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Stime di rischio e scelte responsabili
No full textRisk estimation is seen as the construction of a rational argument to support possible choices that a decision maker can make on possible preventive actions aimed at reducing the impact of a possible future event capable of producing effects that the decision maker himself considers negative. The rationality of this argument is guaranteed by the internal logical coherence of the argument, which can be judged ex-post only if clearly defined, starting from the use of the terms it uses. In this context, it becomes necessary to distinguish terms that refer to different aspects of risk estimation, eliminating possible ambiguities that could undermine a shared evaluation of the argument proposed in support of the choices made. Given the freedom attributed to the decision maker and the possible alternatives that the risk estimate itself implies, this cannot have a normative character, neither it can legitimize by itself the choice made by the decision maker. This must be taken into clear consideration especially regarding the imputability of the decision maker regarding the effects of the choice made.La stima del rischio viene descritta come un processo finalizzato alla costruzione di un’argomentazione razionale a supporto di possibili scelte di un decisore riguardo alle possibili azioni volte a ridurre l’impatto di un futuro evento in grado di produrre effetti che il decisore stesso ritiene negativi. La razionalità di questa argomentazione è garantita dalla coerenza logica interna dell’argomentazione, che può essere giudicata ex-post solo se definita chiaramente, a partire dall’uso dei termini che utilizza. Diviene necessario in questo contesto distinguere termini che fanno riferimento ad aspetti diversi della stima del rischio eliminando possibili ambiguità che possano inficiare una valutazione condivisa dell’argomentazione proposta a supporto delle scelte effettuate. Data la libertà attribuita al decisore e le possibili alternative che la stessa stima di rischio implica, questa non potrà avere carattere normativo, né tantomeno legittimare da sola la scelta effettuata dal decisore. Questo va tenuto in chiara considerazione soprattutto riguardo all’imputabilità del decisore riguardo agli effetti della scelta effettuata
Emilio Lussu e Giuseppe Antonio Borgese: rappresentare, analizzare e testimoniare il fascismo
No full textThis article presents a comparison between Goliath. The March of the Fascism by Giuseppe Antonio Borgese, a little-known work in the Italian literary context, and Marcia su Roma e dintorni by Emilio Lussu, one of the most famous books of antifascist exile literature. The analysis highlights the similarities between the two works, from the centrality of morality in their critique of fascism to shared stylistic elements, such as the presence of ‘open endings’ and the blending of literature and testimony. Additionally, both works will be studied for their reconstruction of the March on Rome, which in both cases stands in clear opposition to the version presented by Curzio Malaparte in Tecnica del colpo di Stato.In questo articolo si propone un confronto tra Golia. Marcia del fascismo di Giuseppe Antonio Borgese, testo poco noto nell’ambiente letterario italiano, e uno dei libri più celebri della letteratura antifascista dell’esilio: Marcia su Roma e dintorni, di Emilio Lussu. Verranno illustrati i punti di incontro tra le due opere, dalla centralità della morale nell’analisi sul fascismo alla condivisione di alcuni tratti stilistici, come la presenza di ‘finali aperti’ o della commistione tra letteratura e testimonianza, passando per una comune ricostruzione della Marcia su Roma in aperta opposizione rispetto a quella data da Curzio Malaparte in Tecnica del colpo di Stato
Cannibali antimoderni. Il 1799 di Francesco Mastriani
No full textMastriani’s traditional classification as an author of social novels now seems overly restrictive. In some of his major works, he transforms his novels into a privileged space for exploring the complex relationships between history and fiction. This paper intends to explore the relationship between history and fiction in Francesco Mastriani’s novels dedicated to the Revolution of 1799. In fact, during the Risorgimento, Mastriani finds in this significant event of Neapolitan history a way to understand the present and to write a national history. In particular, the focus on Neapolitan cannibalism proves useful in probing the author’s ideology and the sources he used in his narrative.La tradizionale definizione di Mastriani come autore di romanzi sociali appare ormai stretta per definire la sua produzione letteraria. In alcune delle sue opere principali, Mastriani mostra infatti le attitudini di uno storico, così che i suoi romanzi si presentano come uno spazio privilegiato per provare le sottili e complesse relazioni tra storia e finzione. Nei delicati anni risorgimentali, l’autore è impegnato a più riprese nella comprensione del presente e in una riscrittura della storia nazionale dalla prospettiva napoletana, trovando un’importante ispirazione nella Rivoluzione del 1799. In questo contributo si intende indagare il rapporto tra fedeltà storica e libera reinvenzione degli eventi rivoluzionari all’interno dei romanzi mastrianei dedicati alla Rivoluzione. Per farlo, si segue un focus specifico, quello del cannibalismo napoletano, utile per sondare l’ideologia dell’autore e per aprire riflessioni sul rapporto intessuto dall’autore con le fonti utilizzate per l’elaborazione finzionale
Beyond Crisis Talk: Making Time for Re-Searching New Narratives of Human Relations With Soil
No full textIn this paper, we focus on soil as a “contested terrain” emerging from the interplay of competing socio-political and cultural frames. Starting from the analysis of international reports on soil, we show how the urgency frame acts as a powerful discursive device that progressively reduces the inherent complexity of soil as a socio-ecological system, compressing the temporality of future perspectives and demarcating the inclusion/exclusion of non-human actors in soil communities. In the second part, we draw on examples of practice from our project BRIDGES to highlight possibilities for re-framing research as a “practice of attention” and experimenting with different temporalities and modes of relation with soil. Findings point to the need to address the fundamental questions that such an approach poses for all research communities. Bringing sedimented attitudes, perceptions, and ways approaching research to the surface, our experiences cast light on the importance of methodological choices for thinking differently about soil and about slowing down the narratives of research: not as a tool or resource, but as a shared process of crafting mutual relations amongst all kinds of practitioners, including more than humans
Neoliberal Timescapes of Infrastructuring an Environmental Footprint: Configuring Carbon Emissions as Flexibly Substitutable Placeholders
No full textEnvironmental discourses shift over time. Corporations are interested in maintaining efficient systems that translate their operation’s environmental impacts into specific environmental discourses, such as carbon. For this purpose, corporate environmental management systems employ accounting. In accounting apparatuses material environmental relations are represented digitally. I attend to maintainers of such digital infrastructures and analyse how they enact the corporation’s environmental relations as sufficiently stable. I show that achieving such stability over time is indeed a critical project because the socio-technical relations of the infrastructure routinely threaten such stability. To devise a time-sensitive infrastructural analysis, this problematisation adopts Barbara Adam’s timescapes perspective and Lucy Suchman’s concept of configuration. Annelise Riles’ notion of the placeholder supports theorising the specific political quality of the infrastructural relations. I draw on ethnographic research into corporate carbon accounting in a transnational company. The empirical material consists of an ethnographic story composed of key artefacts of the accounting infrastructure and participant observation of situated engagements with these artefacts by the environmental managers; specifically, I address situations in which participants enact too swift emission reduction, the synchronisation of emissions and the versioning of environments. This story powers detailing how time is imagined and inscribed in critical infrastructural relations. Across these analyses, I problematise how the managers of these corporate carbon emissions continuously (re)configure the latter into an appropriately flexible environmental reality. In sum, I argue that complex temporal politics are at work within maintaining emissions in the corporation to produce tailored versions of environmental realities, effecting a neoliberal timescape
Time, Infrastructure and Knowledge: Rethinking Temporality in the Anthropocene
No full textThe contributions included in this Crossing Boundaries section reflect upon infrastructural temporality, chronopolitics and natural history in relation to the Anthropocene and climate change. Vando Borghi examines infrastructure capitalism and regimes of historicity, arguing that infrastructural synchronization dispossesses individuals of agency, producing “uncertizenship”. He invites us to delve into “ruins thinking” and an “epistemology of coordination” to inhabit this condition and re-territorialize infrastructures. Luigi Pellizzoni interrogates whether the Anthropocene narrative represents a break from or continuity with late capitalist modernity’s politics of time. Addressing the concept of “non-trivial futures”, he argues that the Anthropocene aligns with and strengthens capitalism’s recursive temporality and secular eschatology, opening space for conservative or reactionary designs. Finally, Paolo Savoia traces a “revival” of natural history in the environmental humanities, enabled by temporal short-circuits between the 16th and 21st centuries. Early modern natural history is revealed as preluding anthropology that blurred nature-culture divides and anticipates a notion of “third nature” which challenges the scalability logic characteristic of modernity
Avventure da avventurieri: è possibile riprendere le attività all'aperto dopo il Covid?
No full textIn this article, I highlight how the lockdowns during the pandemic in Italy favoured the emergence of a higher indoorisation for Generation Z. I underline the fact that the most recent post-pandemic studies in Italy highlight the difficulties for a part of adolescents to resume experiential activities in outdoors. The latest research states that some teenagers do not find the stimuli to get out of the virtual bubble after the end of the pandemic. Some scholars of outdoor education in Italy have started a debate on whether it is enough to give adolescents the opportunity to resume outdoor experiential activities for a real re-start, or whether the adventurers’ adventures can be an example to follow. The scientific literature in outdoor adventure education has not yet explored the positive relationship that can be established between pupil and adventurer in order to promote more place-based micro-adventures.In questo articolo, sottolineo come i lockdowns durante la pandemia in Italia abbiano favorito l’emergere di stili di vita legati all’indoorisation per la Generazione Z. Sottolineo il fatto che i più recenti studi post-pandemia in Italia mettono in luce la difficoltà di una parte degli adolescenti a riprendere le attività esperienziali all’aperto. Le ultime ricerche affermano che alcuni adolescenti non trovano gli stimoli per uscire dalla bolla virtuale, dopo la fine della pandemia. Alcuni studiosi di outdoor education in Italia hanno avviato un dibattito se sia sufficiente dare agli adolescenti l’opportunità di riprendere le attività esperienziali all'aperto per un vero e proprio re-start, o se le avventure degli avventurieri possano essere un esempio da seguire. La letteratura scientifica sull’outdoor adventure education non ha ancora esplorato la relazione positiva che si può instaurare tra l’allievo e l’avventuriero per promuovere più micro-avventure basate sul luogo
Desplazamientos del espacio rural y transformaciones corporales en "Las aventuras de China Iron" de Gabriela Cabezón Cámara
No full textThis essay examines The Adventures of China Iron (2017) by Gabriela Cabezón Cámara, focusing on the construction of identities at the margins of the clandestine—shaped by affective nomadism and errant trajectories. In the novel, the turn toward rural space, traditionally portrayed in Argentine foundational literature as a site of barbarism, violence, and abandonment, serves instead as a setting for community formation and the emergence of dissident bodies. Both the landscape and its inhabitants are transformed through a nomadism of animal, feminine, and minoritarian becomings, as the rural territory is reimagined as a space of refuge.El ensayo analiza Las aventuras de la China Iron (2017) de Gabriela Cabezón Cámara, con el fin de resaltar las identidades construidas en las fronteras de lo clandestino, de los devenires marcados por nomadismos afectivos y errancias. El desplazamiento hacia el espacio rural, pensado históricamente en la literatura fundacional argentina como el lugar de la barbarie, la violencia y el abandono, en la novela funciona como una espacialidad para el desarrollo comunitario y para el desenvolvimiento de corporalidades disidentes. El espacio y los sujetos que lo habitan mutan a partir de un nomadismo con devenires animal, mujer y minoría a través del territorio rural que se presenta como lugar de amparo
La letteratura orale embera: inquietudini e oscillazioni enunciative nel mito contemporaneo
No full textStarting from a redefinition of the notion of 'oral literature', this essay analyzes two versions of the myth of Jinu Potó, narrated by two members of the Embera community in Colombia. The analysis weaves together a study of the motifs with an exploration of what occurs between the act of narration. According to the thesis proposed, what happens in the course of storytelling complements the textual dimension of oral literature, condensing traces of the epistemic reconfiguration process taking place in contexts of forced displacement.A partire da una ridefinizione della nozione di ‘letteratura orale’, il saggio compara due narrazioni del racconto di Jinu Potó realizzate da due membri della comunità embera in Colombia. L’analisi intreccia uno studio dei motivi del racconto con un’analisi di ciò che accade tra la narrazione. Secondo la tesi proposta, ciò che accade durante la narrazione integra la dimensione testuale della letteratura orale embera, condensando del processo di riconfigurazione epistemica in atto in un contesto di sfollamento forzato