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Measuring The Gig Economy in Indonesia: Typology, Characteristics, and Distribution
Get PDFAbstract. Work in the gig economy is defined as short-term and task-based jobs mediated by digital platforms. In Indonesia, the emergence of an online motorcycle taxi driver platform in 2015 marked the discourse about the gig economy as the future alternative of jobs on the one hand, and as a new form of exploitation of labor on the other hand. This study is the first to define the typology of the gig economy and identify the platforms of the gig economy service providers in Indonesia. Furthermore, this study estimates the number of gig economy workers by using micro data from the National Labor Force Survey (Sakernas) released by the Central Statistics Agency. It was found that 0.3 to 1.7% of Indonesian workers participated in the gig economy as their primary job. This study also compares the characteristics of gig workers in the transportation sector and in the other service sectors with the overall demographics of the workforce. It was found that gig workers shared more characteristics with the formal workers than with the informal workers. Finally, this study maps the distribution of gig workers throughout Indonesia at the city/district level. It can be concluded that the gig economy is an urban phenomenon. Most gig workers in the transportation sector are concentrated in the provincial capital and in Metropolitan Jakarta. Meanwhile, gig workers in other service sectors are distributed more in tier 2 cities in Java.Keywords: Gig economy, gig worker, digital worker, labor economics, jobs Abstrak. Pekerjaan di dalam ekonomi gig didefinisikan sebagai pekerjaan berbasis tugas jangka pendek yang dimediasi oleh platform digital. Di Indonesia, kehadiran platform pengemudi ojek online di tahun 2015 menandai ramainya wacana mengenai ekonomi gig sebagai kesempatan pekerjaan di masa depan di satu sisi dan juga sebagai bentuk baru eksploitasi pekerja di sisi lain. Studi ini merupakan yang pertama mendefinisikan tipologi ekonomi gig dan memetakan platform penyedia layanan ekonomi gig di Indonesia. Lebih lanjut studi ini juga mengestimasi ukuran pekerja ekonomi gig menggunakan data mikro survei angkatan kerja nasional (Sakernas) yang dirilis oleh Badan Pusat Statistik. Didapatkan bahwa terdapat 0,3 hingga 1,7% dari angkatan kerja Indonesia yang menjadikan ekonomi gig sebagai pekerjaan utamanya. Kemudian, studi ini membandingkan karakteristik pekerja gig di sektor transportasi dan di sektor jasa lainnya dengan demografi pekerja keseluruhan. Didapatkan bahwa pekerja gig memiliki karakteristik lebih mirip dengan pekerja formal daripada pekerja informal. Terakhir, studi ini memetakan sebaran pekerja gig di seluruh Indonesia hingga ke tingkat Kota/Kabupaten. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa ekonomi gig merupakan fenomena urban. Pekerja gig di sektor transportasi banyak terkonsentrasi di Ibukota provinsi dan di Metropolitan Jakarta. Sementara pekerja gig di sektor jasa lainnya lebih terdistribusi ke kota-kota tier 2 di Pulau Jawa.Kata kunci: Ekonomi gig, pekerja gig, pekerja digital, ekonomi tenaga kerja, pekerjaa
Business Plan of Laveena
No full textClothing has become a basic human need. As a country with a majority Muslim population, Muslim fashion in Indonesia is growing rapidly. Muslim fashion products are in great demand by the Indonesian population.Laveena as a clothing fashion brand in Indonesia that focused on Muslim markets certainly has a great opportunity. During its business journey since 2021, Laveena has managed to sell hundreds of products and ship to more than 500 customers to more than 20 province all over Indonesia. There are obstacles appear and lead to an impact on sales performance. To maintain business and increase sales, Laveena must develop a business strategy. On the marketing aspect, a new strategy is made based on the results of marketing research. Laveena will focus on social media marketing activities maximizing Instagram @laveena.co which has chosen more than 16K followers to influence customer purchase intentions for Laveena products. Laveena also made changes to the production plan, switching from working with a third party as a production vendor to becoming an own production system. Laveena will recruit employees to be able to carry out all business activities professionally.The business plan will use Rp52.800.000 as the initial capital, this fund is coming from Laveena investment and business activities profit in 2021. By implementing this business strategy Laveena is expected to earn Rp52.000.000/month as gross profit and Rp42.000.000/month as net profit at the end of 2022.Keywords: Laveena; Business Plan; Social Media Marketing Activitie
The Impact of Visual Promotion and Consumers` Perception of Risk Toward Consumers` Purchasing Decision in a Skin Care Store in Shopee
Get PDFIn 2020, almost 74% of Indonesian population have access and use the internet to facilitate online transactions. Online shopping has limitation of low direct interaction between products and potential consumers. This leads to the needs of online retailers to create effective strategies in order to attract consumers to choose their store over the others, including attracting them visually and creating strategies to lower perceived risks. A survey was distributed, resulting 206 responses and the results indicate that visual promotion and consumers'; perception of risk (including the impact of giving out consumer money-back guarantees, hassle-free returns, and e-WOM) are positively and significantly affecting online consumers'; purchase intention and purchase decision of Indonesian woman with age ranging from 23-65 years old, who have experiences in buying skin care products in online store in Shopee for the last 3 months. This study provides meaningful implications and recommendations for online retailers in the beauty industry to use attractive visual promotion and offer risk reduction strategies to influence customer’s purchase intention and purchase decisions as discussed in this study. Keywords: Consumer Behavior, E-Commerce, Perceived Risk, Purchase Decision, Purchase Intention, Visual Promotion
Implementing 360 Degree Feedback to Identify Development Area for Superintendents in PT Kaltim Prima Coal
Get PDFPT Kaltim Prima Coal (KPC) is a coal mining company that operates in East Kalimantan, Indonesia. To ensure that employees possess required competencies, annual competency assessments are conducted during the first 3 (three) years of occupying a position. However, after the employee completes the 3 (three) years of development, the competency reviews are not carried out. In the other hand, higher-level position employees commonly received less feedback from others. Based on the current state, the author initiates to do competency re-assessment to find areas of improvement to stimulate employee development,productivity, and performance. To get more comprehensive results, this study applies the 360-degree feedback survey that draws upon the knowledge of people within a person’s circle of influence: superiors, peers, subordinates, customers,and self-assessment. The measuring instrument applied is KPC’s competency dictionary consisting of core and managerial competencies. The bottom 3 competencies thatneed to be developed based on self-rating are Work Planning and Management, Continuous Learning, and Business Acumen, while based on rating by others are Work Planning and Management, Client Focus, and Developing Others. Overall, in all competencies, KPC’s Superintendents are rated 4-5 on a 1-6 scale. Keywords: 360 degree feedback, core competency, managerial competenc
The Effect Of Digital Customer Experience Towards Customer Buying Decision Of Digital Internet Provider
Get PDFThis research analyses the effect of digital customer experience in one of the digital internet providers in Indonesia towards the customer buying decision. Both qualitative and quantitative research was conducted, which returned 355 completed questionnaires. The digital customer experience has dimensions (interactivity, connectivity, integration, privacy and security, consistency, personalization, and internet data package variation). We found that the construct of the digital customer experience were good predictors of perceived compatibility, perceived risk, perceive ease-of-use, perceived usefulness, and perceived behavioral control. Those factors will impact the customers’ purchase intention, which lead to buying decision. The result show that all the factors except connectivity are positively affecting perception of innovation. Only perceived compatibility and perceived usefulness from the perception of innovation that leads to purchase intention and customer buying decision of digital internet provider. Keywords: Digital Customer Experience, Perceived Innovation, Purchase Intention, Buying Decision
Understanding behavioral intention to subscribe video-on-demand platform during COVID-19 pandemic: evidence from Indonesia
No full textSubscriber-based Video on Demand (SVoD) is currently growing business sector during the COVID-19 pandemic. Since the pandemic effect human mobilization, the Indonesian government strictly regulated visiting the cinema to press Covid-19 outbreak. Consequently, film providers and consumers adopt SVoD as an alternative digital platform. Nevertheless, Indonesian subscriptions are currently lagging behind other countries. In addition, a survey from Coalition Against Piracy in 2019 has discovered that 63 % of Indonesian consumers opt to access illegal streaming services instead of paying subscription fees to video streaming providers. This research empirically examines social influence, perceived risk, hedonic motivation, and utility value to influence behavioral intention to understand what factors influence paying subscriptions. The hypotheses proposed in our research model are tested on a sample of 291 Indonesian subscribers of SVoD platforms. The partial-least square modeling result shows that social influence, hedonic motivation, and utilitarian value can, directly and indirectly, influence behavioral intention. Contrary to research hypotheses, the perceived risk of adopting illegal streaming videos can only indirectly influence behavioral intention. Finally, it is noted that a combination of external and internal consumer motivation will impact subscriptions intention.
The Influence of Electronic Word-of-Mouth on Social Media Towards Purchase Intention of Luxury Perfume Brands
No full textThe number of middle and upper socioeconomic class in Indonesia continues to increase from year to year. Therefore, the luxury perfume brand industry makes Indonesia one of its priorities. As a result, Indonesia was recorded to contribute revenue to the sale of luxury goods as much as 2,035,000,000 USD in 2020, where luxury perfume brands have the highest sales figures. This high number cannot be separated from the influence of social media with the spread of information online or commonly called eWOM. Unfortunately, how eWOM on social media affects buying interest in luxury perfume brands is not fully understood. This study aims to find factors that influence consumers' purchase intentions for luxury perfume brands after seeing eWOM on social media and provide recommendations to luxury perfume brands in maximizing eWOM to be implemented in stimulating purchase intentions. The qualitative approach was conducted through interviews with 15 people and quantitative approach through a survey with a total of 300 respondents, where respondents had bought or used luxury perfume brands. The results of the interviews were analyzed using the open coding method and the survey results were analyzed using the PLS-SEM method. Based on the results of interviews, customer reviews on Instagram, TikTok, and YouTube are the most frequently used tools to find reviews about luxury perfume brands. The results of the survey show that perceived persuasion, source expertise, and source trustworthiness significantly influence consumers' purchase intentions towards luxury perfume brands after viewing eWOM on social media. The results of this study are expected to be useful for readers, eWOM senders, and luxury perfume brand industries in utilizing eWOM as a marketing strategy.Keywords: eWOM, luxury perfume brands, purchase intention, social medi
Proposed Marketing Strategy for Rapidpro 3D Workshop
No full textRapidpro 3D Workshop is one of small business who utilizes the benefit of 3D print for manufacturing prototyping. The company was established in 2017 with target market established companies who need fast and affordable prototyping. 3D print itself has a lot of opportunity where it can be applied for various industries. Rapidpro 3D Workshop not able to optimize the opportunities because of unclear target market and lack promotion as part of marketing strategy. Therefore, Rapidpro 3D Workshop need to know which target market to choose and what kind of marketing strategy they need to approach the target market. In order to analyze the current condition of Rapidpro 3D Workshop, the author use external analysis consists of PEST analysis, Porter’s Five Forces analysis, and competitor analysis. After that, resource analysis, value chain analysis, and STP (Segmenting, Targeting, and Positioning) is conducted to see the company’s internal situation. Perception, motivation, and consumer behavior are the factors that used to analyze the perspective from the customers. From the result of the analysis, it is known that the product and price have a good perception from the target market. While promotion and place are still lacking which needs to be improved. To formulate the strategy, the author use TOWS matrix as the tools. The marketing strategies for Rapidpro 3D Workshop are optimizing social media promotion, e-commerce product selling, and offline promotions.Keywords: 3D Print, Marketing Strategy, MSME, Service Company, Social Medi
PROPOSE RELATIONSHIP MARKETING STRATEGY FOR BAYARIN.CO.ID COMPANY
No full textIndonesia PPOB market growing in good term make a new player in this industry increasing year by year to take market opportunity and the government policy which aim to make 75% of Indonesia adult people has banking service in 2019, this lead to make competition become tight for every player in PPOB industry. Instead of taking new customer the company need a strategy to maintain their customer to not move to competitor. relationship marketing (RM) strategy focus on how the company maintain their customer in such condition with fulfill the relationship marketing factor that is relational factor, competence factor and market offering factor. The research method is qualitative method to explore the company current condition of relationship marketing factor and literature review. The solution for this research will generate several alternative for each gap in the RM-factor and discussed with the kiosk and company to find the best solution for company which is improve the company marketing mix based on the discussion. The study shows how the three RM-factor related each other which is the company need to overcome each gap in every RM-factor to make strategy successful implemented in the company.Keywords: Maintain kiosk, Marketing mix,PPOB industry, Relationship marketing, Marketing Strategy
PROPOSED MARKETING STRATEGY TO DEPARTMENT OF CULTURAL AND TOURISM TO PROMOTE HALAL TOURISM DESTINATION (STUDY CASE: BANDUNG CITY)
No full textThe development of the world’s Muslim population contributes to the growing amount of Muslim tourists around the world. The Muslim market for travelers is expected to have up to US$ 330 billion in total expenditure by 2026. Indonesia, as the most populous Muslim country, has established 16 halal tourism destinations around the nation to welcome the Muslim tourists. Bandung offers to be apart of the halal tourism destination as an attempt to attract the profitable market segment. This study seeks to figure out What Bandung should to do to support its destination for halal tourism.The findings of external and internal assessment show that Bandung’s power, as halal tourism destination, is the Muslim people, Perda supporting Muslim tourists services and Bandung’s local sights. Halal tourism as an extended service, however, requires not only the government support but also all the stakeholders within the sector.The result indicates that Bandung as a halal tourism destination can make maximum use of the prosperous industry by identifying the suitable STP, Marketing Mix Strategy as well as the timetable for its suggested strategies and budget prediction.Keywords: Muslim tourists, halal tourism, Bandung, marketing strategy