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Diphteri outbreak investigation in restricted islamic boarding school Boyolali district, Central Java province, Indonesia 2018
No full textBackground: On May 13, 2018 at 10.08 a.m, Boyolali District Surveillance Officer (DSO) was informed by the Head of the Boyolali Health Office Disease Control Division via the WhatsApp group (WA), that there was found one diphtheria-suspected patient from El-Abror Islamic Boarding School in Candi, Ampel sub-district. Suspected patien was referred from Sumber Waras Health Clinic to Pandan Arang Public Hospital (RSUPA) in Boyolali district, Central Java province to be isolated in an isolation room. Investigation aims to explore the information regarding the spread of risk factors of diphtheria in the El-Abror Islamic boarding school. Methods: Data were collected through interviews and field observations to all male students, female students, teachers and residents living in the El-Abror Islamic boarding school 147 in total. The criteria for the cases used are those diagnosed with fever of more than 37C who live in the El-Abror boarding school from April 10, 2018 to May 24, 2018. Results: The index case in this diphtheria outbreak was 2 female students who were diagnosed with symptoms of fever, tonsillitis, pseudomembrane who treated at the Pandan Arang Hospital (RSPA) in Boyolali district. during the investigation had found 20 diphtheria-suspect in total. Attack rate (AR) based on sex,female group (55%) was higher in comparing to male group (31.03%). Attack rate (AR) based on age, most suspects were found in the 11-15 year age group (63.15%). There were no cases of death in this diphtheria outbreak (CFR = 0%). Risk factors for transmission are immunization status and lighting conditions and ventilation that did not meet the healthy home criteria. Conclusions: ORI (Outbreak Response Immunization) has done as intervention for tackling this outbreak. Sustainability of surveilance system should be developed for primary health worker to monitor and evaluate immunization program. DSO (District Surveilance Officer) should engange community to develop immunization program by increasing health promotion in Islamic Boarding School
Determinants of physiotherapy compliance for low back pain patients in Medan Teaching Hospital 2016
Get PDFPurpose: The high rate of non-compliance with physiotherapy was 71.7% in LBP patients in Medan Education Hospital in 2016. The purpose of the study was to determine the variables that are related and most related to compliance with physiotherapy.Method: The sample size of the cross-sectional study was 125 people and was chosen by simple random sampling. The type of data used is primary data through direct interviews with LBP patients who do physiotherapy at Medan Teaching Hospital using a questionnaire. Result: The results of data processing obtained the value of RP family income of 0.764 (0.337-1.732), p>0.005 not related to compliance with physiotherapy. The role of health workers is Rp. 2.453 (1.084-5.550), p<0.005 and accommodation values are Rp. 3,076 (1.159-8161), p<0.005 related to Compliance with physiotherapy. Conclusion: Accommodation is the variable most associated with compliance with physiotherapy so that the estimated number of RP is 1.897 with 95% CI (1.210-2.974) and p <0.050. LBP patients with adequate accommodation are estimated to give an opportunity 1.897 times to obey physiotherapy
Analisis spasial keterjangkauan retailer rokok terhadap perilaku merokok pada siswa SMA di kecamatan Wangi-Wangi dan kecamatan Wangi-Wangi Selatan kabupaten Wakatobi
No full textSpatial analysis the affordability of cigarette retailers on smoking behaviour high school students in Wakatobi DistrictPurpose: This study aims to analyze the spatial relationship of the affordability of cigarette retailers to the smoking behavior of high school students in the district. Wangi-Wangi and South district Wangi-Wangi, Wakatobi Regency.Method: This type of research is an analytical survey, using a cross-sectional design. With 94 samples taken randomly using a purposive sampling method.Results: Chi-square statistical tests show affordability of retailers (ρValue = 0.048), and friend smoking behavior (ρValue = 0.010) there is a statistical relationship with smoking behavior of high school students, GeoDa spatial regression test shows that affordability of retailers (p = 0.00922), friend's smoking behavior (p = 0.00204) and parents' smoking behavior (p = 0.03181) there is a spatial relationship with smoking behavior. Moran's Index is in the range of 0 <I ≤ 1 indicating positive spatial autocorrelation.Conclusion: There is a spatial relationship between the affordability of retailers, friend smoking behavior and smoking behavior of parents with smoking habits of high school students in Wangi-Wangi District and WangiWangi South District, Wakatobi Regency.Latar belakang: Indonesia masih menjadi negara ketiga dengan jumlah perokok aktif terbanyak di dunia (61, 4 juta perokok), setelah China dan India. Tahun 2013 proporsi penduduk di Indonesia pada umur ≥10 tahun menurut karakteristik. Proporsi terbanyak perokok aktif setiap hari pada umur 30-34 tahun sebesar 33,4 %, umur 35-39 tahun 32,2 %, sedangkan proporsi perokok setiap hari pada laki-laki lebih banyak dibandingkan perokok perempuan 47,5%. Berdasarkan data Susenas 2015, sebanyak 0,21 % usia 5-14 tahun telah menghisap rokok. Kemudian 19,65 % perokok berusia 15-24 tahun (Susenas, 2015). Data Prevalensi penduduk yang merokok di provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara tahun 2013 sebesar 21,8% untuk perokok aktif, 4,2 %. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisi hubungan spasial keterjangkauan retailer rokok terhadap perilaku merokok siswa SMA di Kec. Wangi-wangi dan Ke. Wangi-wangi Selatan Kabupaten Wakatobi. Metode: Jenis penelitian ini adalah survey analitik, mengunakan rancangan crossectional. Dengan jumlah sampel 94 yang diambil secara acak menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Hasil: Uji statistik Chi-square menunjukkan keterjangkauan retailer (ρValue= 0,048), dan perilaku merokok teman (ρValue= 0,010) ada hubungan dengan perilaku merokok siswa SMA, Uji regresi spasial GeoDa menunjukkan bahwa keterjangkauan retailer (p=0,00922), perilaku merokok teman (p= 0.00204) dan perilaku merokok orang tua (p= 0.03181) terdapat hubungan spasial dengan perilaku merokok. Simpulan: Terdapat hubungan spasial antara keterjangkauan retailer, perilaku merokok teman dan perilaku merokok orang tua dengan kebiasaan merokok siswa SMA di Kecamatan Wangi-wangi dan Kecamatan Wangi-wangi Selatan Kabupaten Wakatobi
Faktor Determinan Penolakan Imunisasi di Desa Bonjor Kabupaten Temanggung Tahun 2018
No full textDeterminant factors immunization refusal in Bonjor Village Temanggung DistrictPurpose: Temanggung district is one of two districts in Central Java that have refusal immunization. Highest refusal immunization in Temanggung district located in Bonjor Village. Based on this, researchers wanted to see determinants of refusal immunization in Bonjor Village. Method: Study design was sequential explanatory mixed method used 1: 1 paired case-control study, which was equipped with qualitative sequential explanatory. Research sample were parents who refused and did not refuse their children to be immunized who lived in Bonjor Village. Quantitative analysis using bivariate analysis and multivariate analysis, while qualitative analysis using data triangulation.Results: Sample collected was 114 heads of families. The results of study showed that 58% respondents had education level of junior high school, 57% working as farmers and the average age of 31.75 years with youngest age was 19 years and oldest was 48 years. The results of multivariate analysis showed that mother's belief in breastfeeding (OR=5.54; 95% CI=1.91-16.05), vaccine was not an option in increasing immunity (OR=20.32; 95% CI=3, 98-103.68), and the experience of mothers that after immunization her child became fussy (OR = 3.92; 95% CI=1.32-1156) had a relationship with the refusal immunization in Bonjor Village, Temanggung District in 2018. Belief and experience of mothers about immunization supporting occurrence of vaccines is not an option in increasing immunity.Conclusion: Increasing knowledge and restoring public belief are initial choices for increasing immunization coverage. Refusal immunization problem cannot be solved by one sector but requires cross-sector cooperation.Tujuan: Kabupaten Temanggung merupakan satu dari dua kabupaten di Jawa Tengah yang terdapat penolakan imunisasi. Pada Kabupaten Temanggung penolakan imunisasi tertinggi yaitu pada Desa Bonjor. Berdasarkan hal tersebut peneliti ingin melihat faktor determinan penolakan imunisasi di Desa Bonjor. Metode: Desain studi sequential explanatory mixed method, menggunakan case control study berpasangan dengan perbandingan 1:1 yang di lengkapi dengan kualitatif sequential explanatory. Subjek penelitian adalah orang tua yang menolak dan tidak menolak anakanya untuk diimunisasi yang tinggal di Desa Bonjor. Analisis kuantitatif menggunakan analisis bivariat dan analisis multivariate sedangkan analisa kualitatif menggunakan triagulasi data. Hasil: Besar sampel yang berhasil dikumpulkan adalah 114 kepala keluarga. Hasil penelitian menunjukan 58% responden pendidikan SMP dengan 57% bekerja sebagai petani dan rata-rata usia 31,75 tahun dengan usia termuda 19 tahun dan usai tertua 48 tahun. Hasil analisis multivariate menunjukan bahwa kepercayaan ibu terhadap pemberian asi (OR=5,54; 95% CI= 1,91-16,05), vaksin tidak sebagai pilihan dalam meningkatkan kekebalan tubuh (OR=20,32; 95% CI=3,98-103,68) dan pengalaman ibu setelah imunisasi anak menajdi rewel (OR=3,92; 95% CI=1,32-1156) memiliki hubungan dengan penolakan imunisasi di Desa Bonjor Kabupaten Temanggung tahun 2018. Kepercayaan dan pengalaman ibu tentang imunisasi mendukung terjadinya vaksin tidak sebagai pilihan dalam meningkatkan kekebaan tubuh. Kesimpulan: Peningkatan pengetahuan dan mengembalikan kepercayaan masyarakat menjadi pilihan awal untuk meningkatkan cakupan imunisasi. Permasalahan penolakan imunisasi tidak bias diselesaikan oleh satu sektor tetapi memerlukan kerjasama lintas sektor.
Pregnancy Health Literacy with Low Birth Weight Outcome in North Lombok Regency
Get PDFPregnancy health literacy with low birth weight outcome in North Lombok Regency: secondary data analysis of PEER Health SHS-LBW intervention studyPurpose: To analyze the relationship between pregnancy health literacy with low neonatal birth weight.Method: This study is a secondary data analysis of Peer Health study intervention in North Lombok using a nested case control design. This study was conducted on 289 women. The Case group consists of 73 women with LBW and the control group consists of 216 women with non-LBW. Analysis of bivariate results of the study using chi square.Results: The results of this study indicate an association of pregnancy health literacy with LBW. Lesser exposure to pregnancy health information (OR: 2.76, 95% CI: 1.55-4.95) as well as the lesser exposure to pregnancy care (OR: 2.07, 95% CI: 1.16-3.67) associated with the greater LBW birth.Conclusion: The improvement of pregnancy health literacy through health promotion for pregnant women can improve pregnancy health and prevent LBW.Background: Low Birth Weight (LBW) is one of the main contributor for infant mortality and is influenced by maternal pregnancy status such as pregnancy health literacy. Women with low literacy levels tend to have difficulty in learning and following new information directions, thus affecting the level of health knowledge during pregnancy to birth, and obstetric health behavior.Objective: To analyze the relationship between pregnancy health literacy with low neonatal birth weight.Method: This study is a secondary data analyzed of Peer Health study intervention in North Lombok that using a nested case control design. This study was conducted on 289 women. Cases group consists of 73 women with LBW and control group consists of 216 women with non-LBW. Analysis of bivariate results of the study using chi square.Results: The results of this study indicate an association of pregnancy health literacy with LBW. Lesser exposure to pregnancy health information (OR: 2.76, 95% CI: 1.55-4.95) as well as the lesser of pregnancy care (OR: 2.07, 95% CI: 1.16-3.67) associated with the greater of LBW birth.Conclusion: The improvement of pregnancy health literacy through health promotion for pregnant women can improve pregnancy health and prevent LBW
Akumulasi senyawa sianida, krom, mangan, besi pada air baku dan penilaian risiko kesehatan masyarakat di Kecamatan Babakan Madang Kabupaten Bogor
Get PDFPurpose: this study aims to obtain an overview of exposure to cyanide, chromium, manganese and iron exposure to raw water, as well as public health conditions in the Babakan Madang sub-district of Bogor Regency in 2017.Method: A cross-sectional study design, by Public Health Assessment ( PHA). The population in this study were residents of Kadumanggu Village, with a sample of 178 people. Environmental samples in the form of raw water sources, well water as many as 9 points and water times as much as 5 points. Results: In getting the average concentration of cyanide (CN), manganese (Mn), chromium (Cr), and iron (Fe) in well water respectively are 0,002 mg/L; 0.4 mg/L; 0.065 mg/L; and 0.04 mg/L. Based on the results of the analysis of the concentration data, RQ values of cyanide, manganese, chromium and iron were obtained in children, adolescents, and adults with a value of less than one (RQ <1).Conclusion: shows that there are no health effects caused by consuming well water in the area.
Persepsi iklim keselamatan pengemudi PT XYZ Yogyakarta: pengaruh usia, jenis kelamin, status pendidikan, dan masa kerja terhadap persepsi iklim keselamatan
No full textTujuan: Penelitian ini mengeksplorasi pengaruh usia, jenis kelamin, masa status pendidikan dan masa bekerja terhadap persepsi iklim keselamatan. Metode: Survey terhadap 339 responden pengemudi (driver) di Kota Yogyakarta menggunakan kuesioner NOSACQ-50.Hasil: Skor rata-rata persepsi iklim keselamatan lebih tinggi pada kategori usia lebih dari 50 tahun (skor 3,28), jenis kelamin laki-laki (3,13), tingkat pendidikan Diploma (3,18), dan masa kerja 8 tahun (3,23) dibandingkan dengan usia yang lebih muda, jenis kelamin perempuan, tingkat pendidikan yang lain, masa kerja yang lebih singkat. Jika dilihat setiap dimensi dari iklim keselamatan tersebut, dimensi Keadilan dalam Manajemen Keselamatan Kerja memiliki skor rata-rata terendah dibandingkan dengan dimensi yang lain.Simpulan: Pengemudi kelompok usia yang lebih tua yaitu >50tahun , berjenis kelamin laki-laki, berpendidikan Diploma dan telah bekerja lebih dari 8 tahun bekerja cenderung memiliki persepsi iklim keselamatan yang lebih positif daripada pengemudi kelompok usia muda, berjenis kelamin perempuan, pendidikan lain dan masa kerja lainnya karena lebih banyak memiliki pengalaman tentang kondisi lingkungan kerja sehingga mereka lebih memiliki kesadaran dan peduli terhadap keselamatan serta tahu cara menghadapi pelbagai karakteristik pelanggan (customer). Upaya untuk meningkatkan dimensi keadilan manajemen keselamatan kerja pengemudi adalah manajemen menyediakan aplikasi crosscheck yang dapat dipakai oleh driver dalam memberikan klarifikasi bila secara tiba-tiba driver terkena PM (Pemutusan Mitra) dari manajemen kantor atau menyediakan narahubung yang berasal dari manajemen kantor untuk menampung masalah tentang keselamatan driver pada tiap area, bagi customer adalah pihak manajemen bisa melakukan sosialisasi untuk memberikan pemahaman bila ingin memberikan teguran keras berdasarkan pelayanan driver
Pengembangan sistem informasi dan modifikasi formulir asuhan gizi sebagai upaya mempermudah pelaksanaan PAGT di RSU Haji Surabaya
No full textTujuan: Pelaksanaan PAGT di beberapa rumah sakit di Indonesia sangat efektif dalam meningkatkan asupan gizi, dan kadar gula darah pada pasien DM type 2, namun masih sulit dilaksanakan. Maka diperlukan upaya-upaya untuk mempermudah pelaksanaan PAGT di rumah sakit. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan upaya-upaya yang telah dilakukan oleh RSU Haji Surabaya. Isi: Upaya-upaya yang telah dilakukan diantaranya adalah (1) Pengembangan sistem informasi ‘Healthy Plus’. Sistem ini membuat dietisien tidak perlu lagi menunggu Para Pemberi Asuhan (PPA) lain seperti dokter, perawat atau apoteker dalam penggunakan medical record pasien, karena semua data yang diperlukan sudah ada pada sistem ini. (2) Modifikasi formulir asuhan gizi. Modifikasi formulir ini membuat dietisien tidak lagi menghafal kode, penulisan dignosa dan intervensi gizi yang cukup memakan waktu lama dalam pelaksanaannya. (3) Adapun modifikasi formulir asuhan gizi yang dimaksud adalah: telah disediakan kolom untuk mengisi data dietary, antropometri, biokimia dan fisik/klinik, pada tahap asesmen , sehingga tidak ada data yang terlupakan untuk diisi. Pada tahap diagnosis gizi (D), telah disediakan 20 diagnosis yang sering ditemui, sehingga dietisien cukup melingkari diagnosis yang sesuai kondisi pasien. Pada tahap rencana intervensi (I), juga disediakan pilihan yang linier dengan diagnosis gizi, sehingga dietisien cukup melingkari poin pada tujuan, target pemberian diet, perhitungan kebutuhan zat gizi pasien, konsistensi diet, jalur makanan serta jadwal dan frekwensi pemberian makanan. Pada tahap monitoring dan evaluasi (ME), tersedia formulir yang berbeda yang berisi kolom-kolom meliputi perkembangan data antropometri, biokimia, klinis dan dietary sekaligus kolom evaluasinya. (4) Adanya inovasi- inovasi ini meningkatkan capaian assesmen pasien dari 10.376 pasien di tahun 2013 menjadi 12.975 ditahun 2018. Lesson learned: Dengan adanya pengembangan sistem informasi dan modifikasi formulir asuhan gizi, pelaksanaan PAGT menjadi lebih mudah dilakukan. Hal ini bisa diadopsi rumah sakit lain terutama yang masih dalam pengembangan pelaksanaan PAGT
INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR DRUG MANAGEMENT OF PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS PATIENT
No full textAndroid and web-based application for monitoring patients with tuberculosis for puskesmas level programMulti-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR TB) is a challenge in every country with a high prevalence of TB, including Indonesia. MDR TB itself is influenced by many factors including the lack of discipline in taking medication due to forgetfulness or rejection from the patient. This study aims to design a prototype of the drug-taking companion management information system (PMO) of pulmonary tuberculosis patients. The stages of this design are system requirements analysis, logical design, physical design, and interface. The results of the prototype design will be tested with officers responsible for TB and supervisors taking medication. This android platform-based application helps supervisors to remind patients to take their medicine regularly and the dose. This application continues to be developed by fixing bugs and creating a channel for user complaintsMulti-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR TB) is a challenge in every country with a high prevalence of TB, including Indonesia. MDR TB itself is influenced by many factors including the lack of discipline in taking medication due to forgetfulness or rejection from the patient. This study aims to design a prototype of the drug-taking companion management information system (PMO) of pulmonary tuberculosis patients. The stages of this design are system requirements analysis, logical design, physical design, and interface. The results of the prototype design will be tested with officers responsible for TB and supervisors taking medication. Based on the results of the trial, it can be concluded that the application can be used to help supervisors take medication in monitoring patients to be regular and regular in taking medication. In addition, the application needs to add a complaints menu to record patient constraints during tuberculosis treatment
Pembaharuan sistem perekrutan SDM kesehatan melalui aplikasi Renbut SDMK online: berbasis transparansi
No full textTujuan: Memberikan masukan terhadap pembaharuan system penyusunan Renbut SDMK agar aplikasi renbut SDMK online dapat berbasis transparansi. Metode: Kajian ini menggunakan review study dari berbagai hasil penelitian terkait masalah SDM Kesehatan. Hasil: Sistem perekrutan SDM Kesehatan melalui aplikasi Renbut SDMK dapat diakses secara online, bersifat satu arah dan berjenjang dari instansi terendah sampai ke pusat. Setiap pengelola pada institusi terendah/fasilitas kesehatan hanya bisa menghitung, menyusun, dan mengusulkan renbut SDMK ke tingkat Badan Kepegawaian Daerah (BKD) kabupaten/kota, tanpa bisa memantau apakah usulan tersebut diakomodir oleh BKD kabupaten/kota, provinsi dan pusat. Begitu juga dengan pengelola aplikasi renbut di tingkat BKD kabupaten/kota dan provinsi, mereka tidak bisa memantau usulan renbutnya di tingkat pusat. System aplikasi seperti ini menimbulkan ketidaktransparansi usulan rencana kebutuhan, sehingga terjadi perbedaan usulan pengadaan SDMK di tingkat pusat dengan usulan dari fasilitas kesehatan, yang berdampak pada tidak terpenuhinya kebutuhan SDMK di daerah. Perbedaan usulan SDMK antara tingkat pusat dan fasilitas kesehatan terjadi di seluruh Indonesia karena system aplikasinya berlaku secara nasional. Kondisi ini menunjukkan pentingnya pembaharuan system penyusunan renbut. Kesimpulan: Kebutuhan SDMK di fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan sulit terpenuhi jika aplikasi penyusunan renbut SDMK belum berbasis transparansi. Kementerian kesehatan perlu memperbaharui Permenkes nomor 33 tahun 2015 khususnya pada pasal 1 mengenai pedoman penyusunan kebutuhan SDMK dan lampiran pedoman penyusunan renbut, perlu menambahkan poin penjelasan mengenai hak akses dari setiap pengelola aplikasi renbut pada setiap tingkatan yang ada, dari instansi terendah sampai ke tingkat pusat, untuk dapat memantau, memberikan informasi dan bertanya mengenai usulan renbutnya