Jurnal Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Alam dan Lingkungan (Journal of Natural Resources and Environmental Management)
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Comparisons of Growth, Yield, and Meteorological Properties of Rice Canopy under Double-Row (Jajar Legowo and Jejer Manten) and Tile Transplanting Systems
Full text linkOver the past decade, the Indonesian government has been recommending double-row transplanting systems, i.e., Jajar Legowo (JL) and Jejer Manten (JM), to increase rice production. These systems have been reported to obtain higher yield of Indica rice cultivars than the standard tile (TL) system, primarily due to the border effect. However, scientific investigations of the border effect in these transplanting systems remain limited. This study was conducted during the summer seasons in Japan in 2022 and 2023 to observe the plant growth and yield of a Japonica rice cultivar, Nikomaru, and to investigate differences in meteorological properties, such as intercepted solar radiation (SRint). The study found that higher plant competition for light in JM and JL caused a lower tiller number and above-ground biomass (Wt) per hill than in TL. However, due to denser planting, JM and JL obtained higher tiller numbers, Wt, and sink capacity per unit area than TL. Additionally, the denser canopy in JM and JL compared to TL increased SRint by the whole canopy, even though the space between the double rows was wider. Although SRint was not significantly different amongthe systems, higher normalized difference vegetation index in JM and JL was strongly correlated with a higher sink filling rate due to the healthier canopy absorbing more solar radiation. The synergistic effect of higher sink capacity and sink filling rate led to higher yields in JM and JL than in TL. This study suggests that JM is the best transplanting system for increasing rice yield. 
Estimating the Water Balance of Irrigated Rice Fields in Dry Season Makurdi, Nigeria
Full text linkThe water balance (WB) of three irrigated and isolated rice fields (1, 2, and 3) was examined during the dry season of rice cultivation in Makurdi from April 5 to May 6, 2023. Rice is mostly cultivated in the wet season, while dry season rice cultivation is limited by high irrigation costs, funding, and technical knowledge amidst vast water resources around the floodplains. Limited or no research estimates the water balance of a rice field in dry season Makurdi. WB took account of water inputs, outputs, and changes in soil water content (ΔW) in each water balance period. In Field 1, the WB showed a negative ΔW (–42.94 mm), which suggests that adequate water inputs are required to balance the water lost (outputs). The WB showed a positive ΔW of (89.36 mm and 464.75 mm) in Fields 2 and 3, suggesting that the water inputs be minimized to avoid wastage. The total irrigation in Fields 1, 2, and 3 was 499.28 mm, 1,186.95 mm, and 1,400.27 mm, respectively. The irrigation efficiency in Fields 1, 2, and 3 was 39.8%, 29.9%, and 20.9% respectively. The result indicates that Field 1’s rice cultivation can be improved by providing adequate irrigation and enhancing the soil water retention capacity, while proper irrigation scheduling can improve Fields 2 and 3 rice productivity
The Vulnerability Assessment of Flash Floods Disaster in the Upper Cisadane Watershed
No full textBanjir bandang merupakan bencana banjir yang dapat menyebabkan kerugian baik fisik maupun non fisik dan dapat dipicu oleh kejadian tanah longsor yang terjadi di daerah aliran sungai. Terdapat empat belas kecamatan di Kabupaten Bogor yang memiliki potensi bencana banjir bandang yang termasuk ke dalam wilayah DAS Cisadane Hulu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat kerentanan sosial, ekonomi, fisik dan lingkungan dari masyarakat yang ada di daerah DAS Cisadane bagian Hulu yang disajikan secara spasial berupa peta berdasarkan modifikasi dari PERKA BNPB No. 12 Tahun 2012. Berdasarkan perhitungan indeks kerentanan, DAS Cisadane Hulu memiliki dua kelas indeks kerentanan bencana banjir bandang, yaitu Tinggi dan Sangat Tinggi. Kecamatan yang memiliki kelas indeks kerentanan Tinggi antara lain Kecamatan Nanggung, Pamijahan, Bogor Barat, Bogor Selatan, Bogor Tengah, Bogor Timur, Cibungbulang, Cigudeg, Leuwisadeng, dan Sukajaya. Sedangkan kecamatan dengan kelas indeks kerentanan Sangat Tinggi antara lain Kecamatan Caringin, Ciampea, Ciawi, Cigombong, Cijeruk, Ciomas, Dramaga, Kemang, Leuwiliang, Megamendung, Rancabungur, Rumpin, Tamansari, dan Tenjolaya .Flash floods is a sudden flood disaster that can be triggered by several factors, one of which is the landslides that occur in river basins. In Bogor Regency, there are fourteen sub-districts located in the Upper Cisadane watershed area that are prone to flash flood disaster. This study aims to determine social, economic, physical and environmental vulnerability assessment of the community in the Upper Cisadane watershed area based on the modification assessment from PERKA BNPB No. 12 Tahun 2012. According to the vulnerability index, the Upper Cisadane watershed has high and very high classes of flash floods vulnerability. Sub-districts with high vulnerability index class are Nanggung, Pamijahan, West Bogor, South Bogor, Central Bogor, East Bogor, Cibungbulang, Cigudeg, Leuwisadeng, and Sukajaya, meanwhile, sub-districts with very high vulnerability index are Caringin, Ciampea, Ciawi, Cigombong, Cijeruk, Ciomas, Dramaga, Kemang, Leuwiliang, Megamendung, Rancabungur, Rumpin, Tamansari, and Tenjolaya
Entrepreneurship Capital and Performance of Social Forestry Entrepreneurship Group
Full text linkUsaha kehutanan masyarakat dalam konteks pengelolaan hutan oleh masyarakat yang terus berkembang penting untuk dijelaskan sebagai usaha sosial yang dapat meningkatkan sumber penghidupan dan manfaat lingkungan. Penelitian ini mengadaptasi konsep modal kelompok Flora untuk menjelaskan tingkat modal wirausaha dan pengaruhnya terhadap kinerja Kelompok Usaha Perhutanan Sosial (KUPS) melalui pendekatan kuantitatif dengan pengumpulan data Focus Group Discusion, wawancara, oberservasi dan studi pustaka. Analisis data yang digunakan dengan metode skoring, pengkategorian dan analisis regresi berganda. Hasil penelitian ini mengungkapkan tingkat modal wirausaha pada KUPS pada kategori rendah hingga sangat tinggi, berbanding lurus secara simultan mempengaruhi kinerja. Modal alam, keuangan dan politik memberikan pengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja sosial ekonomi dan lingkungan, modal politik berperan dalam meningkatkan modal sosial, fisik, dan manusia. KUPS berbasis komoditi sumberdaya hutan sebagai sumber penghidupan perlu mendapatkan perhatian diantaranya peningkatan modal manusia berupa keterampilan secara intensif dapat melalui proses pendampingan oleh petugas dan kemudahan untuk mengakses sumber dana.It is important to explain community forestry entrepreneurship in the context of community forest management, which continues to develop as social entrepreneurship that can increase sources of livelihood and environmental benefits. This study adapted the concept of community capital to explain the level of entrepreneurial capital and its influence on the performance of the Social Forestry Entrepreneurial Group (SFEG) through a quantitative approach by collecting data from Focus Group Discussions (FGD), interviews, observations, and literature studies. Data analysis was used with scoring, categorizing, and multiple regression analysis. The results of this study reveal the level of entrepreneurial capital in SFEG in the low to very high category is directly proportional to the simultaneous effect on performance. Natural capital, finance capital, and political capital significantly influence socioeconomic and environmental performance; political capital increases social capital, physical capital, and human capital. SFEG based on forest resource commodities as a source of livelihood needs to get attention, including increasing human capital in the form of intensive skills through a mentoring process by officers and easy access to funding sources throughgovernment policies. 
Effect of Eco-enzyme on Water Quality Parameters in Some Rivers Disembogued at Ambon Bay
Full text linkSemakin bertambahnya jumlah penduduk di Kota Ambon, semakin banyak volume sampah organik di sungai yang bermuara ke Teluk Ambon yang berdampak bagi ekosistem laut. Di sisi lain, pengolahan sampah organik dalam bentuk eco-enzyme telah banyak diterapkan dan memiliki banyak manfaat, misalnya sebagai cairan pembersih. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh konsentrasi eco-enzyme terhadap parameter kualitas air meliputi pH, amonia, deterjen, coliform, nitrat, fosfat, BOD, COD dan DO pa beberapa sungai yang bermuara di Teluk Ambon. Penelitian dilakukan pada Mei hingga November 2022. Sampel air diperoleh dari empat sungai yang mengalir ke Teluk Ambon. Produksi eco-enzyme dilakukan di Laboratorium Ilmu Kelautan Universitas Pattimura selama tiga bulan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode observasi dan eksperimen. Data yang diperoleh setelah perlakuan (sampel sebelum dan sesudah diberikan perlakuan eco-enzyme 10% dan 20%) kemudian akan dibandingkan dengan Baku Muru Air Sungai Kelas 2. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa eco-enzyme dapat menetralkan nilai pH. Konsentrasi DO, amonia, deterjen dan coliform mengalami penurunan setelah ditambahkan eco-enzyme sebesar 10% dan 20%. Sebaliknya, penambahan eco-enzyme pada air sungai dapat meningkatkan konsentrasi nitra, fosfat, BOD dan COD. Due to the increasing population in Ambon City, the high volume of organic waste in rivers that empties into Ambon Bay can impact the marine ecosystem. On the other hand, processing organic waste in the form of eco-enzymes has been widely applied and has benefits, for instance, as a cleaning liquid. This study aimed to analyze the effect of eco-enzyme concentrations on water quality parameters, such as pH, ammonia, detergent, coliform, nitrate, phosphate, BOD, COD, and DO in several rivers flowing into Ambon Bay. The research was conducted from May to November 2022. Water samples were collected from four rivers that flow into Ambon Bay. Production of ecoenzyme was carried out at the Marine Science Laboratory at Pattimura University for three months. Eco-enzyme derived from banana peels obtained from tourist areas on Ambon Island. The research applied the method of observation and experiment. The data of each parameter obtained from the treatments (sample before and after treatment using 10% and 20% of eco-enzyme) were then compared with Second-Class of River Water Quality Standards. The results showed that eco-enzyme could neutralize the pH value. The DO, ammonia, detergent and coliform concentration decreased after adding 10% and 20% of the eco-enzyme. By contrast, adding eco-enzyme to the river watercan increase the concentration of nitrate, phosphate, BOD, and COD
Analysis of The Potential and Carrying Capacity of Lusi Sidoarjo Island as An Education and Conservation-Based Ecotourism
No full textEkosistem mangrove Pulau Lusi Sidoarjo memiliki keunikan dan keindahan yang berpotensi besar untuk dikembangkan sebagai ekowisata berbasis edukasi dan konservasi. Langkah utama yang dapat dilakukan dalam upaya pengembangan ekowisata mangrove adalah identifikasi kondisi dan potensi kawasan melalui analisis daya dukung. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis potensi dan daya dukung ekosistem mangrove di Pulau Lusi sebagai ekowisata berbasis edukasi dan konservasi yang dilaksanakan ada pada Bulan Juni-Juli 2022. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif deskriptif dengan pengumpulan data melalui observasi dan survey lapangan. Penentuan daya dukung kawsan dilakukan dengan perhitungan daya dukung kawasan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai daya dukung kawasan sebesar 360 pengunjung/hari dengan potensi flora dan fauna yang sangat beragam serta kandungan logam dan mineral yang sangat melimpah. Berdasarkan hasil analisis dapat diinterpretasikan bahwa Pulau Lusi Sidoarjo memiliki otensi yang besar untuk dikembangkan sebagai ekowisata berbasis edukasi dan konservasi.The mangrove ecosystem of Lusi Sidoarjo Island has uniqueness and beauty with great potential to be developed as an education and conservation-based tourism. The main step that can be taken in efforts to develop mangrove tourism is identifying regional conditions and potentials through carrying capacity analysis. Carrying capacity analysis is needed to anticipate excess visitors who can potentially cause damage to the tourism environment. This study carried out in June – July 2022, aimed to analyze the potential and carrying capacity of mangrove ecosystems on Lusi Island as an education and conservation-based tourism. The method used in this study is descriptive quantitative by collecting data through observation, interviews, and field surveys. The calculation was made to determine the carrying capacity of the area. The results showed that the area\u27s carrying capacity was 360 visitors/day with a diverse potential for mangroves, flora, fauna, and abundant content of metals and minerals based on XRD and XRF analysis, and literature studies. Based on the results of the analysis, it can be interpreted that Lusi Sidoarjo Island has a great amount of potential to be developed as an education and conservation-based tourism
Flood Hazard Mitigation at Tarusan Watershed, South Pesisir District, West Sumatera Province
Full text linkFloods are the most common natural disasters in Indonesia and have enormous potential. This study aims to determine the flood hazard zone and regional arrangement in the Tarusan Watershed, South Pesisir Regency. To determine the flood hazard zone using the GIS approach. The indicators used to determine flood hazard are slope, rainfall, soil type, landform, geology, and land use. Determine the direction of regional arrangement with an Interpretative Structural Modeling (ISM) approach. The results showed that the high flood hazard zone in the Tarusan watershed is about 22% of the total area, the medium index is around 58%, and the low flood hazard index is 20%. The high - hazard zone of flood disasters in the study area is caused by high rainfall and topographic conditions of the Tarusan Watershed. The main priority in the management of flood - hazard areas in the Tarusan Watershed is to find economic alternatives to reduce forest destruction. Increasing the economic value of the community can lead to reduced community activities in carrying out land conversion, especially in forest areas
Economic Valuation on the Development Plan of the Flower Garden Area using Contingent Valuation Method
Full text linkNon-market value plays a crucial role in the economic valuation of natural resources and the environment. Therefore, this study aimed to estimate the non-market value derived from the development plan of a flower garden area in the Blora Regency. This valuation included individual and aggregate willingness to pay (WTP) and the factors influencing WTP. This study used the Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) as the research approach, with logistic regression as technical analysis. A total of 250 questionnaires were completed by residents of Blora, resulting in a mean value of individual non-market WTP of IDR 10,605 as an entry fee and an aggregate value of IDR 97,567,748/year. The results show that the higher the bid, the lower the probability of paying. Another interesting outcome was that people with an income of over five million and living close tothe garden development plan area had a greater probability of paying than others. These findings provide an overview of the Blora government’s efforts to improve access to areas and facilities within gardens to attract people outside of the characteristics that significantly affect WTP. 
The Utilization Contestation of Indonesian Inland Waters (Case: Lebak Lebung dan Sungai (L3S) Auction in Ogan Komering Ilir District, South Sumatera)
Full text linkSome of the Lebak Lebung and river public water areas in South Sumatra are governed by an auction system that has been carried out for a long time by the local community based on clans, namely "Lelang Lebak Lebung dan Sungai" (L3S). After 1982, the authorities implemented an auction system that transferred the implementation of the auction system to the management regime of the district government to apply regional autonomy. This transition provided governance changes, especially for the increasingly complex actors involved and competing in the L3S battle arena. This article aimed to analyze actor battles in the L3S arena by analyzing specifics about the regime transition change before and after the management of L3S applied, the institutionalization of patronage that was formed, and the social conflicts that occurred. This study used a constructivist paradigm and qualitative research methods. We identified 39 informants as research subjects who were chosen deliberately and analyzed the data using three stages: data reduction, presentation, and conclusion. The study results show that changes in L3S management are dominated by changes in rules and authority holders, which encourage access domination by entrepreneurs/non-fishermen. New working relations are formed by placing local fishermen as laborers and new non-fishermen actors as buyers. As a result, conflicts have occurred between actors
Assessing Urban Flooding and Drainage System Performance in Urban Area: A Mononobe Equation and Manning Formula Approach
Full text linkClimate change causes erratic rainfall and often results in flooding of urban areas. Floods are hydrometeorological disasters that occur in various regions of Indonesia. Flood vulnerability in urban areas has increased over the past 30 years. Kauman Village is included in the Asri water catchment area, which has an Asri primary channel downstream of the urban area of Nganjuk District. However, from 2019 to 2022, the urban area of Nganjuk District, including Kauman Village, was affected by flooding. Urban floods inundated office areas, schools, housing, and public facilities such as the Nganjuk District General Hospital. The factor indicated as the cause of flooding is the clogging of the drainage channel with rubbish. Therefore, field research and mathematical calculations were conducted to evaluate the discharge capacity of drainage channels in the village. Based on the research, it was found that the existing drainage channel discharge in the research area could not accommodate the planned discharge for the 10-year return period. In addition, there are 33 channels that are unable to accommodate the planned discharge because the channeldimensions are too small, some channels are slightly damaged, sedimentation occurs, and they are blocked by rubbish. Drainage channels that do not function optimally affect urban flooding. Therefore, several efforts have been made to reduce the risk of flooding by changing the dimensions of drainage channels, normalizing drainage channels, and getting used to maintain drainage channels and not throwing rubbish in drainage channels.