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State Capitalism Theories of Lenin and Bukharin : 'Leviathan' or 'Three-quarter of Socialism'?
Get PDFapplication/pdfAfter Vladimir Putin came to the power, contributions of economic activities by the state and stateowned companies toward the Russian economy as a whole has become significant, and the proportions of those actors to the Russia’s GDP are still increasing. At first we will discuss at first the increasing role of the state and state-owned companies in the economy of Russia, mainly using the official reports by the Federal Antimonopoly Service of Russia.
Then, we will consider the concept of ""state capitalism"" in the context of economic theories. The most famous non-Marxist view on the Russian state capitalism is Ian Bremmer’s, but his concept of ""state capitalism"" is very simple and vague, and lacks theoretical background. We will mainly review the Marxist approach to the analysis of“state capitalism”, especially the theories of Lenin and Bukharin's.departmental bulletin pape
Developing Didactic Competences of EFL Teachers of Japanese
Get PDFapplication/pdf本研究の目的は、「教員養成コア・カリキュラム（英語）」（東京学芸大学2017、文部科学省2017）の視点から、日本における英語教員の資質能力の形成について考察することである。本カリキュラムは、文部科学省委託事業「英語教員の英語力・指導力強化のための調査研究事業」（2015～2016 年度）の調査結果の一部として本案が2017 年3 月に公開されたものである。筆者の本研究では、教員の「専門性基準（professional standards）」のない日本において、国が「教職課程の質的向上」を求めているという混迷した現状に、教員養成コア・カリキュラムがどう応えているかに着目した。日本の教師教育改革にとって、国によるカリキュラム開発の動きや研究成果は大きな意味・意義を持つ一方で、英語教員の資質能力の構成要素や専門性基準の同定化、それに基づく一貫性英語教育カリキュラム編成が今後の喫緊の課題であることが浮き彫りになった。研究ノートdepartmental bulletin pape
Dutch Decentralisation and ‘gemeentefonds’
Get PDFapplication/pdfThe purpose of this paper is to examine the characteristics of ‘gemeentefonds’, the Dutch fiscal equalization system. In addition, it explores how gemeentefonds was changed by the 2015 decentralisation, which transferred social services relating to care, work, and youth to municipalities. It concludes that gemeentefonds is characterized by a small share of tax resources for local governments, resulting in more transfers to the four largest cities. Moreover, the decentralisation of social services in 2015 might have impacts on gemeentefonds in terms of distribution and give rise to debates about the way of deciding the total amounts of gemeentefonds, that is ‘accres’.departmental bulletin pape
PLAY and LEARNING in the Early Childhood Education and Care
Get PDFapplication/pdfThe aim of this paper is to analyze the situation concerning PLAY and LEARNING in ECEC and to investigate the relation between those two activities, such as, why LEARNING is now prevailing in the world, what is the significance to emphasize the PLAY, what is the relation of PLAY and LEARNING etc.
The characteristics of PLAY (e.g., the pursuit of fun, rich process, free from result) are also a principle of method of LEARNING. We now analyze Three Documentations based on "Project Approach" as a clue to understand the relation between PLAY and LEARNING.departmental bulletin pape