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Nationalism in Embryo: Building a National Consciousness in Japan and Italy in the Beginning of 20th Century
Get PDFapplication/pdfAmong the ex-Axis powers, Germany is often referred to in comparative studies over fascism and nationalism in Japan. But such comparative studies of Japan and Italy has been less explored than expected. For the purpose of filling this lacuna, this paper deals with the nationalism and national consciousness in Japan and Italy at the beginning of 20th century, focusing on Il giornalino della domenica in Italy and Shonen Sekai (and other books for children) in Japan, both of which targeted for the children as readers.
State and nationalism, or national consciousness have much to do with the formation of fascism. Therefore, what kind of national consciousness they had specifically assimilat- ed during their childhood would be crucial in considering the mental ground for young people to stand for and to take part in the fascistic movement in the near future.
In Italy, the homeland of fascism, Corradini’s and Associazione Nazionalista Italiana (Italian Nationalist Association)’s nationalism deserved the mainstream of nationalism which would flow into fascism. But Luigi Bertelli (Vamba) and Il giornalino della domenica proposed another type of nationalism and national consciousness, seeking independence without colonialism and emphasizing goodwill as human being. They treated children not as inferior but as equal, which was well epitomized in the Confederazione Giornalinesca (Confederation of Subscribers to Il giornalino della domenica). But such kind of nationalism would scarcely receive public attention and faded away before the WWI began.
In Japan, the Meiji government sought centralization and successfully accomplished it. With assistance of careerism and indoctrination centered on emperor and state, Shonen Sekai and other books for children did didactically support such kind of centralization""from above,"" which helped to induce militarism as well as aggressive nationalism in children. In that sense, a kind of single track was laid from nationalism to militaristic fascism in Japan.
In general, both Japanese and Italian nationalism has an inclination to colonialism and aggressive attitudes. But Il giornalino della domenica exemplified another possibility of nationalism which would not turn into fascism. In Japan, on the contrary, Shonen Sekai was quite instrumental in proposing aggressive nationalism and colonialism, which would lead to militaristic fascism in the end. Il giornalino della domenica and Shonen Sekai, both of which aimed to educate children, showed good contrasting and paradoxical examples of nationalism in the beginning of 20th century.departmental bulletin pape
The Themes of Urakawa Bethel's House : A Text Mining Study of a Three-Way Conversation
Get PDFapplication/pdf本研究の目的は、向谷地生良・川村敏明・清水義晴の鼎談から、浦河べてるの家誕生以来の思想と実践を貫くものについて文中のキーワードを手がかりに分析・考察し、一貫して流れる浦河べてるの家の哲学の現代的意義を改めて確認し、コミュニティ援助の在り方としての考え方への手がかりを得ることである。『「べてるの家」に学ぶ』における3人の発言をテキストマイニングにより分析した。ソーシャルワーカー、精神科医、映画制作者とそれぞれの立場からの発言の特徴が抽出された。「主旋律」という単語において浦河べてるの家の特徴である人間の弱さに対する共感の重要性が見いだされた。それらに一貫するのは、悩みや問題を排除しようとするのではなく、悩みを抱え込んで悩み続けようとする場所の尊重であった。コミュニティ援助への示唆として、「弱さ」のもつ創造性を公開し、発見したことを共有することで、みんなで生きていく開かれた関係をつくることであ り、「べてるの家」的なものは、様々な場でつくれる可能性があるのではないか。研究ノートdepartmental bulletin pape
The Ontology of Withdrawal (3) : The Vibrant Voices of Ambience Through ISHIMURE Michiko
Get PDFapplication/pdfThis section addresses literary texts written by Michiko 石牟礼道子.In the first section (Ueno, 2018), I have already analyzed some passages by Jean Genet to articulate ontologically the notion of withdrawal in both things and humans.
This section, with a similar intention, also explores Ishimure’s literary works from several perspectives. How does Ishimure’s ecocritical discourse contribute to the elaboration of ontology of withdrawal?departmental bulletin pape
Economic Growth in Indonesia after WWII and Japanese Shosha I : A case of Nomura Trading Co., Ltd.
Get PDFapplication/pdf資料紹介departmental bulletin pape
Mutsuo Yamamura, Formation and Development of Society of Japanese Residents in Shanghai, Expansion of Japanese Investment and Japanese Economic Organization
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