silica gel composite was modified with APTES and the activated carbon was 5.0 and the optimum contact time was 30 minutes. Adsorption of Cd (II) ions by silica gel composites was modified by APTES and activated carbon followed Freundlich adsorption isotherm. Therefore, adsorption occurs forming a heterogeneous monolayer layer.
Keywords
rice husk ash, silica gel, APTES, activated carbon, composite, adsorptio
Pengaruh Perbandingan Pati Biji Sorgum (Sorghum Bicolor (l.) Moench) dan Poly Lactic Acid (PLA) terhadap Karakteristik Plastik Biodegradable
Full text linkThis study aims to determine the effect of Sorghum and Poly lactic acid (PLA) on the plastic characteristics that can be seen from tensile strength, water resistance, and biodegradability. The method used blending (mixing) sorghum seed starch, PLA, glycerol, acetic acid, and maleic anhydride. From the results of infrared spectrum analysis on the visible plastic peak area 2250-2300 cm-1 which indicates the absorption of carbon dioxide. This plastic has an optimum water resistance of 92.76% in the ratio of Pati 0.6g: PLA 2.6g. The optimum tensile test results in a comparison of 0.2g starch: PLA 3g with a value of 10.58 Mpa. Optimum biodegradation test results in starch ratio of 0.6g: PLA 2.6g of 13.61%. From the data obtained can be concluded the optimum biodegradation and water endurance test on the ratio of starch 0.6g: PLA 2.6g.
Keyword: Seaweed starch, PLA, glycerol, maleic anhydrous, biodegraded plasti
PEMANFAATAN SILIKA DARI SEKAM PADI PADA KOMPOSIT POLIESTER TEK JENUH-SILIKA
Full text linkSilica was extracted from rice husk ash, and then applied as a filler in Unsaturated polyester/silica(UP/SiO2) composite. The aim of this rpicle were artesearch to know the characteristic of silica and it uses as a filler in composite by tensile strength test. The size variation of silica were 60, 100, 230 and 400 mesh, while variation of silica concentration (% w/w) were 0.5%, 1 %, 1.5 % and 2 %. The analysis concluded that variation of particle size and concentration of silica were reduce the tensile strength of composite
Key word: silica, composite, tensile strengt
PENGARUH WAKTU REAKSI DALAM SINTESIS BESI BERVALENSI NOL (ZVI) DARI FeSO4 DENGAN EKSTRAK POLIFENOL KULIT PISANG KEPOK
Full text linkBesi bervalensi nol (ZVI) telah berhasil disintesis menggunakan ekstrak kulit pisang kepok sebagai reduktor alami. Analisis terhadap karakteristik ZVI hasil sintesis berupa ukuran, kristalinitas dan morfologi telah dilakukan dengan menggunakan spektrofotometer UV-Vis, particle size analyzer (PSA), X-ray difractometer (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), dan fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR). Pengukuran konsentrasi Fe2+ yang bereaksi dengan ekstrak yang digunakan divariasikan terhadap waktu, yaitu: 0 jam, 3 jam, 24 jam, 48 jam dan 144 jam. Konsentrasi Fe2+ yang bereaksi dengan polifenol terbesar terjadi ketika waktu reaksi 3 jam, yaitu 110.465,22 ppm. Waktu reaksi 1 jam menghasilkan distribusi ukuran partikel yang paling rendah, yaitu Dv 10 = 383,93 nm; Dv 50 = 537,17 nm; dan Dv 90 = 851,36 nm dengan polydispersity Index (PDI) sebesar 0,1240. Difrasi sinar-X menunjukkan ZVI hasil sintesis merupakan amorf yang terdiri dari fasa iron dan magnetite dengan presentase masing-masing berturut-turut 17,5 % dan 82,5%.Kata Kunci: Besi Bervalensi Nol (ZVI), Reduksi Garam Besi, Polifenol, Waktu Reaksi, Dv, PDI, Aglomerasi.
Zero valent iron (ZVI) has been synthesized using banana peel extracts. Characterization of the obtained ZVI was carried out using UV-Vis spectrophotometer, particle size analyzer (PSA), X-ray difractometer (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR). Measurement of the concentration of Fe2+ reacted with the used extracts varied with respect to time, namely 0 hours, 3 hours, 24 hours, 48 hours and 144 hours. The concentration of Fe2+ which reacts with the largest polyphenols occur when reaction time of 3 hours, ie 110,465.22 ppm. Reaction time of 1 hour to produce a particle size distribution of the lowest, ie Dv 10 = 383.93 nm; Dv 50 = 537.17 nm; and Dv 90 = 851.36 nm with a polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.1240. X-ray diffraction showed that synthesized ZVI is an amorphous phase consisting of iron and magnetite with the percentage of each respectively 17.5% and 82.5%.Keywords: Zero Valent Iron (ZVI), Reduction of Iron Salt, Polyphenols, Time Reaction, Dv, PDI, Agglomeratio
ADSORPSI EOSIN Y DARI LARUTAN BERAIR DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN KOLUM KITOSAN HIDROKSIAPATIT
Full text linkHidroksiapatit dibua dengan metode basah menggunakan larutan Ca(OH)2 dan 0,6 M dan H3PO4 1M pada pH 10. Selanjutnya hidroksiapatit dicampur dengan kitosan sehingga diperoleh hidroksiapatit kitosan. Berdasarkan hasil analisa FTIR menunjukkan bahwa reaksi antara hidroksiapatit dan kitosan melibatkan gugus fosfat dari hidroksiapatit dan gugus amina dari kitosan. Kitosan hidrksiapatit digunakan sebagai adsorben untuk mengadsorpsi Eosin Y dengan metode kolum pada tinggi adsorben dan laju alir Eosin Y yang berbeda beda. Model breakthrough diuji dengan menggunakan model perhitungan Yoon dan Nelson. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa kapasitas adsorpsi terbesar diperoleh pada laju alir 0,2 mL/menit, tringgi adsorben 0,4 cm dan pH larutan Eosin Y = 5
Kata kunci : kitosan hidroksiapatit, adsoprsi , metode kolum, Eosin
SINTESIS DAN UJI ADSORPSI SILIKA TERMODIFIKASI 3-Aminopropiltrietoksisilan (APTS) PADA LOGAM Cu (II) DALAM LARUTAN
Full text linkPada penelitian ini dibuat adsorben silika termodifikasi APTS yang disintesis menggunakan bahan dasar sekam padi. Abu sekam padi ini diolah sedemikian rupa menjadi larutan natrium silikat hingga menghasilkan produk silika gel. Silika gel kemudian dimodifikasi secara kimia dengan reagen 3-aminopropiltrietoksisilan (APTS) sehingga menghasilkan silika termodifikasi APTS. Hasil FTIR menunjukkan bahwa silika termodifikasi APTS mengandung serapan gugus fungsi amino (-NH2), silanol (Si-OH), siloksana (Si-O-Si), dan rantai alifatik (-CH2-). Kandungan dari silika termodifikasi APTS yang ditunjukkan melalui hasil analisis EDX juga menunjukkan bahwa produk memiliki persentase massa masing-masing atom 35.26% silika, 48.47% oksigen, dan 16.27% nitrogen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pH optimum yang diperlukan untuk adsorpsi ion Cu(II) dengan silika termodifikasi APTS adalah 4.0 dan konsentrasi optimum sebesar 100 mg/L. Adsorpsi ion Cu(II) oleh silika termodifikasi APTS mengikuti isoterma adsorpsi Langmuir dengan nilai qmaks sebesar 48.36 mg/g. Dengan demikian adsorpsi terjadi secara kimia dengan membentuk lapisan monolayer.
APTS modified silica adsorbent which has been synthesized, using rice hull ash as a raw material. This rice hull ash was carried out to sodium silicate which will be produced to silica gel product. Silica gel was modified with 3-Aminopropyltriethoxysilane (3-APTS) so that produced APTS modified silica. FTIR data indicated APTS modified silica showed the presence of amine (-NH2), silanol (Si-OH), siloxane (Si-O-Si) groups, and aliphatic chains (-CH2-). Contents of APTS modified silica were determined by EDX which had 35.26% silica, 48.47% oxygen, and 16.27% nitrogen. Research results showed that a pH value is 4.0 which is favorable for copper adsorption and optimum concentration value is 100 mg/L Cu(II). Adsorption process of Copper(II) ion by APTS modified silica followed Langmuir isotherm with qmaks 48.36 mg/g. Therefore adsorption happened chemically with monolayer.Key words: APTS modified silica, sol-gel, rice hull ash, adsorption, copper