Jurnal Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Alam dan Lingkungan (Journal of Natural Resources and Environmental Management)
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Genetic diversity of horseshoe crabs (Carcinoscorpius rotundicauda and Tachypleus gigas) in Demak, Madura and Balikpapan waters based on Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA marker
Get PDFHorseshoe crab is an exotic and protected marine organism in Indonesia and is considered as the living fossil animal in the world. IUCN conservation status of Carcinoscorpius rotundicauda and Tachypleus gigas is still Data Deficient, and in Indonesia research on genetic population is lacking, if any. This study aims to reveal genetic diversity of C. rotundicauda and T. gigas populations in northern Java (Demak and Madura) and Balikpapan waters. This research was conducted by using molecular analysis with genetic markers Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD). The primers used in this study were OPB 06, OPG 10, and OPX 03. The results showed that the highest polymorphism of C. rotundicauda was found in Demak (74.6667%) and heterozygosity was 0.2669. Furthermore, T. gigas had the highest polymorphism in Madura (74.3590%) and heterozygosity was 0.25551. Based on pairwise comparison tests, populations of C. rotundicauda and T. gigas in Demak, Madura, and Balikpapan were significantly different (p<0.05). The difference is believed due to the limitation movement of horseshoe crabs from and into the three locations, as well as the presence of natural geographic barrier. Thus,it can be concluded that horseshoe crabs in northern Java and Balikpapan waters has different genetic diversity. Genetically, horseshoe crab in northern Java or Balikpapan had relatively moderate diversity and low adaptation capability.Horseshoe crab is an exotic and protected marine organism in Indonesia and is considered as the living fossil animal in the world. IUCN conservation status of Carcinoscorpius rotundicauda and Tachypleus gigas is still Data Deficient, and in Indonesia research on genetic population is lacking, if any. This study aims to reveal genetic diversity of C. rotundicauda and T. gigas populations in northern Java (Demak and Madura) and Balikpapan waters. This research was conducted by using molecular analysis with genetic markers Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD). The primers used in this study were OPB 06, OPG 10, and OPX 03. The results showed that the highest polymorphism of C. rotundicauda was found in Demak (74.6667%) and heterozygosity was 0.2669. Furthermore, T. gigas had the highest polymorphism in Madura (74.3590%) and heterozygosity was 0.25551. Based on pairwise comparison tests, populations of C. rotundicauda and T. gigas in Demak, Madura, and Balikpapan were significantly different (p<0.05). The difference is believed due to the limitation movement of horseshoe crabs from and into the three locations, as well as the presence of natural geographic barrier. Thus,it can be concluded that horseshoe crabs in northern Java and Balikpapan waters has different genetic diversity. Genetically, horseshoe crab in northern Java or Balikpapan had relatively moderate diversity and low adaptation capability
A study conversion to be mining cement in Maruni protected forest Manokwari Regency
Get PDFProtected forests play an important role in supporting human life, protecting land and water and preventing the dangers of flooding and landslides, but a lot of conversions have taken place today. Research-based on techniques for observation, interviews, and case studies. Measurement of respondents\u27 perceptions and attitudes is carried out using instruments in the form of questionnaires that refer to the Likert scale. Data analysis was performed descriptively to describe the level of perception, attitude with simple non parametric linear regression. Maruni protected forest has the potential of limestone with 11 mineral elements, 5 of which are the largest Ca (93.62%), Si (2.45%), Mg (1.58%), Al (0.97%) ) and K (0.47%). This forest allows conversion area, from an area of 969.84 ha with limestone potential of only 250 ha (25.78%), another 719.84 ha (74.22%) can still be designated as a protected forest. The public perception of conversion to cement mining was 59.03% negative, 14.83% neutral and 26.12% positive. While the attitudes of the community 43.1% accept, 38.94% neutral and 47.92% reject the conversion to become cement mining. The community hopes that there will be economic improvement, community empowerment and employment, especially affected communities.
Keywords: Conversion, cement mining, Maruni protected forest/HLM, perception, attitudeProtected forests play an important role in supporting human life, protecting land and water and preventing the dangers of flooding and landslides, but a lot of conversions have taken place today. Research-based on techniques for observation, interviews, and case studies. Measurement of respondents\u27 perceptions and attitudes is carried out using instruments in the form of questionnaires that refer to the Likert scale. Data analysis was performed descriptively to describe the level of perception, attitude with simple non parametric linear regression. Maruni protected forest has the potential of limestone with 11 mineral elements, 5 of which are the largest Ca (93.62%), Si (2.45%), Mg (1.58%), Al (0.97%) ) and K (0.47%). This forest allows conversion area, from an area of 969.84 ha with limestone potential of only 250 ha (25.78%), another 719.84 ha (74.22%) can still be designated as a protected forest. The public perception of conversion to cement mining was 59.03% negative, 14.83% neutral and 26.12% positive. While the attitudes of the community 43.1% accept, 38.94% neutral and 47.92% reject the conversion to become cement mining. The community hopes that there will be economic improvement, community empowerment and employment, especially affected communities.
Keywords: Conversion, cement mining, Maruni protected forest/HLM, perception, attitud
Tourism Development Plans Based On Local Wisdom in Tin Post Mining Area in Merawang District, Bangka Regency
Get PDFEnvironmental damage due to tin mining in Bangka Regency, especially in Merawang District is increasing. The negative impacts of this mining are eliminating the composition or structure of vegetation, changing the function of wildlife habitat, changing the shape of the landscape, producing waste, and draining ground and surface water. One form that can be developed in the development of post-tin mining areas that are environmentally friendly is the development of tourism based on local wisdom while still paying attention to natural resources, especially conservation areas such as protected forests and borders. Tourism development is carried out to restore the area with various activities that involve the community. The results of spatial analysis of tourism suitability in Merawang District have very suitable criteria (S1) with tourism suitability index (IKW) of 67.29% and suitability (S2) with IKW value of 19.82% and not suitable (S4) with IKW value of 12, 89%. Local wisdom in Merawang District is based on AHP analysis in the ecological aspects of "customary forests", social aspects of "nganggung", economic aspects of "typical culinary", and historical aspects of "becampak". Meanwhile, the most priority local wisdom based on all aspects is obtained "typical culinary".Kerusakan lingkungan akibat penambangan timah di Kabupaten Bangka, khususnya di Kabupaten Merawang semakin meningkat. Dampak negatif dari penambangan ini adalah menghilangkan komposisi atau struktur vegetasi, mengubah fungsi habitat satwa liar, mengubah bentuk lanskap, menghasilkan limbah, dan menguras air tanah dan air permukaan. Salah satu bentuk yang dapat dikembangkan dalam pengembangan kawasan penambangan pasca timah yang ramah lingkungan adalah pengembangan pariwisata berbasis kearifan lokal dengan tetap memperhatikan sumber daya alam, terutama kawasan konservasi seperti hutan lindung dan sempadan. Pengembangan pariwisata dilakukan untuk memulihkan kawasan tersebut dengan berbagai kegiatan yang melibatkan masyarakat. Hasil analisis spasial kesesuaian pariwisata di Kabupaten Merawang memiliki kriteria sangat sesuai (S1) dengan indeks kesesuaian pariwisata (IKW) 67,29% dan sesuai (S2) dengan nilai IKW 19,82% dan tidak sesuai (S4) dengan nilai IKW 12,89%. Kearifan lokal di Kabupaten Merawang didasarkan pada analisis AHP dalam aspek ekologis yaitu "hutan adat", aspek sosial yaitu "nganggung", aspek ekonomi yaitu "kuliner khas", dan aspek sejarah yaitu "becampak". Sementara itu, kearifan lokal yang paling prioritas berdasarkan semua aspek diperoleh "kuliner khas"
Spatial Bioeconomic Analysis of Grouper Fishing on the Fisheries Management Framework in Saleh Bay : Analisis Bioekonomi Spasial Perikanan Kerapu Dalam Kerangka Pengelolaan Perikanan Di Teluk Saleh
No full textThis study aims to determine the performance of small-scale grouper fisheries in Saleh Bay using a spatial bioeconomic approach. The optimal fishing trip allocation and economic rent based on the fishing grounds and its season were estimated using this approach. The results showed from the seven main fishing grounds (DPI) in Saleh Bay, the highest optimal trip need to be allocated to DPI-7 with approximately 2833 trips per year, followed by DPI-5 (2107), DPI-1 (1158), DPI -4 (1064), DPI-6 (970), DPI-2 (940) and DPI-3 (524). The intensity of fishing trip responded to the quasi-profit. The grouper catches produced quasi-profits of IDR 1.4 billion per year. The maximum and minimum annual profits of IDR 428 million and IDR 55 million were achieved in DPI-7 and DPI-3, respectively. This trip allocation complements the existing restriction management instrument, related to the control of input, area and season closure options. This strategy choice eases the fisheries managers to focus on spatial and temporal control efforts with high resolution.Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui performa perikanan kerapu skala kecil di Teluk Saleh berdasarkan pendekatan bioekonomi spasial. Penelitian ini mengimplementasikan pendekatan bioekonomi spasial ini untuk mengestimasi alokasi spasial trip penangkapan optimal yang diperbolehkan dan nilai keuntungan ekonomi yang diperoleh. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa secara spasial jumlah trip optimal tertinggi sebaiknya dialokasikan di Daerah Penangkapan Ikan (DPI)-7 sebesar 2883 trip per tahun diikuti oleh DPI-5 (2107), DPI -1 (1158), DPI-4 (1064), DPI-6 (970), DPI-2 (940) dan DPI-3 (524). Berdasarkan nilai effort tersebut diperoleh keuntungan ekonomi secara kumulatif sebesar Rp 1.4 miliyar per tahun, dengan distribusi keuntungan tertinggi di DPI-7 sebesar 428 juta per tahun, dan terendah di DPI-3 sebesar 55 juta per tahun. Alokasi trip penangkapan ini dapat melengkapi instrumen pembatasan penangkapan yang sudah ada, terutama terkait dengan pengendalian input dan opsi penutupan daerah dan musim penangkapan. Pilihan strategi ini memudahkan pengelola perikanan untuk fokus melakukan pengendalian dan pengawasan secara spasial dan temporal dengan resolusi tinggi
Perubahan Penggunaan dan Tutupan Lahan, Serta Faktor Penyebabnya di Pulau Bengkalis, Provinsi Riau (periode 1990-2019)
Get PDFIndonesia adalah salah satu negara dengan perubahan tutupan lahan yang dinamis karena sumber perekonomian negara yang bersumber pada pengelolaan sumber daya berbasis lahan. Di sisi lain, pengelolaan tersebut berdampak negatif seperti konflik sosial dan kerusakan lingkungan. Penelitian ini mengamati pola perubahan tutupan lahan dan mengeksplorasi faktor pendorong penyebab perubahan tersebut pada periode 1990-2019 di Pulau Bengkalis, Indonesia untuk memantau dan menghasilkan informasi yang dapat digunakan sebagai dasar dalam meminimalkan perubahan tutupan lahan yang tidak terkendali. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan mempelajari laporan dan penelitian sebelumnya, observasi, dan melaksanakan fokus grup diskusi dan wawancara mendalam. Penelitian ini menggunakan GIS dalam analisis perubahan tutupan dan penggunaan lahan multiwaktu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tutupan hutan alam menurun tajam sejak tahun 1990. Setelah tahun 2000, area kebun campuran lebih luas dibandingkan dengan tutupan hutan alam. Luas areal perkebunan kelapa sawit dan hutan tanaman juga mulai meningkat. Program transmigrasi telah memicu pembukaan lahan besar-besaran di Pulau Bengkalis. Pembukaan lahan oleh transmigran dan krisis ekonomi mendorong pembukaan lahan yang lebih besar oleh transmigran spontan.Indonesia is one of the countries with dynamic land cover changes because the country\u27s economy is sourced from land-based resource management. On the other hand, it has negative impacts such as social conflict and environmental damage. This paper observed patterns of land change and explores its driving forces during 1900-2019 on Bengkalis Island, Indonesia to monitor and provide information that can be used as a base for reducing uncontrolled land-use changes in an area. We reviewed previous reports and research, observed land cover conditions in the field, carried out focus group discussions, and deep interviews. We implemented GIS to capture time-series land cover and land-use changes. The results showed that the forest cover has declined sharply since 1990. After 2000, the area of mixed garden was larger than the forest cover. The area of oil palm and forest plantations began to increase. The transmigration policy has triggered masive land clearing on Bengkalis Island. Land clearing by transmigrants and the economic crisis have led to greater land clearing by spontaneous transmigrants
Water Quality Assessment at Bedadung River in Jember Regency
Get PDFPenilaian kualitas air sungai berperan penting dalam penentuan peruntukan sumber air pemukaan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu mengidentifikasi daya tampung beban pencemaran dan menilai status mutu air menggunakan metode CCME-WQI. Sungai Bedadung yang melewati segmen Perkotaan Kabupaten Jember. Pemantauan parameter kualitas air dan debit dilakukan pada 5 lokasi pengambilan contoh air. Parameter TSS, BOD, COD, dan debit air pada periode pengamatan tahun 2019 digunakan untuk mengukur nilai daya tampung beban pencemaran. Data input kualitas air berupa parameter fisika, kimia, dan mikrobiologi pada periode pengamatan tahun 2016 – 2019 digunakan untuk menentukan nilai indeks kualitas air menggunakan metode CCME-WQI. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai daya tampung beban pencemaran Sungai Bedadung segmen Perkotaan Kabuoaten Jember berdasarkan parameter TSS, BOD, dan COD secara berurutan yaitu 17429,99 kg/hari; 410,75 kg/hari; dan 2357,33 kg.hari. Rentang nilai Indeks Kualitas Air Sungai Bedadung segmen Perkotaan Kabupaten Jember dari tahun 2016 – 2019 sebesar 53,21 – 79,31 dengan kategori fair sampai marginal. Parameter yang mengakibatkan rendahnya nilai IKA yaitu BOD, COD, H2S, Cl-, PO4, dan total coliform.Assessment of river water quality an important role in determining the allocation of surface water resourses. The purpose of this study is to identify the pollution load capacity and the status of water quality assessment using the CCME-WQI method. Monitoring of water quality and discharge parameters is carried out at 5 locations of water sampling. The BOD, COD, TSS, and discharge parameters in the observation period of 2019 were used to measure the value of the pollution load capacity. Water quality input data in the form of physical, chemical, and microbiological parameters in the 2016-2019 observation period were used to determine the water quality index value using the CCME-WQI method. The results showed that the value of the pollution load capacity of the Bedadung River pollution in the urban area segment of Jember Regency refers to TSS, BOD, and COD parameters respectively are 17429.99 kg/day; 410.75 kg/day; and 2357.33 kg/day. The range of Bedadung River Water Quality Index (WQI) values for the Urban segment of Jember Regency from 2016 - 2019 is 53.21 - 79.31 category fair to marginal categories. The parameters that cause low WQI values are BOD, COD, H2S, Cl-, PO4, and total coliform
Assessment of heavy metals pollution in sediment of Citarum River, Indonesia
Get PDFHeavy metals have been reported to accumulate in sediment of Citarum River. The measurement of total heavy metals may not be able to provide information about the exact dimension of pollution, thus the determination of different fractions assumed great importance. This study was performed to determine chemical fractions of heavy metals (Cu, Ni, Cr, Pb and Cd) in sediment collected at 8 locations from Citarum River. The sequential extraction procedure was used to extract heavy metals in water-soluble, acid-soluble, MnO occluded, organically bound, FeO occluded and residual fraction in sediment. Bioavailability and potential ecological risk level of heavy metals were evaluated based on bioavailability factor (BF) and risk assessment code (RAC) method. The results showed that Cu, Ni, Cr were mostly in residual form, indicate those from geological sources. Cu had low bioavailability and no risk in all sediment samples of Citarum River. Ni and Cr each was found to have risk at 2 locations. Pb and Cd were found dominantly in non-residual fraction, suggest those from anthropogenic sources. BF and RAC analysis of Pb and Cd suggest that there is a potential risk to the aquatic environment
Soil Phosphorus Fractions in Top Soil and its Correlation with Some Soil Chemical Properties of Forest and Oil Palm Plantations in Jambi
Get PDFPerubahan penggunaan lahan hutan menjadi perkebunan kelapa sawit diduga mengubah distribusi fraksi fosfor (P) tanah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi fraksi P pada lapisan permukaan tanah di lahan hutan dan perkebunan kelapa sawit di Jambi, serta korelasinya dengan sifat kimia tanah. Sampel tanah diambil dari lapisan atas tanah hutan dan perkebunan kelapa sawit. Beberapa sifat kimia tanah dan fraksi-fraksi P dianalisis. Fraksionasi P dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode Tiessen dan Moir. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa fraksi P agak labil yaitu NaOH-Porganik (-Po ) dan -Pinorganik (Pi) merupakan fraksi yang ditemukan dominan di hutan dan perkebunan kelapa sawit. Persentase P labil (resin-Pi, NaHCO3-Pi,-Po) dan P organik agak labil (NaOH-Po) dari total fraksi P ditemukan lebih tinggi di lahan hutan dibandingkan dengan perkebunan kelapa sawit. Fraksi NaOH-Pi di perkebunan kelapa sawit lebih tinggi nilainya dibandingkan dengan di hutan. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa secara alami perubahan penggunaan lahan hutan menjadi kelapa sawit mengubah distribusi fraksi P sebagai akibat dari perubahan kandungan karbon (C) organik tanah. Analisis korelasi menunjukkan bahwa hampir semua fraksi P berkorelasi positif dengan C organik, mengidentifikasikan bahwa mineralisasi C organik mempengaruhi distribusi fraksi P yang artinya C organik tanah mengontrol distribusi fraksi P pada lapisan permukaan tanah di lahan hutan dan perkebunan kelapa sawit.The change from forest to oil palm plantation probably changes the distribution of phosphorus (P) fractions in the soil. This study was aimed to evaluate the soil top layer P fractions, collected in forest and oil palm plantation in Jambi, as well as their correlation with soil chemical properties. Soil samples were collected in top layers of forest and oil palm plantation. Some soil chemical properties and P fractions were analyzed. The P fractions analyze were conducted according to Tiessen and Moir method. The results showed that the moderately labile P fractions namely NaOH-Porganic (-Po ) and -Pinorganic (Pi) were the dominant fraction in forest soil and oil palm plantation as well. The forest had a higher percentage of avaliable P (resin-Pi, NaHCO3-Pi,-Po) and organic moderately labile P (NaOH-Po) compared to those of oil palm plantations in their total fractions analyzed. As for NaOH-Pi, oil palm plantation had higher amount of this fraction compared to that of forest. This means that naturally the change from forest to oil palm plantation changed the P fractions distribution due to the changes of organic carbon (C) content. The correlation test showed that almost all P fractions significantly correlated with organic C indicating that the mineralization of organic C affecting the P fractions distribution, suggested that organic C controlled the P fractions distribution in the top soil of forest and oil palm plantation
Double Spinned Lobster (Panulirus penicillatus) fishery in Wonogiri Regency, Central Java Province: sustainable management strategies
Get PDFThe purpose of this research was to analyze the issues and problems in lobster fisheries for establishing strategies to achieve sustainable lobster management. This study was conducted from November 2018 to January 2019 in coastal waters of Wonogiri Regency, Central Java Province. Data collection were made using the triangulation method. In addition, data analyses were performed using AWOT (Analythical Hierarchy Procedure and Strenght-Weakness-Opportunity-Threats) which was the combination of SWOT and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) techniques. The results showed that the problems of lobster management in Wonogiri Regency was the unreported catch and the unwillingness to release small-size- and berried-female lobsters. The best strategy for lobster management in Wonogiri Regency was shown in the 2nd quadrant (strategi Strength-Threats). Thus, the priority strategies would be the development of friendly lobster fishing gear with score a value 35.4% and the second priority is strengthening the role of collectors in controlling catches with a value of 30.5%
Studies of Soil Erosion Using Isotop (137Cs and 210Pb excess) at Ciesek Sub Watershed, Upper Ciliwung Watershed, Bogor
Get PDFMetode jatuhan radioisotop (Fallout Radio Nuclides) telah lama dimanfaatkan dan dikembangkan untuk mempelajari dan mengukur erosi tanah. Penelitian ini bertujuan menduga erosi/deposisi tanah di Sub DAS Ciesek, DAS Ciliwung Hulu menggunakan jatuhan radioisotop 137Cs dan 210Pb excess di alam. Pengambilan sampel tanah dilakukan menggunakan soil core pada empat transek penggunaan lahan yang berbeda. Sampel tanah dianalisis menggunakan Multi Channel Analyzer (MCA) untuk mendapatkan nilai inventori kedua radioisotop tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perbedaan pola distribusi erosi/deposisi antara isotop 137Cs dan 210Pb excess. Penggunaan isotop 137Cs menunjukkan proses erosi tanah terjadi pada lahan kebun campuran dan tegalan, tapi proses deposisi terjadi di lahan terbuka. Penggunaan 210Pb excess menunjukkan erosi tanah terjadi di lahan terbuka, namun deposisi terjadi di lahan kebun campuran dan tegalan. Penggunaan 210Pb excess pada penelitian ini lebih dapat diandalkan dibandingkan dengan 137Cs, dalam hal pendugaan erosi tanahFallout radio nuclides method has been being applied and developed to study and measure soil erosion for long time. This research aims to predict soil erosion/deposition in Ciesek subwatershed, Upper Ciliwung watershed using natural fallout radionuclides of 137Cs and 210Pb excess. Soil samples were taken using soil core along four transects of different land use types. Soil samples were analyzed using Multi Channel Analyzer (MCA) to obtain inventory value of the radioisotopes. The research shows different distribution pattern of soil erosion/deposition of 137Cs and 210Pb excess isotopes. Application of 137Cs isotope shows soil erosion process under home mix garden and dryland farm, but soil deposition process occurs on bareland. In the contrary, 210Pb excess indicates soil erosion on bare land while soil deposition is under home mix garden and dryland farm. Application of 210Pb excess is more reliable than 137Cs in predicting soil erosion