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Vulnerability and Poverty Cycle of Child Labor in the Urban Informal Sector: A Case Study of Kramat Jati Wholesale Market, Jakarta
Full text linkThe phenomenon of child labor, especially for women in the urban informal sector, is still a complex social problem in Indonesia. This study aims to analyze the factors that encourage girls to work in the informal sector, the impact of work on their welfare, and the effectiveness of government policies in addressing this problem. Using a qualitative approach and case study method at the Kramat Jati Wholesale Market, Jakarta, this study collected data through field observations, in-depth interviews with girl workers and their families, and policy analysis related to child labor in Indonesia. The study results indicate that family poverty, lack of access to education, and social norms normalizing child labor are the main factors that encourage them to work. These girl workers are socially excluded in various forms. The lack of inclusive education services for children of workers is intertwined with them losing access to other rights such as poor health conditions, lack of safe places, vulnerable families due to crime and  unregistered marriages, dropping out of school, and ending child marriage. Educational inequality perpetuates child labor and creates a cycle of poverty that is passed down to the next generation
Optimization of Local Resources In The Implementation of Food Security in Village
Full text linkThe purpose of this study was to determine how the implementation of the food security program in Simbang Village, Pamboang District, Majene Regency. The analysis used Soren Winter's theory by identifying several key variables that can influence the success of the implementation of a program, namely the policy formulation process, the organizational behavior of the implementing actors, the behavior of bureaucrats at the lower level (Street Level Bureaucrats) and the response of the target group. This study uses a qualitative-descriptive method, where data analysis involves collecting open data based on general questions and information analysis, as well as writing short notes during the study. The results of the study indicate that the implementation of the food security program in Simbang Village, which is sourced from village funds in 2024, has been carried out well. Of the four key variables that influence the success of the food security program implementation in Simbang Village, the third variable is related to the street-level bureaucracy which is dominant in determining the success of the implementation of the food security program. The conclusion of this study, the Simbang Village government provides freedom for food security program activities in Simbang Village in achieving the welfare of the local community.
Keywords: Work Ethics; Resources; Local Program; Food Security
Community Empowerment Through Social Entrepreneurship
Full text linkThis study examines the implementation of community empowerment through social entrepreneurship. This study employs previous research sources as references in its analysis and review process and then uses VosViewer to create a concept map or mapping of commonly studied themes. This study employs an article analysis method that utilizes VosViewer. The process involves gathering articles from previous studies, indexed in the Scopus database, which closely aligns with the research topic of community empowerment through social entrepreneurship. Once we have collected these articles, we will conduct an analysis using VosViewer, which facilitates concept mapping through network and density analyses. This study highlights community empowerment's significance in improving social conditions. The study focuses on the economy, community welfare, and addressing the current challenges and social constraints. The limitations of this study are the lack of previous research or reference sources that study social entrepreneurs specifically and in detail. Several previous research results, which very minimally examine the concept of social entrepreneurship as a means of community empowerment, bear this out
Effective Strategies of Volunteers in Overcoming Challenges to Build a Sustainable Community Based on Civic Engagement
Full text linkThis research examines effective strategies applied by volunteers in facing challenges to build sustainable communities based on civic engagement. Using a qualitative phenomenological approach, this research explores the in-depth experiences of volunteers involved in handling waste issues in Malang City. Data were collected through field observations, in-depth interviews, and documentation, which were systematically analyzed using data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results show that close collaboration with various stakeholders, including the government and local organizations, is key to expanding support and increasing the impact of activities. Regular internal education enhances volunteer capacity, while public campaigns and advocacy drive community awareness and policy change. Community solidarity and emotional support between volunteers play an important role in maintaining collective motivation. Other strategies include flexible time management, task delegation, and utilizing creativity in managing limited resources. Self-management is also crucial in dealing with internal challenges such as social pressure and personal expectations. Volunteers who are able to manage their emotions and stay focused on the organization's vision show higher consistency in action. This research offers practical guidance for social organizations in improving the efficiency and impact of their activities, while contributing to the academic literature on volunteer dynamics in building sustainable communities. The findings underscore the importance of innovation, collaboration and civic engagement-based approaches as a foundation for addressing increasingly complex social and environmental challenge
Assessing The Effects of Irregular Migration on The Well-Being Of The Migrant Households in Delta and Edo States, Nigeria
Full text linkThis study examined the effects of irregular migration on the well-being of the migrant households in Delta and Edo States, Nigeria. A cross-sectional research design and purposive sampling technique were adopted. Questionnaire was employed as the research instrument for this study with 716 respondents deemed usable. The theoretical and analytical framework that directs this study combines the New Economics of Labour Migration theory with the neo-classical theory, making evident their shared premise that irregular migration can be seen as a household-calculated strategy to maintain rural well-being. With the use of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 23, the acquired data were examined using percentages, means, standard deviations, Pearson's coefficient of correlation, and linear regression analysis. The well-being of migrant households in the Delta and Edo States is positively and considerably influenced by irregular movement, according to the study. The study also showed that irregular migration improves welfare and means of subsistence, increases financial remittances, lowers family poverty, and promotes the construction of infrastructure in the home areas of migrants in the Delta and Edo States. The study came to the conclusion that, for all people, including those in the Delta and Edo States, irregular migration is an unavoidable human phenomenon in the modern day. To ensure that migrants understand the ramifications of irregular migration and the value of regular migration to the state and communities, not simply their family members, the government should actively engage migrants and maintain contact with them, rather than actively discouraging migration. The study concluded that many of the properties constructed in the neighbourhoods are owned or occupied by the immigrants and their families; it is undeniable that irregular migration has had an impact on numerous communities in the Delta and Edo States. Based on the study's findings and conclusions, the study made several recommendations, including that the governments of Delta and Edo State should appoint honourable people, notable figures, and bright academics to develop and carry out policies aimed at promoting migrants' interest in the establishment of infrastructure, including healthcare facilities, educational institutions, transportation, renewable energy, solar power, and modular refineries. In the foreseeable future, this will significantly lessen irregular migration in the Delta and Edo States
Construction of Cultural Resilience through the Exploration of Agrarian Ritual Meanings in Kemiren Banyuwangi Village
Full text linkThis research aims to analyse the symbolic meaning of agrarian rituals in Kemiren Village, Banyuwangi, and its relationship with cultural resilience. Using a phenomenological approach, this research explores the perspectives of local actors in cultural, historical and social contexts. Data were collected through observations, interviews and documentation studies to understand the agricultural ritual tradition and its role in cultural preservation. The results showed that agrarian rituals have philosophical meanings that strengthen community identity as well as human relationships with nature. This ritual is also an intergenerational tool in preserving ancestral culture. The results of this study confirm the need for collaboration between the government and local communities in supporting cultural preservation through the promotion of culture-based tourism by utilising information technology. However, this research is limited to one agricultural area in the cultural heritage of Kemiren Village, so further research is needed to study more widely in other agricultural areas to obtain unique data and facts from various actors preserving agrarian rituals. As well as to encourage the development of science, future research is needed on the possibility of food security ideas contained in the customs of the ancestors, in this case agrarian ritual processions
Collaboration of Local Political Actors in the Advocacy of Kampung Budaya Jalawastu as a Traditional Village
Full text linkThis study examines the political processes undertaken by local political actors in advocating for Kampung Budaya Jalawastu to be recognized as a Traditional Village in Brebes Regency. It is particularly interesting to explore how local political elites act as decision-makers in addressing administrative, cultural, and political issues while balancing their respective interests. Kampung Budaya Jalawastu is the only hamlet proposed as a Traditional Village in Brebes Regency. The research was conducted over two months (November - December) using a descriptive qualitative method, with data collected through observation, interviews, and document analysis. The data were analyzed descriptively and validated through source and technique triangulation. This study employs elite theory as its analytical framework. The results show that: (1) Local political actors serving as key decision-makers include the Traditional Leader, the Council of Elders, the Village Secretary of Ciseureuh, the Village Head of Ciseureuh, the Head of the Cultural Division at the Brebes Regency Culture and Tourism Office, and the Regent of Brebes. Each actor utilizes their power based on individual interests. (2) Collaboration among the Traditional Leader, the Ciseureuh Village Government, and the Brebes Regency Government has been productive. (3) Advocacy efforts initiated by the Traditional Leader serve as a strategy to maintain their reputation and strengthen ties with the Brebes Regency Government. (4) The advocacy process has significant economic and autonomy implications for the community. This study can inform policies on the development of Traditional Villages, particularly in managing customary forests and communal lands for indigenous communities. It also serves as a reference for formulating Traditional Village governance policies rooted in local wisdom values.
Keywords : Local Political Actors; Traditional Village; Collaboration; Kampung Budaya; Jalawastu;This study examines the political processes undertaken by local political actors in advocating for Kampung Budaya Jalawastu to be recognized as a Traditional Village in Brebes Regency. It is particularly interesting to explore how local political elites act as decision-makers in addressing administrative, cultural, and political issues while balancing their respective interests. Kampung Budaya Jalawastu is the only hamlet proposed as a Traditional Village in Brebes Regency. The research was conducted over two months (November–December) using a descriptive qualitative method, with data collected through observation, interviews, and document analysis. The data were analyzed descriptively and validated through source and technique triangulation. This study employs elite theory as its analytical framework. The results show that: (1) Local political actors serving as key decision-makers include the Traditional Leader, the Council of Elders, the Village Secretary of Ciseureuh, the Village Head of Ciseureuh, the Head of the Cultural Division at the Brebes Regency Culture and Tourism Office, and the Regent of Brebes. Each actor utilizes their power based on individual interests. (2) Collaboration among the Traditional Leader, the Ciseureuh Village Government, and the Brebes Regency Government has been productive. (3) Advocacy efforts initiated by the Traditional Leader serve as a strategy to maintain their reputation and strengthen ties with the Brebes Regency Government. (4) The advocacy process has significant economic and autonomy implications for the community. This study can inform policies on the development of Traditional Villages, particularly in managing customary forests and communal lands for indigenous communities. It also serves as a reference for formulating Traditional Village governance policies rooted in local wisdom values
The K-popification of Anies Baswedan: Exploring fandom culture and youth involvement in Indonesia's 2024 election
Full text linkThe 2024 Indonesian presidential election marked a significant shift in political engagement, particularly among young voters, who leveraged digital platforms and fandom culture to promote their preferred candidates. This study explores the K-popification of Anies Baswedan’s campaign, a phenomenon where youth-driven political participation mirrored K-pop fandom dynamics, transforming traditional electoral strategies. By utilizing Philip Niffenegger’s 4P Model of Political Marketing which involved Product, Promotion, Price, and Place, this research examines how Anies Baswedan's campaign evolved into a fan-centric movement that increased visibility, engagement, and voter mobilization. The study employs a qualitative case study approach, analyzing social media content, grassroots initiatives, and digital activism strategies that framed Anies Baswedan as an "idol-like" figure. Findings suggest that youth engagement in political campaigns is shifting from passive participation to interactive, community-driven movements, facilitated by social media’s algorithmic power. This research contributes to the growing discourse on political marketing, fandom activism, and digital youth mobilization, highlighting the blurring boundaries between entertainment culture and electoral politics. However, the phenomenon appears largely confined to younger, digitally active demographics and may not resonate with older or rural populations who are less engaged in online platforms. Future studies should explore the potential of translating such digital movements into broader, offline civic engagement to assess their long-term impact and inclusivity
Job Equalization Policy Implementation and Competency Development of Civil Servants: A Case Study of Policy Analysts in East Manggarai Regency
No full textThis study investigates the implementation of the job equalization policy and the development of civil servant competencies in East Manggarai Regency, with a focus on the functional position of policy analysts. The research is motivated by concerns that the nationwide conversion of structural positions to functional ones, while administratively mandated, may not be accompanied by adequate competency development, particularly in under-resourced regions. Employing a qualitative case study design, the study collected data through interviews, document analysis, and field observations, and analyzed the findings using thematic coding supported by Edwards III’s implementation model, Kingdon’s Multiple Streams Framework, and Spencer’s competency theory. The results reveal that although structural transitions were formally implemented, the substantive preparation for new functional roles remains insufficient. Communication was top-down and unclear; training opportunities were severely limited; and performance indicators were misaligned with functional responsibilities. Most policy analysts lacked the technical and behavioral competencies required for their roles, resulting in diminished organizational performance and weakened public service outcomes. The absence of institutional support mechanisms, such as mentoring and performance benchmarks, further hindered adaptation and professional growth.The study concludes that successful implementation of job equalization policies requires more than administrative compliance—it demands strategic investment in human capital, institutional learning, and localized policy adaptation. This research contributes to public administration literature by illustrating how structural reforms must be paired with competency development to realize their intended impact, especially in decentralized, capacity-constrained environments.
Keywords: Job Equalization Policy; Policy Analyst; Competency Development; Public Sector Reform; Implementation; Bureaucratic Transformation;This study investigates the implementation of the job equalization policy and the development of civil servant competencies in East Manggarai Regency, with a focus on the functional position of policy analysts. The research is motivated by concerns that the nationwide conversion of structural positions to functional ones, while administratively mandated, may not be accompanied by adequate competency development, particularly in under-resourced regions. Employing a qualitative case study design, the study collected data through interviews, document analysis, and field observations, and analyzed the findings using thematic coding supported by Edwards III’s implementation model, Kingdon’s Multiple Streams Framework, and Spencer’s competency theory.
The results reveal that although structural transitions were formally implemented, the substantive preparation for new functional roles remains insufficient. Communication was top-down and unclear; training opportunities were severely limited; and performance indicators were misaligned with functional responsibilities. Most policy analysts lacked the technical and behavioral competencies required for their roles, resulting in diminished organizational performance and weakened public service outcomes. The absence of institutional support mechanisms, such as mentoring and performance benchmarks, further hindered adaptation and professional growth.
The study concludes that successful implementation of job equalization policies requires more than administrative compliance—it demands strategic investment in human capital, institutional learning, and localized policy adaptation. This research contributes to public administration literature by illustrating how structural reforms must be paired with competency development to realize their intended impact, especially in decentralized, capacity-constrained environments
Japan Assistance for Sustainable Peace and Development in the Bangsamoro Post-Conflict Reconstruction
No full textThe Since 2002, Japan has contributed approximately 26 billion pesos for the sustainable peace and development efforts in Mindanao through Official Development Assistance (ODA), which aligns with the objectives of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Following the peace agreement between the Philippine government and the Moro separatist group, Japan provided an additional USD 13 million for post-conflict reconstruction. This article examines the rationale behind Japan’s foreign aid in the post-conflict reconstruction of Bangsamoro. Employing a qualitative research methodology with a descriptive-analytical approach, this study draws on secondary data from reputable academic journals indexed in Scopus and Sinta, as well as official reports from the Japanese Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the Bangsamoro government, and credible news sources. Primary data was obtained through observation and interviews with stakeholders in Bangsamoro during the author’s internship at the Al Qalam Institute, Ateneo de Davao University, a non-governmental organization committed to interfaith harmony and community empowerment for peace and sustainable development. The analysis applies a realist perspective using Hans Morgenthau’s A Political Theory of Foreign Aid as the theoretical framework. The findings suggest that while Japan’s ODA significantly contributes to regional development and stability in Bangsamoro, it simultaneously advances Japan’s geopolitical and economic interests, particularly in countering China’s assertiveness in the South China Sea and its economic dominance in Southeast Asia.
Keywords : Japan; Official Development Assistance (ODA); Sustainable Development and Peace; Bangsamoro; Post-Conflict Reconstruction;Abstrak Sejak tahun 2002, Jepang telah memberikan kontribusi sekitar 26 miliar peso untuk mendukung upaya perdamaian dan pembangunan berkelanjutan di Mindanao melalui Bantuan Pembangunan Resmi (Official Development Assistance/ODA), yang sejalan dengan tujuan Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Pasca perjanjian damai antara pemerintah Filipina dan kelompok separatis Moro, Jepang kembali menyalurkan dana tambahan sebesar 13 juta USD untuk rekonstruksi pascakonflik. Artikel ini mengkaji rasionalitas di balik pemberian bantuan luar negeri Jepang dalam rekonstruksi pascakonflik di Bangsamoro. Dengan menggunakan metodologi penelitian kualitatif dan pendekatan deskriptif-analitis, penelitian ini mengacu pada data sekunder dari jurnal akademik bereputasi yang terindeks Scopus dan Sinta, serta laporan resmi dari Kementerian Luar Negeri Jepang, pemerintah Bangsamoro, dan sumber berita terpercaya. Data primer diperoleh melalui observasi dan wawancara dengan para pemangku kepentingan di Bangsamoro selama penulis menjalani magang di Al Qalam Institute, Ateneo de Davao University, sebuah organisasi non-pemerintah yang berkomitmen pada harmoni antaragama dan pemberdayaan masyarakat demi perdamaian dan pembangunan berkelanjutan. Analisis dilakukan dengan menggunakan perspektif realis melalui kerangka teori Hans Morgenthau A Political Theory of Foreign Aid. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa meskipun ODA Jepang berkontribusi signifikan terhadap pembangunan dan stabilitas regional di Bangsamoro, pada saat yang sama bantuan tersebut juga mendorong kepentingan geopolitik dan ekonomi Jepang, khususnya dalam menghadapi sikap tegas Tiongkok di Laut Cina Selatan serta dominasi ekonominya di Asia Tenggara.