IPTEK Journal of Proceedings Series
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Analysis Mooring System Configuration of Submerged Floating Tunnel
Get PDFSubmerged Floating Tunnels (SFT) is a tubular structure that is submerged and floating in depth remains through the system of anchors consisting of a cable connected to the seabed. SFT structure imposed its own weight and is assisted by the buoyancy or uplift caused by water, cross sectin of the tunnel is designed so that buoyancy can overcome the structural weight and experienced a lift force that causes the floating structure. Fastening system (mooring system) also play a role which is to inhibit the SFT structure, minimize displacement and stress caused by environmental burden, such as earthquakes and hydrodynamic load that can aggravate the condition SFT structure in case of crossing the sea with SFT system. SFT will give a fairly small impact on the environment as it floated in the water, and with built using a modular system, the SFT (Submerged Floating Tunnels) can reach a distance long enough and does not cause pollution. Basically the same as the force that occurs archimides principle, where the objects are in the water to get a compressive force to the top. Cross sectional analysis SFT, will be modeled by 7 different models that have been in previous studies. The model's of SFT with steel cable to hold the structure in order to remain strong with the inclination selected. Analysis is done by modeling the triangle wiring configuration with different angle of incliflation cable. The analysis by comparing the test model were made earlier with prototype analyzed numerically. The expected structure did not undergo excessive deformation due to the environmental burden. Therefore, the structure of the SFT will be done with the Abaqus as finite element analysis. So, obvious deformation occurred in the cable. Therefore, it was expected to obtain the optimum angle of inclination was 54º
Transisi Pengelolaan Dari Sistem Paratransit Mikrolet Menuju Sistem Transit Bus Feeder
Get PDFSistem paratransit yang diterapkan pada 58 rute mikrolet Surabaya saat ini membebankan resiko finansial pada sopir. Hal ini menyebabkan sopir melakukan praktek pengaturan headway tak beraturan. Sistem transit yang akan diterapkan pada 35 rute angkutan bus feeder masa depan di Surabaya mensyaratkan adanya jadwal yang ditaati sehingga diperlukan pengelolaan yang baik, dimana hal ini memerlukan perubahan sistem pengelolaan. Terdapat beberapa sistem pengelolaan transit yang telah diaplikasikan di berbagai kota dunia. Tujuan studi ini adalah memilih sistem pengelolaan agar tercipta penjadwalan yang ditaati, serta pengelolaan pada masa transisi agar sistem berjalan dan yang dirugikan sesedikit mungkin dengan menggunakan analisis multi kriteria. Hasilnya terpilih sistem pengelolaan sistem transit yang tepat untuk angkutan feeder di Surabaya, serta transisinya dari pengelolaan konvensional saat ini.
Off the grid!, (N)either roof (N) or floor
Get PDFTo construct a place, one may consider creating a shelter, or a ground plane that would accommodate people’s activities. Located in suburban part of the city of Surabaya, area of Tambaksari with its dense population is lacking for such a place. There are two fundamental requirements to raise the quality of living in the area. Provide a sheltered space for communal and a confined space for the youth playground and recreational activities are the two requirements. Two activities that was scattered at the beginning. For such, we proposed a single slab of concrete to accommodate both requirements. Which the slab will serve as a roof for the street vendors as a trigger for people to gather on the ground floor, and its also serve as a ground plane for playground on the upper floor. Connected with a continuous ramp and large voids, both activities on different floor will be interrelated both visually and physically. An important note in this project is to present the centralization of street vendors, which is naturally reluctant to be centralized, its unique qualities such as the randomness, the complexity, less-perceived boundary onto the site leads to irregular concrete slab shape decision to accommodate such uniqueness. Irregular shape ultimately becomes a problem for conventional structural grid. Parameterized random position of column then applied to the area of the floor. Furthermore triangular grid are introduced to connect the column as structural beam. The result is uncommon form both aesthetically and structurally piece of architecture
Aliphatic Biomakerof Crude Oil from Juwata, Tarakan, North Kalimantan
Get PDFCharacteristic organic geochemistry of crude oil Juwata, Tarakan, North Kalimantan provide information about the depositional sedimental environment and maturity of the oil. Crude oil was extracted with n-hexane (50: 2) for 24 hours to separate the crude oil with asphaltene, and if precipitation does not separate perfectly then centrifuged. Extracts were then refractionated using column chromatography according to the methods McCharty base. Fractionation results are obtained in the form of the neutral fraction, the acid fraction and polar fraction. Neutral fraction separated with KLTP method and aliphatic fraction and aromatic fractions. Aliphatic fraction subsequently analyzed by GC-MS. GC-MS analysis aliphatic fraction of n-alkanes in the form of compounds, and hopane, bikadinancompounds. The pattern of distribution of n-alkanes which consists of a range of C-17 to C-33. Carbon distribution with a range of C-21 to C-33 is dominating compared to the C-17 to C-20. This distribution pattern indicates the source of organic matter from terrestrial land wax component derived from higher plants. Hopane presence of compounds in crude oil aliphatic fractionsJuwata Tarakan, North Kalimantan analyzed by fragmentogram m/z = 191. Hopane biomarker provide that information during the sedimentation stage diagenesis these compounds are degraded and stereochemical changes towards a stable isomer form, configuration changes 17α (H), 21β (H) during the process of diagenesis to a stable isomer which is 17 α (H), 21β (H) or 21β (H), 17 α (H) indicates that oil comes from the old sediments. Biomarka bikadina identified according fragmentogram m/z = 191 multiple ion fragment m/z = 109.191, 369, 397 and ion molecular m/z = 412 showed the characteristic fragment bikadinna compound. Biomarka bikadina give information influx of organic material terrestrial region. The compounds showed crude oils biomarker Juwata Tarakan, North Kalimantan derived from terrestrial depositional environments
The study of geometric forms, proportion and scale of heritage buildings due to architectural theory
Get PDFArchitecture is the shapes of structure and enclosure that occurs from the elements of space organization patterns, space relationships and hierarchy, geometric shapes, scale ratio and proportion. In addition, architecture is the places of the programs from user requirements, user needs and aspirations, economic and social factors, cultural factor, the legality and the historical. Hence, from the building architectural styles,we could notify the history and the culture developments of a region. For example, Jakarta as a city has many buildings with different kinds of architectural style which is varies according to the years or times when the building was erected. To get further, in Central Jakarta, there are many kinds of historical and monumental buildings. Thus, in this study, we choose the historical and monumental buildings types such as the Elephant Museum which is in the Dutch Colonial Architecture style, the Istiqlal Mosque which is in Modern Islamic Architecture style, the National Monument Building which is in Modern Architecture style, and the Cathedral Church which is in Neo-Gothic Architecture style. We use geometric operation methods to studying the form suitability with the spaces function and the golden section method to find the scale ratio and proportion of the building facades. The result of this research finds that when the aesthetic value of edifices conforms the architectural theory rules, it could produces a good design
Emission Reduction Study for Eco-Campus Program, Case Study in Sepuluh Nopember Institute of Technology Indonesia
Get PDFEmission of CO2 in Indonesia is high relatively and have reached 1,55-ton carbon (5,67 ton CO2 – eq) per capita. It is predicted to increase up to 3,22-ton carbon per capita in 2050 as increasing of population growth. Indonesian Government has issued the policy for decreasing greenhouse gasses effect below 26% in 2020. It proposed to all of society not only public and private institutions, but also education institution like campus. This study is aimed to identify the factors which can influence greenhouse gasses effect, including carbon emission in transportation, waste management and electrical consumption in Sepuluh Nopember Institute of Technology (ITS). It is projected to support implementation of ITS eco campus program more effectively. Therefore, this study has formulated local planning and policy which can be implemented by campus community to decrease carbon emission and organize ITS as real eco-campus
Type simple house walled CEB which efficient heat energy and embodied energy in Indonesia
Get PDFEfficient energy on heat energy and embodied energy in a simple house type in Indonesia needs to be observed. The type of house is very closely linked with the building area. It is necessary to know in order to determine the type of house by developers or for the government in terms of the energy. This energy efficiency is important because energy is a world problem that must be saved. The buildings in this study using Compressed Earth Block (CEB) wall material. CEB is a low-energy building materials and local material. This material is a type of brick, but not through the process of burning. The research problem is the type of house which one has energy efficient? Because it is not always type with a small area will have energy efficient. The method used was the optimization of the heat energy in this case the cooling load with embodied energy. The research variables was the building floor area is reflected in the type of building. Cooling load in a building was calculated for a year, simulating calculations of the cooling load performed by software Archipak. While the embodied energy calculations using the standard embodied energy per unit. The results showed that the type of building optimal heat energy and embodied energy is a type of building 70 or a building type with the largest area. Building that has a small embodied energy will produce heat energy which is small as well
Seismic Risk Analysis for Critical Infrastructure: The Case Study of a Medical Center and its Supporting Systems in Yangon, Myanmar
Get PDFMyanmar has a great strike-slip active fault called the “Sagaing Fault Zone” besides the Sumatra-Andaman Subduction Zone. Major cities (Yangon, Naypyitaw, Bago and Mandalay) are at risk along this fault. Recently, in 2012, Thabeikkyin earthquake with Magnitude of 6.8 caused collapse of many residential housings and ground failures near Mandalay. Therefore more attention should be paid for Yangon which has no large earthquakes since 1930 and is the largest not only in population but also in socio-economic activity. One of the most important concerns after an earthquake is to survive under any disastrous conditions. The medical care is requested not only for emergent injured people after an earthquake, but also for various types of patient and aged people from several weeks to longer periods. So medical center must be always functional before and after earthquake. For this purpose, medical buildings should be structurally resilient and also be functional for medical services by sustainable supply of electric power, water and any other delivery service which can be carried out by urban lifeline systems. This research is to investigate the structural vulnerability of hospital buildings and facilities, to assess the performance of urban lifeline systems and to check the operational capability of medical services in which surgical capability and life safety management method should be discussed. The water supply system is adopted as a typical lifeline system in Yangon in this study. One sample medical center in Yangon is adopted to carry out this analysis. Finally, the performance of medical services after the earthquakes can be assessed in a probabilistic manner
Study of Confinement Index of High-Strength Concrete Columns Reinforced with High-Strength Steel Bars
Get PDFNowadays, the need of mega structures such high-rise buildings and long-span bridges due to the rapid growth of population is becoming increasingly urgent. The bigger the structures the higher the load should be carried by their structural members. To resist higher load, it normally requires larger size members. In reinforced concrete members, the capacity enhancement can be attained by either increasing the element size, the grade of materials used (concrete and steel bars), or the number or size of the steel bars used. However, higher-strength materials such as concrete and steel typically have more brittle properties. To improve the ductility of the concrete, it can be achieved by providing confining steel through transverse reinforcement. For higher-strength steel bars, a chemical based research has been conducted in recent years to come up with the high strength yet ductile steel material. This paper focuses on the analysis of various strengths of concrete columns 30 MPa and to 60 MPa reinforced and confined with high-strength reinforcing steel bars 550 MPa (Grade 80) with variety cross section of columns. From the study, it can be concluded that the confinement index decreases significantly with the increase of concrete strength. The use of higher-strength transverse steel increases the confinement index. The greater strengths of concrete used, the confinement ratio will be smaller at the same spacing
The Prediction of Wonogiri Dam’s Service Life Using Point Integrated Sampling
Get PDFSedimentation is the final process of erosion event due to run off, in which the soil grain is brought with through cavity, water channel toward the river then ends up in the reservoir. As a result, the reservoir will be filled in with sediment, so that the uncontrolled sediment will affect the reservoir’s service life. Point integrated sampling method is an alternative to find out the reservoir’s service life. The case study is conducted in multi-purpose Wonogiri reservoir, using the following instruments: GPS, dradloading set, meters, with maps from RBI and surfer software help to develop the sounding channel grids and to get the reservoir’s contour map. Point integrated sampling is a method of measuring the reservoir’s depth directly using dradloading with the large number of taking point with integrated sounding channel grids to obtain the elevation of sediment deposition currently. Then the data of reservoir’s elevation result was processed using surfer software. During running, it could be seen that the reservoir’s elevation increased compared with the original one during preparation because there is sediment deposition in the bottom of reservoir, so the reservoir’s sedimentation could make the reservoir’s dead storage full there by reducing the reservoir’s service life