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A New Approach to Roman Religion : Jorg Ri.ipke's Pantheon
Get PDFapplication/pdfProfessor Jorg Rupke (1962- ) is Professor of Comparative Religion and Permanent Fellow in Religious Studies at the Max Weber Center, University of Erfurt, Germany. He is an authority on the religions of the ancient Mediterranean regions, and has written many books on this topic, including Pantheon: A New History of Roman Religion, Princeton University Press, 2018 on which this article mainly focuses and intends to elucidate the academic value of.
The religious situation in the Mediterranean region was very complex even in prehistoric times, judging from archeological discoveries: Greeks, Phoenicians, Etruscans and Romans were trading and at the same time exchanging their religious ideas. The religious situations became more complicated later, through the period of the Roman Republic down to the time of late antiquity. The Roman Empire held a great expanse of territory extending from the British Isles in the west to the Pontic in the east, from Germania in the north to North Africa in the south. In these regions, there were a large number of different kinds of religions: the official state religion of Rome, Emperor worship, many mysteries such as the Dionysiac, Eleusinian, and Mithraic mysteries, as well as Judaism and Christianity.
The history of Roman religions has been a traditional branch of the history of religions since the beginning of the discipline, from Theodore Mommsen, Georg Wissowa, and Walde Fowler of the nineteenth century down to Franz Cumont, Kurt Latte, M. J. Vermaaseren, and John North in the twentieth century. Professor Rupke is the inheritor of this honorable tradition. Pantheon, Professor Rupke’s book mainly discussed in this article, is the latest overview of the fascinating Roman religious history.
\n本稿はドイツの比較宗教学者・古典文献学者のイェルク・リュプケ（Jorg Rupke, 1962- ）氏による近年のローマ宗教史の概説『パンテオン』（プリンストン大学出版会、二〇一八年）の紹介を中心とする。リュプケ氏は古代地中海世界についての考古学、歴史学などからの最新の成果を摂取し、ローマ宗教の歴史をイタリア半島の先史時代から説き起こして、その後の共和政期、帝政期、そしてローマ帝国のキリスト教国教化に至って、ローマ宗教の一貫性が終焉を迎える時期までの一千年以上にわたって記述している。
『パンテオン』の学説史上の意義を見極めるには、二つの視座からの本書の位置づけも併せて必要と考えるので、それを最初に行ったのちに、『パンテオン』自体の紹介と検討に入る。位置づけのための視点の一つは、現在の古代地中海世界の宗教史研究の動向の紹介である。ローマ宗教史は周辺諸地域の宗教史とともに研究されてこそ、相対化・客観化が可能なので、そうした古代地中海世界の宗教の枠組みでの研究についても触れておきたい。そして第二の視点は、本書以前のローマ宗教史研究がどのようであったかの紹介である。これらの視点への言及があってこそ、本書の独自性、革新性がより納得されることになると思われる。departmental bulletin pape
An AI-based Simulation Analysis of Exchange Rate Fluctuations Due to Widening Gap between Domestic and Foreign Interest Rate
Get PDFapplication/pdfSince January 2020, the spread of COVID-19 infections around the world has forced socio-economic activity to stagnate. As a result, the world economy has fallen sharply. However, as the government and the Bank of Japan implemented measures against COVID-19 and large-scale monetary easing policies, the monetary base expanded rapidly after April 2020, which supported the economy. Similarly, in the United States, at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, the monetary base expanded rapidly due to abundant supply of funds such as cash benefits. Although the economy temporarily slumped, the economy continued to recover from the third quarter of 2020. The Nikkei Stock Average temporarily hit the highest price after the burst of the bubble economy and exceeded 30,000 yen. In addition, the US stock market has become overheated, with the Dow Jones Industrial Average hitting a record high.
On the other hand, mutants of COVID-19 appeared one after another, and the main strains of infection changed to Delta strains and Omicron strains, and the wave of infection was repeated each time, but the number of newly infected people gradually decreased. In developed countries such as the United States and European countries, the third inoculation of the new corona vaccine is progressing, and we are looking for a new social step toward post-corona. Under these circumstances, Japan's monetary policy continues its monetary easing policy toward the BOJ's achievement of the "price stability target" of 2 ％ . However, in the United States, the economy is recovering, the consumer price index is rising sharply, and there is a growing sense of caution about inflation. In May 2020, the Fed raised the Federal Funds Rate by 0.5 points and switched from monetary easing to monetary tightening. The interest rate gap between Japan and the United States has also become clearer, and the yen / dollar exchange rate has been depreciating rapidly since March 2022. This paper analyzes the impact of the interest rate gap between Japan and the United States on the yen / dollar exchange rate and the economy. In addition, we will build an analytical model using AI to simulate the correlation between interest rate gap and exchange rates. Furthermore, we will consider the results and show the findings obtained regarding the interest rate gap and the yen / dollar exchange rate.departmental bulletin pape
