Jurnal Kesehatan Komunitas
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Faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan komplikasi Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2
Get PDFType 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic disease with an increasing prevalence in Indonesia and globally. Complications from T2DM have serious impacts on the quality of life for patients. The increase in the number of complications in T2DM patients at Selasih Regional Hospital, Pelalawan Regency, is the main issue in this research. The study aims to identify risk factors associated with complications in T2DM patients at Selasih Regional Hospital, Pelalawan Regency. The research design used is a case-control study with a sample of 400 patients (200 cases and 200 controls). Cases are T2DM patients with complications, while controls are T2DM patients without complications. Case and control samples were taken using a systematic random sampling method. Data were collected from the medical records of Selasih Regional Hospital in 2023. Data analysis was conducted using chi-square tests and multiple logistic regression. The results showed that high cholesterol (OR=206.46), duration of DM (OR=79.62), high blood pressure (OR=22.54), and irregular check-ups (OR=4.43) were significantly associated with T2DM complications. Interventions to control cholesterol and blood pressure and to increase routine check-ups can reduce the risk of T2DM complications. Therefore, there is a need for increased education and health promotion programs from the hospital regarding diabetes management to prevent the occurrence of T2DM complications.Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2 (DM Tipe 2) merupakan penyakit kronis dengan prevalensi yang terus meningkat di Indonesia dan global. Komplikasi DM tipe 2 memberikan dampak serius bagi kualitas hidup penderita. Adanya peningkatan jumlah komplikasi pada pasien DM tipe 2 di RSUD Selasih Kabupaten Pelalawan menjadi permasalahan pada penelitian ini. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengidentifikasi faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan komplikasi pada pasien DM tipe 2 di RSUD Selasih Kabupaten Pelalawan.. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah kasus kontrol dengan sampel 400 pasien (200 kasus dan 200 kontrol). Kasus adalah pasien DM tipe 2 dengan komplikasi, sedangkan kontrol adalah pasien DM tipe 2 tanpa komplikasi. Sampel kasus dan kontrol diambil menggunakan metode systematic random sampling. Data dikumpulkan melalui rekam medis RSUD Selasih pada Tahun 2023. Analisis data dilakukan melalui uji chi-square dan regresi logistik ganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kolesterol tinggi (OR=206,46), lama menderita DM (OR=79,62), tekanan darah tinggi (OR=22,54), dan ketidakrutinan kontrol (OR=4,43) secara signifikan berhubungan dengan komplikasi DM tipe 2. Intervensi untuk mengontrol kolesterol, tekanan darah, dan peningkatan rutin kontrol dapat menurunkan risiko komplikasi DM tipe 2. Untuk itu, maka perlu adanya peningkatan edukasi dan program promosi kesehatan dari Rumah Sakit terkait pengelolaan diabetes, sehingga dapat mencegah terjadinya komplikasi DM tipe 2
Determinan Pajanan Pestisida Terhadap Kadar Haemoglobin Wanita Usia Subur (WUS) di Kecamatan Dempo Selatan Pagar Alam
Get PDFWomen of childbearing age (WCA) are important in the agricultural sector. The farming activities allow women of childbearing age to come into contact with pesticides. Women of childbearing age are at risk of experiencing health effects, one of which is anemia, due to exposure to pesticides. The study aimed to analyze the determinants of pesticide exposure to the blood Hb levels of WCA. This type of research is quantitative analytic with a cross-sectional study approach. The population of this study was WCA, which was exposed to pesticides in the South Dempo District of Pagar Alam. The sample size of this study was 120 women, who were taken using the cluster sampling technique. Data was collected using an interview method using a questionnaire, observation using a checklist, measurement of body weight using a weight scale, height using microtoise, and Hb level using Easy Touch GCHB. Data analysis of the study's results was carried out univariately and bivariate using the Chi-Square statistical test. The results of measuring blood Hb levels showed 39 people (32.5%) with abnormal Hb levels and 81 respondents (67.5%) with normal Hb levels. The bivariate analysis results showed that the variables associated with blood Hb levels of WUS were the duration of washing of spraying clothes (p=0.037) and the duration of preparing pesticides (p=0.037). In Contras, the variables that are not associated with blood Hb levels were the duration of spraying, the duration of mixing, the frequency of spraying, and the use of PPE. It was recommended that women of childbearing age reduce the length of time spent washing and spraying clothes and preparing pesticides through good time management.Women of childbearing age are a group that plays an important role in the agricultural sector not only in Indonesia but also in other agricultural countries around the world. The types of agricultural activities undertaken by WUS are sometimes the same as those of men, even those that allow contact with pesticides. Women of childbearing age in Pagaralam are at risk of experiencing health effects such as anemia, due to their exposure to Organophosphates. It is necessary to conduct research aimed at analyzing the determinants of pesticide exposure to the haemoglobin level in WUS as a basis for recommendations for efforts to prevent and overcome the effects of pesticide exposure. The design of this study was observational with a cross sectional study approach. The study population was women of childbearing age who were exposed to pesticides in the South Dempo District of Pagaralam, with a sample size of 120 WUS. Sampling using cluster sampling technique. Data collection was carried out through interviews using a questionnaire, observation using a checklist, measurement of body weight using a weight scale, height using a microtoise, and Hb levels using the Easy Touch GCHB tool. Data analysis of the results of the study was carried out univariately, and bivariate using the Chi- Square.The results of bivariate analysis of variables show that were significant with the haemoglobin level in women of childbearing age in South Dempo District were tenure, long time laundry spraying and length of time preparing pesticide. While variables that are not associated with haemoglobin levels are length of spraying, length of time mixed, frequency of spraying, and use of PPE. It is recommended that women of childbearing age reduce the length of time washing clothes spraying and the length of time preparing pesticides through good time management.
Keywords : Haemoglobin level, pesticide exposure, woman of childbearing ag
the Pengaruh Video Guided imagery terhadap Penurunan Dismenorea pada Remaja Putri
No full textThe prevalence of dysmenorrhea experienced by the majority of women of productive age in Indonesia is around 73%, with the incidence of primary dysmenorrhoea being 54.8%. Dysmenorrhea has a significant negative impact on academic performance both at school and during higher education which will affect academic achievement. The research aims to determine the effect of video-guided imagery on the adolescent dysmenorrhoea scale. The research used a quasi-experimental pre-post-one group design. The population in the study were young women who experienced dysmenorrhoea in the PMB area of Bengkulu City with a sample of 30 people taken using a purposive sampling technique. Research data was collected through pre-test and post-test and processed using the SPSS program. The results of data analysis showed: that there was a difference in scores between the pre-test and post-test results and there was an influence of video-guided imagery on reducing dysmenorrhoea in young women in PMB in the Bengkulu City area (p=0.00). It is hoped that video-guided imagery media can be used as an alternative for non-pharmacological pain reduction for every teenager who experiences dysmenorrhoea and trains adolescent cadres to socialize video-guided imagery in the management of dysmenorrhea for young women.Prevalensi dismenorea dialami oleh sebagian besar wanita usia produktif di Indonesia sekitar 73%, dengan kejadian dismenorea primer sebanyak 54,8%. Dismenorea mempunyai dampak negatif yang signifikan terhadap kinerja akademik baik di sekolah maupun selama pendidikan tinggi yang akan memengaruhi prestasi akademik. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh video guided imagery terhadap skala dismenorea remaja. Penelitian yang digunakan quasi eksperimen one group pre post test design. Populasi pada penelitian adalah remaja putri yang mengalami dismenorea di PMB wilayah Kota Bengkulu dengan sampel sebanyak 30 orang diambil dengan teknik purposive sampling. Data penelitian dikumpulkan melalui pre test dan post test dan diolah menggunakan program SPSS. Hasil analisis data didapatkan: ada selisih nilai pada hasil pre test dan post test dan ada pengaruh video guided imagery terhadap penurunan dismenorea pada remaja putri di PMB wilayah Kota Bengkulu (p=0.00). Diharapkan media video guided imagery dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif pengurangan nyeri secara non farmakologis kepada setiap remaja yang mengalami dismenorea dan melatih kader remaja untuk mensosialisasikan video guided imagery dalam penatalaksanaan dismenore bagi remaja putri
Pengaruh Pendidikan Kesehatan Menggunakan Leaflet Berbahasa Daerah terhadap Tingkat Pengetahuan Penderita Hipertensi di Desa Lambanan Kabupaten Mamasa
Get PDFHealth education is part of health efforts aimed at improving lifestyle and providing knowledge, especially about the dangers of hypertension and how to prevent it The aim of the research was to determine the effect of health education using regional language leaflets on the level of knowledge of hypertension sufferers in Lambanan Village, Mamasa Regency. The design in this research is quasi-experimental, with a one-group pre-post test research design and a sample size of 31 people. Data was collected using a culturally adapted hypertension education questionnaire (CAHE) for 2 weeks in August 2024. This study showed the pre-test group with an average score of 6.42 and the post-test group with an average score of 9.48. The conclusion is that the results of this study show that the p-value is 0.000>0.005 and that health education using regional language leaflets can be an alternative for increasing the knowledge of hypertension sufferers.Pendidikan kesehatan merupakan bagian dari upaya kesehatan yang bertujuan meningkatkan pola hidup serta memberikan pengetahuan terutama bahaya penyakit hipertensi beserta cara pencegahannya. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh pendidikan kesehatan menggunakan leaflet berbahasa daerah terhadap tingkat pengetahuan penderita hipertensi di Desa Lambanan Kabupaten Mamasa. Desain dalam penelitian ini adalah quasy experiment dengan rancangan penelitian one group pre-post test dengan besaran sampel 31 orang. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan kuesioner culturally adapted hypertension education (CAHE) dan berlangsung selama 2 minggu di bulan Agustus 2024. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan kelompok pre test dengan nilai rata-rata 6.42 yang tergolong mempunyai skor pengetahuan yang rendah pada kelompok post test dengan nilai rata-rata 9.48 yang tergolong mempunyai skor pengetahuan baik. Kesimpulan yaitu hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan dengan nilai p-value 0,000<0,05. Pendidikan kesehatan menggunakan leaflet berbahasa daerah dapat dijadikan alternatif dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan penderita hipertensi
Pengaruh Edukasi Perawatan Kaki Menggunakan Media Video Terhadap Perilaku Pencegahan Terjadinya Luka Diabetik pada Pasien Diabetes Militus
Get PDFDiabetes Mellitus (DM) occurs due to high blood sugar levels which can cause various complications. A chronic complication of DM in Indonesia is 15% diabetic foot. The role of education is very important to prevent the risk of diabetic wounds. This study aimed to determine the effect of providing foot care education with video media on the prevention of diabetic wounds in type 2 DM patients. The design of this study was pre-experimental with the type of One-group pretest-posttest design. The sample of this study amounted to 33 people with the Probability Sampling technique. The research instrument was a questionnaire sheet. The results of the univariate analysis were dominated by female respondents, average age 49.52 years, high school education level (48.5%), and household work (51.5%). The behavior of respondents before and after being given education using video has increased namely the mean knowledge value from 7.91 to 9.97, the mean attitude value from 29.67 to 31.73, and the mean value of action from 6.30 to 7.97. The results of the bivariate analysis could conclude that there was an effect of foot care education on the behavior of preventing diabetic wounds in type 2 DM patients. This study suggests to Payung Sekaki Health Center that foot care education with video media can be given to DM patients.Diabetes Melitus (DM) terjadi karena kadar gula dalam darah tinggi dapat menyebabkan timbulnya berbagai komplikasi. Komplikasi tahunan pasien DM di Indonesia adalah kaki diabetik sebesar 15%. Peran edukasi sangat penting untuk mencegah terjadinya risiko luka diabetik. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu mengetahui pengaruh pemberian edukasi perawatan kaki dengan media video pada pencegahan luka diabetik pada penderita DM tipe 2. Desain penelitian yang digunakan yaitu pre eksperimental dengan jenis One-group pretest-posttest design. Jumlah respondennya yaitu sebanyak 33 orang dengan teknik Probability Sampling. Instrumen penelitian ini adalah lembar kuesioner. Hasil analisa univariat yaitu didominasi oleh responden perempuan, usia rata-rata 49,52 tahun, tingkat pendidikan SMA (48,5%), serta pekerjaan IRT (51,5%). Perilaku responden sebelum dan sesudah dilakukan edukasi menggunakan video mengalami peningkatan yaitu nilai mean pengetahuan dari 7,91 poin menjadi 9,97 poin, nilai mean sikap dari 29,67 poin menjadi 31,73 poin, dan nilai mean tindakan dari 6,30 poin menjadi 7,97poin. Hasil uji statistic menunjukkan ada pengaruh edukasi perawatan kaki pada perilaku pencegahan terjadinya luka diabetik pada penderita DM tipe 2 dengan nilai p-value 0,000. Penelitian ini menyarankan kepada Puskesmas Payung Sekaki supaya edukasi perawatan kaki dengan media video dapat diberikan kepada pasien DM
Faktor-faktor yang Mempengarui Perilaku Seksual Anak Jalanan Perempuan di Kabupaten Banyumas
Get PDFSexual behavior is an attitude driven by sexual desire, both to the opposite or the same sex. In Indonesia, 1.2% of adolescents fall into free sex or sex before marriage. The most significant percentage was male adolescents or 1.9%. The same condition also occurred in the province of Central Java, with a percentage more significant than the national or 1.3% who had sexual intercourse, and the majority were male adolescents 1.1%. The study aimed to explore the factors affecting sexual behavior in female street children in Banyumas Regency. This qualitative study used a case study design that selected informants from street children in Banyumas Regency. In-depth interviews and observations were conducted in this research. The findings prove that the factors affecting the sexual behavior of street children in Banyumas Regency were knowledge, religious norms, socio-economics, the effect of friends, information media, and opportunities. In addition, other factors that affected the sexual behavior of female street children were parents, environment with friends, libido, and education. One factor did not affect sexual behavior, namely the consumption of alcohol and illegal drugs. So knowledge, religious norms, socio-economics, friends, media information, opportunities, parents, environment with friends, libido, and education affected sexual behavior.
Perilaku seksual adalah segala tingkah laku yang didorong oleh hasrat seksual, baik dengan lawan jenisnya maupun dengan sesama jenisnya. Di Indonesia terdapat sebanyak 1,2 % remaja terjerumus pada perilaku seks bebas yakni melakukan hubungan seksual sebelum menikah. Persentase terbesar dilakukan remaja laki-laki yakni 1,9 %. Kondisi yang sama juga terjadi di provinsi Jawa Tengah dengan persentase lebih besar dari nasional yakni sebanyak 1,3 % pernah melakukan hubungan seksual dan mayoritas dilakukan oleh remaja laki-laki 1,1 %. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengeksplorasi faktor apa saja yang memperngaruhi perilaku seksual pada anak jalanan perempuan di Kabupaten Banyumas. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan desain studi kasus. Informan penelitian ini adalah anak jalanan di Kabupten Banyumas. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan cara wawancara mendalam dan observasi. Hasil penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa faktor yang mempengaruhi perilaku seksual anak jalanan di Kabupaten Banyumas yaitu pengetahuan, norma agama, sosial ekonomi, pengaruh teman, media informasi dan kesempatan waktu. Selain itu juga ditemukan faktor lain yang mempengaruhi perilaku seksual anak jalanan perempuan yaitu orang tua, lingkungan pertemanan, libido dan pendidikan dan ditemukan 1 faktor yang tidak mempengaruhi perilaku seksual yaitu konsumsi miras dan obat obatan terlarang. Jadi pengetahuan, norma agama, sosial ekonomi, pengaruh teman, media informasi, kesempatan waktu, orang tua, lingkungan pertemanan, libido dan pendidikan merupakan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi perilaku seksual
Identifikasi Hambatan Pelaksanaan Evidence-Based Nursing oleh Perawat
Get PDFImplementing evidence-based nursing is an effort to improve the quality of nursing care by applying the best research results in carrying out patient care. However, its implementation still needs to be improved. This study aims to identify barriers to nurses' implementation of EBN. Descriptive research was conducted on 49 nurses in the surgical inpatient room of one of the government hospitals in Pekanbaru City. Data were collected using a questionnaire with a Likert scale. Data were analyzed univariately using frequency distribution. The results of the study found that the main things that hinder the implementation of evidence-based nursing are the number of patients to be treated (69.4%), lack of fluency in English (61.2%), lack of time to study research (53.1%) and lack of knowledge of nurses about scientific evidence-based care (51%). Workload and personal aspects become obstacles in the implementation of evidence-based nursing by nurses; it may be necessary to recalculate the workload so that the distribution of nurses becomes better and consideration to carry out training related to evidence-based nursing to improve knowledge and practice of evidence-based nursing by nurses.Penerapan evidence-based nursing (EBN) merupakan upaya untuk meningkatkan kualitas asuhan keperawatan dengan menerapkan hasil penelitian terbaik dalam melaksanakan perawatan pada pasien namun pelaksanaannya masih terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi hambatan pelaksanaan EBN oleh perawat. Penelitian deskriptif dilakukan terhadap 49 orang perawat di ruang rawat inap surgikal pada satu rumah sakit pemerintah di Kota Pekanbaru. Pengambilan data menggunakan kuesioner dengan skala likert. Data dianalisis secara univariat menggunakan distribusi frekuensi. Hasil penelitian menemukan hal utama yang menjadi penghambat penerapan EBN adalah banyaknya pasien yang harus dirawat (69,4%), kurang lancar berbahasa inggris (61,2%), kurangnya waktu untuk mempelajari penelitian (53,1%) dan kurangnya pengetahuan perawat tentang perawatan berbasis bukti ilmiah (51%). Beban kerja dan aspek personal menjadi penghambat dalam pelaksanaan EBN oleh perawat, mungkin perlu dilakukan perhitungan beban kerja kembali sehingga distribusi perawat menjadi lebih baik dan pertimbangan untuk melaksanakan pelatihan terkait EBN untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan praktik EBN oleh perawat.
The Relationship of Academic Stress, Self-Control, Social Exclusion with Smartphone Addiction in Junior High School Students
Get PDFThe phenomenon of smartphone addiction in junior high school students needs serious attention to identify the factors that influence it. This study aims to analyze the relationship between academic stress, self-control, and social isolation and smartphone addiction in junior high school students. This research used a quantitative approach with 216 class VII and VIII subjects at SMP Negeri 2 Palangka Raya obtained using quota sampling. Data was obtained using the Smartphone Addiction Scale, Educational Stress Scale for Adolescents (ESSA), Brief Self-Control Scale (SCS), and General Belongingness Scale (GBS), which was then analyzed using Spearman's rho correlation analysis. The results of the research show that there is a positive relationship between academic stress and smartphone addiction in junior high school students. There is no relationship between self-control and smartphone addiction in junior high school students. There is a positive relationship between social isolation and smartphone addiction in junior high school students. Levels of smartphone addiction and academic stress tend to be high, while levels of self-control tend to be low to medium, and levels of social isolation tend to be moderate to low. The research suggests that it is essential to pay attention to academic stress and social isolation in order to prevent or overcome smartphone addiction in junior high school students
Risiko Infeksi COVID-19 Pada Tenaga Kesehatan
Get PDFHealthcare workers are one of the groups at risk of COVID-19 infection. This study aims to determine the incidence of COVID-19 infection among healthcare workers in the Hospital. The research method used is cross-sectional. The study was conducted at Sulianti Saroso Infectious Disease Hospital (SSIDH) in March 2022. The sample in this study consists of healthcare workers at SSIDH who were infected with COVID-19, totaling 234 people. The source of secondary data is surveillance reports of healthcare workers infected with COVID-19 based on data from January-February 2022. The independent variable is the unit of work, and the dependent variable is COVID-19 infection. Data analysis was done univariately and bivariately. The results show that the majority of COVID-19 infections occurred in the category of more than 1x (>1x) with a total of 119 subjects (50.8%). High-risk work units in this study are the ICU, ER, Radiology, Laboratory, Central Surgical Installation, and negative pressure care rooms. Further analysis using the Chi-Square test yielded a P-value of 0.000. The conclusion drawn is that there is a relationship between work units and COVID-19 infection among healthcare workers.Tenaga kesehatan merupakan salah satu kelompok yang berisiko terinfeksi COVID-19. Tujuan penelitian ini mengetahui kejadian infeksi COVID-19 pada tenaga kesehatan di Rumah Sakit. Metode penelitian adalah cross sectional. Penelitian dilakukan di RSPI Prof Dr Sulianti Saroso pada Maret 2022. Sumber data sekunder laporan surveilans tenaga kesehatan yang terinfeksi COVID-19 berdasarkan data Januari-Februari 2022. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan antara unit kerja dengan infeksi COVID-19 pada tenaga kesehatan
Determinan Penggunaan Rokok Elektrik (Vape) pada Kalangan Remaja di Indonesia
Get PDFVaping is a form of changing conventional cigarettes into electronic cigarettes. Since 2014, the distribution of e-cigarettes throughout the world has become a trend and has reached various groups of consumers. In Indonesia, e-cigarette users continue to increase every year. GATS (Global Adult Tobacco Survey) findings in 2021 submitted by the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia found that there was an increase in the prevalence of e-cigarette users up to 10 times compared to the last survey in 2011, from 0.3% to 3% including in the world is increasing, especially in teenagers. This research aims to determine the determinants of electronic cigarette (vape) use among teenagers in Indonesia. This research uses a systematic literature study through searches using the Google Scholar site. The inclusion criteria are the article has been published in a journal, explains the factors of electronic cigarette/vape use among teenagers and the article can be downloaded while the exclusion criteria is the article only form an abstract. Based on these criteria, 13 articles were obtained. As a result, several factors influence the use of electronic cigarettes (vape) among teenagers in Indonesia. These factors include knowledge, perception of e-cigarettes, support from friends and family, cigarette information/advertisement, ease of access to e-cigarettes, price of e-cigarettes, and lifestyle influencing adolescent behavior in using e-cigarettes (vape). There needs to be a policy from the government to regulate the use of e-cigarettes in Indonesia.Vape adalah bentuk perubahan rokok konvensional menjadi rokok elektrik. Sejak tahun 2014, peredaran rokok elektrik di seluruh dunia menjadi tren dan menjangkau berbagai kalangan konsumen. Di Indonesia, pengguna rokok elektrik terus meningkat setiap tahunnya. Temuan GATS (Global Adult Tobacco Survey) pada tahun 2021 yang disampaikan oleh Kemenkes RI mendapatkan bahwa terjadi kenaikan prevalensi pengguna rokok elektrik hingga 10 kali lipat dibandingkan survei terakhir pada tahun 2011, yaitu sebesar 0,3 % hingga 3% termasuk di dunia juga semakin meningkat, khususnya pada remaja. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui determinan penggunaan rokok elektrik (vape) pada kalangan remaja di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan studi literatur yang sistematis melalui pencarian menggunakan situs Google Scholar. Kriteria inklusi yaitu artikel telah terpublikasi dalam jurnal, menjelaskan mengenai faktor penggunaan rokok elektrik/vape pada kalangan remaja dan artikel dapat di unduh sedangkan kriteria ekslusi yaitu artikel hanya berupa abstrak. Berdasarkan kriteria tersebut diperoleh 13 artikel. Hasilnya, terdapat beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi penggunaan rokok elektrik (vape) di kalangan remaja di Indonesia. Faktor-faktor tersebut antara lain pengetahuan, persepsi terhadap rokok elektrik, dukungan dari teman dan keluarga, informasi/iklan rokok, kemudahan akses terhadap rokok elektrik, harga rokok elektrik, gaya hidup mempengaruhi perilaku remaja dalam menggunakan rokok elektrik (vape). Perlu adanya kebijakan dari pemerintah untuk mengatur penggunaan rokok elektrik di Indonesi