Jurnal Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Alam dan Lingkungan (Journal of Natural Resources and Environmental Management)
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Determinants of Green Total Factor Productivity in Indonesia: The Role of Environment in Economic Development with A Parametric Approach
Full text linkEnvironmental degradation occurs during economic development. Green Total Factor Productivity (TFP) was developed by incorporating environmental variables into traditional TFP to measure the efficiency of using technology to produce output, while balancing environmental quality. This study aims to determine the general description of economic development in Indonesia in 2015–2021, estimate economic development, and calculate Green TFP in Indonesia in 2015–2021, know the general description of Green TFP, and the variables that are thought to influence Green TFP in Indonesia in 2015–2021. 2021 and analyzed the variables influencing Green TFP in Indonesia in 2015–2021. The estimation results of the economic growth model showed a trade-off between economic growth and environmental quality in Indonesia. The Green TFP results for provinces in Indonesia are obtained using the Cobb-Douglas production function and panel data regression. The value of Green TFP in Indonesia is stagnant, at approximately 0.002. The analysis of variablesaffecting Green TFP using panel data regression shows that HDI, government spending on education, electricity consumption, industry share, capital structure, and trade openness have significant effects on Green TFP
The Display Behavior of Sub-Adult Greater Bird-of-Paradise (Paradisaea apoda): A Learning Process from an Adult?
Full text linkThe Greater Bird-of-Paradise (Paradisaea apoda) is a bird that performs a courtship display (lekking) to attract females during the mating season. The objective of this study was to examine the display behavior of adult and sub-adult males on lek trees as a learning process by a sub-adult and identify the lek trees. The research was conducted in the Tunas Timber Lestari Ltd. Production Forest in central mainland Papua, in a non-breeding season. After a lek tree was found, a video recording was conducted. Analysis was performed from the video. The lek tree was an emergent species with a dense canopy. An adult male was observed to perform a dance display in front of sub-adult males, even in the absence of females. When adult males performed display, the sub-adult were observed the adult males in an upside-down position. The sub-adult also danced, but not as complete as the adult, suggesting that there was a learning process by the sub-adult. This study revealed that the sub-adult/young males of the bird-of-paradise has the ability to dance inherit from their fathers, and then perfect the dance through practice and watching adults. The lek tree surely need to be protected for the survival for this species.Burung cenderawasih kuning-besar (Paradisaea apoda) adalah burung yang melakukan tarian (lekking) untuk menarik perhatian betina selama musim kawin. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengamati perilaku menari burung jantan dewasa dan jantan remaja di pohon lek sebagai proses pembelajaran oleh cendrawasih remaja, dan mengidentifikasi pohon lek tersebut. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Hutan Produksi PT Tunas Timber Lestari di daratan tengah Papua, diluar musim kawin. Setelah ditemukan pohon lek dan aktivitas lek, perekaman video dilakukan. Analisis dilakukan dari video tersebut. Pohon lek yang teramati adalah merupakan pohon emergen dengan kanopi rapat. Cendrawasih jantan dewasa terlihat melakukan tarian di depan jantan remaja, bahkan tidak ada betina. Ketika burung jantan dewasa melakukan tampilan, burung jantan remaja terlihat mengamati burung jantan dewasa dalam posisi terbalik. Burung jantan remaja juga menari, tetapi gerakannya tidak selengkap burung jantan dewasa, hal tersebut menunjukkan adanya proses pembelajaran oleh burung jantan remaja. Studi ini mengungkapkan bahwa burung jantan remaja dan anakan memiliki kemampuan menari yang diwarisi dari ayah mereka, dan kemudian menyempurnakan tarian melalui latihan dan mengamati dari burung dewasa. Pohon lek ini tentu perlu dilindungi untuk kelangsungan hidup spesies ini
Stakeholders Mapping Based on Risk of Public Private Partnership (PPP) NonRegional Water Supply Provision in Indonesia
Full text linkClean water is a necessity for human life that is obligated to be fulfilled. Quantity and the quality of groundwater are decreasing; thus, water provision through pipelines using the PPP scheme became a flagship option to provide water services, especially in Municipalities. PPP became an option to accelerate clean water provision for non-regional water supply. Water as a necessity has very detailed regulations and complex risks and involves many stakeholders. PPP, risk management, and stakeholders have tight linkages conceptually and through framework. This research aims to map the necessary stakeholders involved in non-regional water supply provision with a risk-based approach to mitigate the risks arising from them. The methodology used in this research is a mixed method using risk identification analysis and stakeholder mapping and identification. The result shows that there are 10 stakeholders in the non-regional PPP water projects, which are split into 3 categories those are key stakeholders, supporting stakeholders, and participating stakeholders. Each stakeholder has the potential to trigger risk in a non-regional PPP water project that sums up to 10 risks. Through this authoritative approach and the relevant support, stakeholders can mitigate the risks that exist in non-regional PPP water projects.Air bersih merupakan kebutuhan hidup manusia yang sangat mendasar dan wajib dipenuhi. Kualitas dan kuantitas air tanah yang semakin berkurang membuat penyediaan air bersih melalui air perpipaan melalui skema SPAM menjadi andalan untuk penyediaan air bersih, khususnya di Kabupaten/Kota. Skema Kerjasama Pemerintah dengan Badan Usaha (KPBU), menjadi salah satu opsi untuk melakukan akselerasi penyediaan air bersih dalam bentuk KPBU Sistem Penyediaan Air Minum (SPAM) non regional. Air sebagai kebutuhan dasar masyarakat memiliki pengaturan yang cukup detail, risiko yang kompleks dan melibatkan banyak pemangku kepentingan. KPBU, manajemen risiko dan pemangku kebijakan memiliki keterkaitan erat secara konsep dan framework. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memetakan pemangku kepentingan yang terlibat di dalam KPBU SPAM non regional dengan berbasis risiko sehingga mampu memitigasi risiko yang bersumber dari pemangku kepentingan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah mix method dengan menggunakan analisis identifikasi risiko, identifikasi dan pemetaan pemangku kepentingan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa terdapat 10 pemangku kepentingan di KPBU SPAM non regional, yang terbagi dalam 3 kategori pemangku kepentingan, yaitu pemangku kepentingan kunci, pendukung dan pengikut. Setiap pemangku kepentingan berpotensi untuk men-triger risiko yang ada di KPBU SPAM non regional yang berjumlah 10 risiko. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan kewenangan dan dukungan yang diberikan, pemangku kepentingan mampu memitigasi risiko yang ada di KPBU SPAM non regional
Performance Comparison of Waste Management Approach in West Java through Masaro and Waste-to-Energy (WtE) Power Plant Technologies
Full text linkWaste is often considered as something useless and valueless. However, as the world enters a new industrial era, there is a growing awareness that waste has a high economic value. With proper processing, the waste can be recycled and even used as a feedstock for power generators. With a waste production reaching 24,000 tons per day in West Java, waste becomes a sustainable raw material. There are several methods for processing waste, such as Zero Waste Management Technology (Masaro) and Waste-to-Energy Power Plant (WtE). This study aims to compare the performance of Masaro and WtE technologies from their potential and economic impact. Both methods certainly have their advantages and disadvantages in terms of waste reduction capacities, products obtained, and financial benefits. This study reveals that Masaro technology can reduce 100% waste, whereas WtE can only reduce up to 70–97%. Subsequently, Masaro technology offers more diverse products rather than WtE (6 products vs. 3 products). Moreover, the gross profit margin (GPM) shows that Masaro can reach 99.27% while WtE is still in the range of 12.23–25.30%. It can be concluded that Masaro has quite higher potential and economic benefits compared to WtE. 
Analysis of the Carrying Capacity of Groundwater Availability and its Relation to Population Growth in Settlements of Colomadu District, Karanganyar Regency
No full textColomadu District is an area on the outskirts of or around a city that is experiencing rapid development due to the local population’s interest in moving, causing an increase in population. The aim is to determine the projected use of groundwater in Colomadu District, Karanganyar Regency, to determine the use of groundwater needs in each village in Colomadu District, Karanganyar Regency in 2021, and to determine when the balance between supply (availability) and demand of groundwater in Colomadu District will be exceeded or in deficit. The research method used was data collection in the form of sampling, measuring water quality, and interviews. Sampling was carried out by collecting water from the residents\u27 wells and taking as many as two samples per village, which represented the water quality in each village. The samples were collected by first drawing water from the well, then the prepared sample bottles were rinsed three times using sample water (well water), and the rinsed bottles were then filled with sample water. The projection of groundwater use in Colomadu District in 2025 is 3,345,311.68 m3 year-1; in 2030 is 3,716,727.52 m3 year-1; in 2035 is 4,129,380.08 m3 year-1; and in 2040 is 4,587,847.71 m3 year-1. Projections are made until demand exceeds supply, namely, in 2085, when demand can reach 11,833,854.16 m3 year-1 with a population of 272,244 people.Colomadu District is an area on the outskirts of or around a city that is experiencing rapid development due to the local population’s interest in moving, causing an increase in population. The aim is to determine the projected use of groundwater in Colomadu District, Karanganyar Regency, to determine the use of groundwater needs in each village in Colomadu District, Karanganyar Regency in 2021, and to determine when the balance between supply (availability) and demand of groundwater in Colomadu District will be exceeded or in deficit. The research method used was data collection in the form of sampling, measuring water quality, and interviews. Sampling was carried out by collecting water from the residents\u27 wells and taking as many as two samples per village, which represented the water quality in each village. The samples were collected by first drawing water from the well, then the prepared sample bottles were rinsed three times using sample water (well water), and the rinsed bottles were then filled with sample water. The projection of groundwater use in Colomadu District in 2025 is 3,345,311.68 m3 year-1; in 2030 is 3,716,727.52 m3 year-1; in 2035 is 4,129,380.08 m3 year-1; and in 2040 is 4,587,847.71 m3 year-1. Projections are made until demand exceeds supply, namely, in 2085, when demand can reach 11,833,854.16 m3 year-1 with a population of 272,244 people
Landslides Hazard Assessment Using Soil Physics Approaches as a Determinant Factor on Agricultural Land in Hilly Area
Full text linkLandslides are natural disasters that most often occur in hilly areas, one of which is in the Manyaran District, and are caused by land use, slope, and rainfall. This study aimed to assess the level of landslides on several slopes and determine the soil characteristics that most determine the level of landslide vulnerability to formulate an appropriate strategy for hilly land management. The sampling points used land map units (LMU) overlaid on thematic maps (land use, soil type, and slope), and were divided into 22 LMUs with three repeats for each LMU. The landslide level was calculated using a cumulative weight score. It was grouped based on the interval formula and modifications to the addition of permeability and soil texture parameters, while the determinants were analyzed using ANOVA and Pearson’s correlation. The results showed that the area was not very low (133.2 ha), low (1,015.33 ha), moderate (1,205.46 ha), high (3,248.48 ha), or very high(734.1 ha). The highest landslide hazard was on steep land (25–45%), and the determining factors were permeability and texture. The steeper the slope and the higher the permeability and soil texture values, the higher the landslide. The recommended landslide mitigation strategies are terracing and minimum tillage on agricultural land. Research on the level of landslides and information on determinant soil characteristics helps stakeholders formulate policies and manage agricultural land on hilly agricultural land. 
Analyzing Farmers’ Engagement with Sustainable Agricultural Policies: Insights from Indonesia’s LP2B Initiatives
Full text linkSektor pertanian Indonesia sangat penting bagi perekonomiannya, namun alih fungsi lahan pertanian menjadi nonpertanian semakin meningkat karena pertumbuhan ekonomi dan demografis. Oleh karena itu, pemerintah berupaya menekan alih fungsi lahan pertanian dengan menerbitkan Undang-Undang Nomor 41 Tahun 2009 tentang Perlindungan Lahan Pertanian Pangan Berkelanjutan (PLP2B). Kabupaten Sukabumi, salah satu wilayah di Jawa Barat, secara proaktif menanggapi upaya nasional tersebut dengan menerbitkan Peraturan Daerah Nomor 08 Tahun 2014, yang secara khusus dirancang untuk menangani masalah Lahan Pertanian Pangan Lestari (LP2B) di wilayahnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis respon petani terhadap penerapan LP2B di tujuh desa di Kabupaten Sukabumi. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan mewawancarai 36 petani yang dibagi menjadi enam klaster berdasarkan sebaran lokasi LP2B kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar petani di dataran rendah dan dekat pemukiman padat penduduk didominasi oleh petani penggarap yang tidak memahami LP2B. Sebaliknya, petani di daerah pegunungan dan jauh dari pemukiman padat lebih banyak yang memahami kebijakan LP2B. Perbedaan pengetahuan petani dipengaruhi oleh kondisi fisiografis dan keberadaan kelompok tani di masing-masing lokasi. Untuk rekomendasi lebih lanjut, diperlukan sosialisasi kebijakan secara merata dan penguatan kelompok tani.The agricultural sector in Indonesia is experiencing a growing trend of converting land for nonagricultural purposes owing to economic and demographic growth. The government implemented Law No. 41 of 2009, which specifically addresses Perlindungan Lahan Pertanian Pangan Berkelanjutan (PLP2B). Sukabumi Regency in West Java proactively addressed the issue by implementing Regional Regulation Number 08 of 2014, specifically designed to manage Lahan Pertanian Pangan Berkelanjutan (LP2B). This study aims to analyze farmers\u27 responses to the implementation of LP2B in seven villages in the Sukabumi Regency. Information was collected through interviews with the 36 farmers. These farmers were divided into six clusters based on the distribution of LP2B. The cluster assignment was chosen based on the close physical proximity of the places. Farmers were selected randomly in rice field locations during the researcher’s field visits to the LP2B site. Subsequently, the data were subjected to descriptive analyses. The findings indicate that farmers residing in lowland regions near densely populated areas frequently engage in sharecropping arrangements and have a poor comprehension of LP2B. Conversely, farmers residing in distant highland areas exhibited a superior understanding. The specific physiographic characteristics of the area and the existence of farmer groups shaped the variation in knowledge. To improve future implementation, policymakers should ensure uniform distribution of policies throughout all regions and strengthen farmer groups. This strategic approach not only promotes awareness, but also fosters sustainable agricultural practices, ensuring the effectiveness of LP2B in preserving Indonesia\u27s agricultural landscape
Marine Debris Pollution and Its Impact on the Mangrove Ecosystem (Case Study: Karimunjawa Island and Kemujan Island, Indonesia)
Full text linkCoastal areas possess a diverse potential wealth of natural resources that can be developed and utilized by humans, such as fisheries, marine tourism, and transportation. One form of disruption to the balance of coastal and marine ecosystems is the pollution caused by waste. The Karimunjawa Islands face serious challenges related to waste pollution. Therefore, an identification of carried out regarding the composition of polluting waste as well as impacts or disruptions caused by marine waste pollution on the mangrove ecosystem in the coastal areas of Karimunjawa Island and Kemujan Island. Various types of waste were found at the research site, including plastic, metal, glass, rubber, organic, and others. Based on the enteri locations of Karimunjawa Island and Kemujan Island, 370 items of plastic waste and macro-debris amounted to 442, predominantly on Lumbung Beach. The dominant mangrove is Rhizophora sp., which has muddy sandy substrate. From the results of this study, it can be concluded that this waste situation makes the coastal areas of Karimunjawa Island and Kemujan Island vulnerable to environmental pollution problems. The impact on the environment is a decrease in benthic biota density owing to the abundance of waste. The higher the density of waste, the lower the density of benthic species found in the mangrove ecosystemenvironment
The Habitat Suitability Modelling of Rhinoceros Hornbills (Buceros rhinoceros) in Java Island, Indonesia
Full text linkRhinoceros hornbills (Buceros rhinoceros) are a bird species belonging to the Bucerotidae family, which is vulnerable based on the IUCN red list of species. This is due to habitat fragmentation, which reduced the Rhinoceros hornbill habitat on Java. Efforts and strategies are needed to maintain Rhinoceros hornbill habitats. Information on the suitability of the Rhinoceros hornbill habitat on Java Island is required to develop a Rhinoceros hornbill conservation strategy. This study aimed to determine a habitat suitability model that produces the highest accuracy, analyze hornbill habitat suitability, and identify environmental variables that affect the existence of rhinoceros hornbills. Habitat suitability models were processed using three algorithms: random forest, support vector regression, and MaxEnt. The data used to model habitat suitability were presence and environmental variables. The model was evaluated using various accuracy measures, namely overall accuracy, sensitivity (sn), specificity (sp), Area Under Curve (AUC), and kappa coefficient. The resultsof model processing showed that the random forest algorithm produced the highest average accuracy of 0.74. The most important environmental variables for the habitat suitability model were the distance from the road (16.62%), distance from the forest (12.73%), and land cover (12.47%). The habitat suitability model was divided into three classes: low suitability, covering 75,048 km2 (55.94%); medium suitability, covering 52,911 km2 (39.44%); and high suitability, covering 6,213 km2 (4.63%). The results of the habitat suitability model showed that the habitat suitability class was the smallest in the area
Analysis of the Pollution Load Capacity of Batang Merao Watershed in Jambi Province : Analysis of the Pollution Load Capacity of Batang Merao Watershed in Jambi Province
No full textDaerah Aliran Sungai (DAS) Batang Merao mengalami penurunan kualitas air akibat aktivitas manusia yang memanfaatkan dan membuang limbah. Jika dibiarkan akan menyebabkan pencemaran sungai yang terus meningkat, sehingga perlu dilakukan analisis untuk mengetahui Daya Tampung Beban Pencemaran (DTBP) DAS Batang Merao sebagai langkah antisipasi pencemaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghitung DTBP DAS Batang Merao, serta kapasitas beban pencemaran saat ini dan lima tahun mendatang menggunakan model kualitas air QUAL2Kw berdasarkan Peraturan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup nomor 01 Tahun 2010 . Hasil kalibrasi model menggunakan Nash Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE) untuk parameter TSS, BOD dan COD adalah 0.766, 0.574, dan 0.633 yang berarti pemodelan kualitas air dapat digunakan untuk memprediksi beban pencemaran sungai. Hasil pemodelan menunjukkan untuk DAS Batang Merao memiliki DTBP parameter TSS, BOD dan COD sebesar 95,057 Kg/hari, 5,739 Kg/hari dan 46,774 Kg/hari, sedangkan beban pencemaran kondisi saat ini sebesar 147,962 Kg/hari, 10,086 Kg/hari dan 60,369 Kg/hari. Pada estimasi kondisi lima tahun mendatang yaitu tahun 2028 beban pencemaran parameter TSS, BOD dan COD sebesar 163,023 Kg/hari, 11,432 Kg/hari dan 69,211 Kg/hari.The Batang Merao Watershed, has been experiencing a decline in water quality due to human activities involving waste utilization and disposal. Therefore, an analysis is necessary to determine the Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDLs). This study aims to calculate the TMDL of the Batang Merao Watershed and the current as well as the five-year future pollution load capacity using the QUAL2Kw water quality model based on the regulations outlined in the Minister of Environment and Forestry\u27s Regulation No. 01 of 2010. The calibration results of the model using the Nash Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE) for TSS, BOD5, and COD parameters were 0.766, 0.574, and 0.633, respectively, indicating that water quality modeling can be used to predict river pollution loads. The modeling results indicate that the Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDLs) for the Batang Merao Watershed are 95,057 kg day-1 for TSS parameters, 5,739 kg day-1 for BOD5 parameters, and 46,774 kg day-1 for COD parameter. Meanwhile, the current pollution loads are 147,962 kg day-1 for TSS, 10,086 kg day-1 for BOD5, and 60,369 kg day-1 for COD. In the estimated condition, in the year 2028, the pollution loads will amount to 163,023 kg day-1 for TSS parameters, 11,432 kg day-1 for BOD5 parameter, and 69,211 kg day-1 for COD parameter