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Activation of TRPV1 and TRPM8 Channels in the Larynx and Associated Laryngopharyngeal Regions Facilitates the Swallowing Reflex
Get PDFapplication/pdfThe larynx and associated laryngopharyngeal regions are innervated by the superior laryngeal nerve (SLN) and are highly reflexogenic. Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels have recently been detected in SLN innervated regions; however, their involvement in the swallowing reflex has not been fully elucidated. Here, we explore the contribution of two TRP channels, TRPV1 and TRPM8, located in SLN-innervated regions to the swallowing reflex. Immunohistochemistry identified TRPV1 and TRPM8 on cell bodies of SLN afferents located in the nodose-petrosal-jugular ganglionic complex. The majority of TRPV1 and TRPM8 immunoreactivity was located on unmyelinated neurons. Topical application of different concentrations of TRPV1 and TRPM8 agonists modulated SLN activity. Application of the agonists evoked a significantly greater number of swallowing reflexes compared with the number evoked by distilled water. The intervalbetween the reflexes evoked by the agonists was shorter than that produced by distilled water. Prior topical application of respective TRPV1 or TRPM8 antagonists significantly reduced the number of agonist-evoked reflexes. The findings suggest that the activation of TRPV1 and TRPM8 channels present in the swallowing-related regions can facilitate the evoking of swallowing reflex. Targeting the TRP channels could be a potential therapeutic strategy for the management of dysphagia.journal articl
Histochemical Characteristics of Tertiary Dentin Due to Calcium Hydroxide Paste in Rats
Get PDFapplication/pdfCalcium hydroxide is mainly used for dental pulp capping and it is thought that it induces hard tissue formation far better than other materials. Experimentally verifying this fact, Nishikawa et al revealed that bone-like dentin corresponding to tertiary dentin is rapidly formed when calcium hydroxide is applied directly to the pulp. Utilizing the same experimental system, histochemical study of the newly formed hard tissue (reparative dentin) was carried out and the results thereof were reported. Thick and irregular reparative dentin was formed in the pulp cavity and partial narrowing of the root canal was observed in m-CT. Histopathologically, the irregular reparative dentin increased its thickness obliterating the root canal having a diff erent Azan staining of aniline blue compared to primary dentin. Numerous cellular inclusion bodies were also trapped inside the thick dentin. Furthermore, with Schmorl’s thionine picric acid staining,
thick reparative dentin was noted around the pulp cavity and dentin. The dentin was densely stained with picric acid with diff erent staining ability from the surrounding dentin. In addition, it was clearly confi rmed that many cells were trapped in reparative dentin. The results of the experiment suggest that the characteristics of the newly formed reparative dentin is comparable to tertiary dentin.journal articl
矯正治療後に下顎の成長を認めた下顎前突症例
Get PDFapplication/pdfThis report describes late mandibular growth of patient with mandibular protrusion af-
ter orthodontic treatment including consideration about growth and development of man-dibular. A 15–year, 2 month old female patient presented with the chief complaint of crowding of upper and lower anterior teeth. The facial profile was concave type because of a skeletal Class 3 facial profile. The incisors were edge–to–edge bite. The molar relation-ship was Angle Class III protrusion. This patient was diagnosed as skeletal Class III pro-trusion with maxillary and mandibular incisors of edge–to–edge bite and crowding. After orthodontic treatment, the facial profile significantly improved and an acceptable occlusion was achieved. But 3 years later, late growth of mandibular was observed and the lower an-terior teeth were slightly crowding in retention phase.journal articl
Functional Role of HSP47 in the Periodontal Ligament Subjected to Occlusal Overload in Mice
Get PDF松本歯科大学博士（歯学）2016甲第203号application/pdfWe carried out an experiment to induce traumatic occlusion in mice periodontal tissue and analyzed the expression of HSP47. Continuous traumatic occlusion resulted to damage and remodeling of periodontal ligament as well as increase in osteoclasts and bone resorption. Four days after traumatic occlusion, osteoclasts did not increase but Howship’s lacunae became enlarged. That is, the persistent occlusal overload can destroy collagen fibers in the periodontal ligament. This was evident by the increased in HSP47 expression with the occlusal overload. HSP47 is maintained in fibroblasts for repair of damaged collagen fibers. On the other hand, osteoclasts continue to increase although the load was released. The osteoclasts that appeared on the alveolar bone surface were likely due to sustained activity. The increase in osteoclasts was estimated to occur after load application at day 4. HSP47 continued to increase until day 6 in experiment 2 but then reduced at day 10. Therefore, HSP47 appears after a period of certain activities to repair damaged collagen fibers, and the activity was returned to a state of equilibrium at day 30 with significantly diminished expression. Thus, the results suggest that HSP47 is actively involved in homeostasis of periodontal tissue subjected to occlusal overload.doctoral thesi
パノラマエックス線写真の骨粗鬆症スクリーニング指標と現在歯数との関連
Get PDF松本歯科大学大学院歯学独立研究科博士（歯学）学位申請論文要旨 ; 大学院歯学独立研究科 臨床病態評価学講座（主指導教員：山田 一尋 教授）application/pdfothe
Periodontitis induced by bacterial infection exacerbates features of Alzheimer's disease in transgenic mice.
Get PDFapplication/pdfPeriodontitis is a localized infectious disease caused by periodontopathic bacteria,such as Porphyromonas gingivalis. Recently, it has been suggested that bacterial infections may contribute to the onset and the progression of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, we do not have any evidence about a causative relationship between periodontitis and AD. In this study, we investigated by using a transgenic mouse model of AD whether periodontitis evoked by P. gingivalis modulates the pathological features of AD. Cognitive function was significantly impaired in periodontitis-induced APP-Tg mice, compared to that in control APP-Tg mice. Levels of Amiloid β (Aβ) deposition, Aβ40, and Aβ42 in both the hippocampus and cortex were higher in inoculated APP-Tg mice than in control APP-Tg mice. Furthermore, levels of IL-1β and TNF-α in the brain were higher in inoculated mice than in control mice. The levels of LPS were increased in the serum and brain of P. gingivalis-inoculated mice. P. gingivalis LPS-induced production of Aβ40 and Aβ42 in neural cell cultures and strongly enhanced TNF-α and IL-1β production in a culture of microglial cells primed with Aβ. Periodontitis evoked by P. gingivalismay exacerbate brain Aβ deposition, leading to enhanced cognitive impairments, by a mechanism that involves triggering brain inflammation.journal articl