Institut für Höhere Studien - Institute for Advanced Studies
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Allmähliche Erholung der Investitionstätigkeit. Winter-Prognose der österreichischen Wirtschaft 2025–2027
Full text linkDiscursive Politics of “AI Agents”: Examining how OpenAI, Amazon, ByteDance, and Alibaba Discursively Position Agent-related Offerings
No full textAbfallwirtschaft der Zukunft: Designaspekte für Abfalltrennung im öffentlichen Raum
Full text linkAbfälle im öffentlichen Raum rücken zunehmend in den Fokus, da sie nicht nur sichtbar sind, sondern auch wertvolle Ressourcen enthalten, die bisher kaum getrennt gesammelt werden. Gleichzeitig mangelt es an Daten und Forschung, welche die Abfallcharakteristika sowie die vielfältigen Bedürfnisse der beteiligten Akteur:innen (Anbieter:innen, Instandhalter:innen, Konsument:innen) beleuchten. Die vorliegende Studie untersucht, wie ein System zur Abfalltrennung im öffentlichen Raum gestaltet werden kann und welche Einflussfaktoren dabei eine Rolle spielen. Ein interdisziplinäres Forschungsprojekt bildet die Grundlage für einen Katalog von Gestaltungsempfehlungen, der sich in die drei Schwerpunkte Standort und Anordnung, Behälterdesign sowie Information und Kommunikation gliedert. Am Standort sind Faktoren wie Bewegungspfade, Abfalltrennfraktionen sowie die bestehende umliegende Infrastruktur relevant. Beim Behälterdesign spielen Funktionalität und vertraute, klar gekennzeichnete Behälter eine zentrale Rolle, die intuitiv zu bedienen sind. Kommunikation und Information sind entscheidend, um Konsument:innen zur korrekten Abfalltrennung zu motivieren. Eine einfache und verständliche Kennzeichnung der Behälter ist dabei von zentraler Bedeutung. Trotz des geringen Gesamtaufkommens hat der Abfall im öffentlichen Raum aufgrund seines hohen Wertstoffgehalts und Sichtbarkeit eine besondere Bedeutung für das allgemeine Bewusstsein zur Abfalltrennung. Die Studie zeigt jedoch auch Herausforderungen auf, insbesondere die Etablierung der Abfalltrennung als soziale Norm im öffentlichen Raum. Die Ergebnisse der Studie unterstreichen die Notwendigkeit eines interdisziplinären Ansatzes, der Erkenntnisse aus Abfallwirtschaft, Sozialwissenschaften und Design gezielt verknüpft, um nachhaltige Lösungen zu entwickeln und Abfalltrennung im öffentlichen Raum zu fördern.
Waste from public spaces is gaining attention due to its visibility and the valuable resources it contains. However, there is a lack of data and research that examines the waste characteristics and considers the diverse needs of the actors involved (providers, maintenance, consumers). This study centers on how a waste separation system in public spaces can be designed by identifying key influencing factors. Based on an interdisciplinary research project, a catalogue with configuration recommendations was developed, divided into three main areas: location, container design , and information and communication . In terms of location, factors such as movement pathways, sorting fractions as well as existing surrounding infrastructure are relevant. In terms of container design, the emphasis is on functionality and the use of familiar, clearly labelled containers that users can easily handle. Communication and information are crucial for motivating consumers to separate their waste correctly, with simple and easy-to-understand labelling. Despite representing a small proportion of total municipal waste, public waste is of particular importance due to its high recyclable content and visibility, which strongly influences public perception on waste separation. The study also highlights challenges, especially in establishing waste separation as a social norm in public spaces. The findings emphasize the importance of an interdisciplinary approach that integrates insights from waste management, social sciences, and design to develop sustainable solutions and promote waste separation in public spaces
Multi-layered sampling strategy for qualitative interviews: methodical reflections on sampling interviews with the European Research Council review experts
Full text linkInterviews are one of the primary methods of collecting empirical data in qualitative research. Given their significance, various aspects of interviewing have undergone methodological scrutiny by scholars aiming to refine the method and enhance its effectiveness. This article reflects on the process of selecting informants for expert interviews and proposes a systematic approach to sampling informants for expert and elite interviews. Specifically, we outline the process of selecting a subset of interviewees from a group of over 1,200 experts. Crucially, each individual in this population is identifiable by name, and there are discernible, meaningful differences among them that are visible to the researchers. Under these conditions, we propose a reflexive and systematic approach to stratified random sampling to diminish potential biases. This multi-layered sampling strategy not only minimises bias but also offers insights into the overall structure of the population of experts, providing essential contextual knowledge for analysis
Ein Leben ohne eigenes Auto? Reine Appelle bringen nichts
No full textWer im Autoland Österreich etwas bewegen will, muss auf pragmatische Maßnahmen setzen. Die verhaltensökonomische Forschung liefert Ansätze, wie Carsharing den Privat-Pkw in der Stadt ersetzen kann
Frühlings-Prognose der österreichischen Wirtschaft 2025–2026. Drittes Rezessionsjahr verstärkt Reformdruck
Full text linkUsing income-based caps to protect people from user charges for health care. Lessons from Austria, Belgium, Germany and Spain
Full text linkA small number of countries in Europe protect people from user charges for health care by setting a limit – a cap – on co-payments. Some of these countries go a step further and link the cap to income, so that it gives greater protection to people with lower incomes. Linking caps to income enhances equity and efficiency in the use of public funds and softens the impact of the cap on the health budget. This brief summarizes the use and impact of income-based caps in Austria, Belgium, Germany and Spain and draws lessons for the four countries and for other countries concerned about the negative effects of user charges on affordable access to health care
Sustainable Finance Literacy Predicts Investment Behavior Beyond General Financial Literacy: Evidence from Two Representative Samples
Full text linkSustainable finance literacy (SFL) is emerging as an essential complement to traditional financial literacy, crucial for enhancing sustainable investments that play a key role in addressing climate change and enabling individuals to avoid greenwashed products. In two large-scale studies with representative Austrian samples (N = 1,047; N = 1,510), we introduce a comprehensive SFL inventory and demonstrate its predictive power for investment behavior in both an incentivized framed field experiment and in self-reported investment behavior. Individuals with higher SFL made greater sustainable and non-sustainable stock market investments, and were more adept at identifying and avoiding potentially greenwashed products. Furthermore, SFL demonstrated more explanatory power than did general financial literacy, for both experienced investors and non-investors. Our findings underscore the need for enhanced SFL education and policy measures to foster the growth of sustainable finance and safeguard investors from deceptive sustainability claims
