JKAP (Jurnal Kebijakan dan Administrasi Publik)
Not a member yet
346 research outputs found
Sort by
Problem Kelembagaan Transisi Demokrasi Di Daerah
No full textSome scholars have focused their attention on the process of democratization at the local level They argue that democracy at the local level will encourage the emergence of democracy at the national level Furthermore, neo-institutionalism approach is important in supporting transition to democracy at the local level. The approach has applied particular policies, such as decentralization and strengthening local parliament, local government capacity, political culture and civil society. This approach, however, did not work properly. The interests of political and economic players at the local level often hamper the work of neo-institutonalism
approach
State And Modernisation Of Public Administration In Germany
No full textSetiap negara pada saat ini dihadapkan pada tantangan yang sama yaitu perlunya melakukan modernisasi sistim administmsi.Dalam perkembangan, kesamaan tantanganyang dihadapi tersebut menimbulkan trend dalam melakukan modernisasi sistem administrasi ,yaitu dengan meniru model perubahan yang dilakukan oleh negara yang dianggap berhasil. Namun demikian yang patut menjadi pemikiran adalah proses dalam melakukan perubahan tidaklah mungkin soma di setiap negara, karena hal tersebut sangat tergantung dengan karakteristik masing-maringnegara.
Sebagai negara sosialis, di jerman modernisasi administrasi diletakkan sebagai proses budaya administrasi yang dibentuk dengan tradisi. Model tersebut menitikberatkan pada perubahan dalam pola hubungan antara masyarakat dengan negara, dimana tidak semua hal diurusi negara, namun pada hal tertentu terdapat kebebasan bagi rakyat uniuk mengurusnya sendirilCarakteristik dari model tersebut adalah dengan dilakukannya rasionaliasasi ke dalam elan privatisasi dan pengaturan keluar. Rasionalisasi ke dalam, yaitu menciptakan model organisasi publik yang lebih independen dan tidak terikat dengan hirarki, yang selama ini menjadi kendala. 1.) Mengkaji Struktur yang lebih _fleksibel dalam menyesuaikan dengan perkembangan dan menempatkan personel7personel yang memiliki kapabilitas. 2.) Thivatisasi dan pengaturan ke luar dilakukan dengan mengurangiperan negara dalam berbagai halyang bisa dikelola mayarakat.Dengan model tersebut pemerintab lebih terlihat sebagai mangjer.
Namun berbeda dengan Anglo-American dengan "new public management" and "reinventing government"-nya,yang menekankan pada hubungan antarpelaku; model modernisasi di jerman lebih mengutamak,an pelaksanaan tugas yang sudah ditetapkan, dengan terpenuhnya kebutuhan masyarakat
Ekonomi Politik Kebijakan Penyiaran Indonesia: Aspirasi, Pilihan dan Realitas
No full textThe creation f new broadcasting laws in Indonesia was hindered by tensions between reformist groups bent on fundamental changes to the broadcasting system and conservative group which wanted to continue the status quo. In comparison to the previous broadcasting regulations under the Suharto regime, the new broadcasting law is aimed to changing the television broadcasting system in Indonesia so that it would be more democratic in ideas, institution and policies. The article argues that efforts were made to implement some of the ideals of democratic broadcasting system, but in practice these were weakly supported and their future in uncertain. Fundamental change in the new broadcasting system are still unclear. A new democratic political leadership does not control there regulation and restructuring of the new Indonesia broadcasting system. Rather, the some bureaucrats have reorganised themselves into new constellations
Peranan Negara Kuat dalam Pelaksanaan Demokrasi Lokal di Indonesia: Kasus di Sumatera Barat
No full textThe role of strong state to implement kical democracy is important for a state in transition. When decentralization laws UU No. 22/1999 and UU No. 25/1999 was applied, central had a lack of power to control local autonomy so that local government tends to use its power with wrong way. In this condition, the role of state is weak to manage local autonomy, as it has no effect to enhance local prosperity. Therefore, government amended UU No. 22/1999 and UU No. 25/1999 and issue of new decentralization laws UU no. 32/2004 and UU No. 33/2004. Both new decentralization laws become basic for strengthening the role of state to control local democracy in Indonesia. This paper explain teh role of strong state to employ local democracy in West Sumatra aas a subject in this study. With using structural functional approach, this paper shows that local democracy could be achieved because center had capacity to extract, distribute, regulate and reinforce the symbol of state in local society. We conclude by recommending the center for keeping the state strength to accomplish local democracy agenda
Strategi Peningkatan Penerimaan Pajak Bumi dan Bangunan (PBB) : Studi Kasus di Kabupaten Klaten
No full textIn order to get regional development fund in local government, it was done many ways to increase local income both from local revenue or out local revenue, one of income source that potentially increased is Land and Building Tax (hereafter called PBB). So that, there should be certain strategies that could increase the income of PBB in localgovernment
This paper deals strategic management approach to indentii, strategic factors, strategic issues and strategies that could be developed to increase the income of PBB. Thispaperis result of case study research in local government of Klaten. The result of strategic environment analysis (SWOT)for Revenue Office in local government of Klaten , it was identified 28 factor that influence the income of PBB, including 7 Strength , 6 Weaknesses, 9 Opportunities, and 6 Threats. From the analysis of both internal and external factors and after the litmus test and the evaluation of PEST aspect, it could be identfied4 most strategic issues in increasing the income of PBB in localgovernment of Klaten , there are the increasing valuation of object of PBB( hereafter talledNJOP), increasing the PBB intensification, PBB computerized and Data rejuvenation .
The recommended strategies for increasing the income of PBB in local government of .Klaten are :for responding the NJOP increasing issue, it recommended the strategy of evaluating, review, adjust the old ITT, and determine a new NJOP of NJOP of PBB, the strategy for responding data rejuvenation issue is optimized the registry, data collection and valuation of subject and object of PBB,. for responding the issue of increasing PBB intensification, the recommended strategy is optimizing PBB intensification, increase people and government awareness and closes the service and the recommeded strategyforreVodingPBB computerized issue is increasing and perfection a gstim of PBB computerized
New Trends of Public Policy Formulation in Developing Countries: a critical review on public policy making in Tanzania and in Indonesia
No full textKecenderungan umum yang terjadi di banyak negara di dunia, tidak terkecuali di negara berkembang, ialah pergeseran mekanisme perumusan kebijakan yang sebelumnya hanya terpusat pada aparat pemerintah kemudian mengarah ke arena publik dan melibatkan banyak komponen yang lebih luas. Perumusan dan proses perubahan kebijakan publik kini akan lebih banyak ditentukan oleh kekuatan dan kepentingan-kepentingan eksternal. Sebagian contoh menunjukkan bahwa munculnya kepentingan eksternal itu bisa merugikan rakyat. Keharusan untuk melakukan liberalisasi, keterlibatan Bank Dunia dan IMF yang mendikte sebagian kebijakan di negara berkembang, misalnya, merupakan salah satu contoh betapa kekuatan eksternal bisa saja menimbulkan dampak negatif bagi kedaulatan pemerintah dan bagi kepentingan rakyat. Namun secara umum keterlibatan lebih banyak kepentingan di luar pemerintah diharapkan akan lebih dapat mengontrol proses pembuatan kebijakan publik sehingga betul-betul sesuai dengan kebutuhan rakyat banyak.
Dengan menganalisis proses pembuatan kebijakan publik di Tanzania dan Indonesia. tulisan ini bermaksud menunjukkan pentingnya keterlibatan pihak-pihak di luar pemerintah yang sekaligus merupakan tema baru bagi perkembangan di dalam studi kebijakan publik. Kasus yang diangkat dalam analisis untuk Tanzania adalah proses pembuatan kebijakan yang menyangkut liberalisasi penjualan senjata api sedangkan kasus dari Indonesia ialah proyek mobil nasional dan perpanjangan kontrak eksploitasi tambang oleh PT Freeport
Membangun Pusat di Pinggiran: Pengembangan Wilayah Melalui Kerjasama Ekonomi Regional ASEAN
No full textFrom the centre, frontier region is seen as an area of underdevelopment that has not been seriously managed. The multidimensional crisis occuring in Indonesia is caused by --one of many-- centralised development which has been concentrated in Java and ignores frontier areas. Efforts of developing the centre in the frontier areas have significant prospect due to economic cooperation with neighbour countries.
The global era characterised by technological transformation and informational network have brought the society living in the frontier areas to the global environment. Globalisation has opened up isolation enabling the decision makers to build new centres in frontier areas in accordance to international economic cooperation. This trend of regional economic cooperation, creating new centres in the areas that were previously marginalised, can be observed in the region of ASEAN.
This paper discusses aspects of the trend toward regional economic cooperation and offers policy alternatives to achieve sustainable development in this region
Budaya Birokrasi dalam Konteks Transformasi Struktural: Antara Harapan dan Kenyataan
No full textThe form bureaucracy in a country basically reflects the interaction between value premise and factual premise. An effort in the reformation administration, which in reality, is a process for manipulating several determinants of bureaucracy so that the entire components of bureaucracy will be oriented towards the objeaisw, which is intended to be shaped through the development process, all requires a lot of consideration on the determinants of bureaucratic reformation earlier on mentioned This is because it is necessary to realize that some determinants of bureaucratic reformation often times, pass by the structural-pracediral dimension, psychological dimendon, economic and stuctural dmention, cod finalty the cultural dimention.
It is apparent that bureaucracy in Indonesia is signified by the coexistence between Weberian bireaucracy which onginatesfivm the west and the traditional bureaucracy which has its roots in the socio-cultural aspects of the place.
With due consideration to the conditions which have been pointed out above, this writing suggests that the process of bureaucratic transformation is not only able to make an emphasis on the formal aspects of a modfying system. In order that the administration reformation must point out not only at the industrialization process, but also on the phenomenon or the shape of the industrial society with the values which arc inherent in that particular society
Meningkatkan Kinerja BUMN: Antiipasi Terhadap Kompetisi dan Kebijakan Deregulasi
No full textThe problems concerning the state owned corporations are very closely related with the role of the national economy in development activities. Generally, the role of the national economy as reflected by the existence of the state owned enterprises is so, because oldie lack of the private sector to handle particular public problems. In Indenesio, the existence of :he state owned corporation is intended to manage the necessities of life for many people, as provided by Article 33 fine 1945 constitution. in developing the mission which must be handled by these state owned enterprises however, the role of the state owned corporations as agents of development is not achieved. This writing attemps to look normative concepts which must apply to the state owned corporations as public corporations and loosen the alternative criteria to evaluate the work of state owned corporations.
Basing on this analysis, it can be concluded that the major role of the state owned enterprises in future is to shift to the provision of public services, but not the extraction of natural resources any more. For this reason therehre, standard for evaluating the work of these state owned corporations must also be developed relating to the dimensions of public services like: efficiency, effectiveness, justness and perception
