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飲料水中フッ素の許容濃度に関する研究 第3編 児童の斑状歯発生とフッ素濃度の関係
Get PDFapplication/pdfBecause Japanese water supply laws prohibit fluoridation for the purpose of reducing dental caries, few reports exist on the relation between mottled teeth and the levels of fluoride concentration in drinking water consumed by Japanese children during the period of enamel formation. The upper limit of natural fluoride in drinking water is legally established at 0.8ppm. This threshold has recently been questioned, however, by research which has found moderate mottling in the enamel of school children whose water supply is below the 0.8ppm limit. We have accordingly undertaken this research to determine whether the consumption, during the enamel formation period, of drinking water with fluoride concentrations at or below the legal threshold can cause mottling. The data come from a small village which was supplied for a six-year period with water containing natural fluoride levels of 0.6-0.7ppm. The average annual temperature for the village is 12℃. We have examined the teeth of school children of this village over an 18-year period, including the six years in which fluoridated water was supplied. Among school children who consumed this water either throughout the enamel formation period of the incisors, or during the second half of this period only, ten had a moderate degree of mottling of the enamel. Mottling was not as severe, however, in children who consumed this water during the first half of the enamel formation period only. We conclude from these results that the legal threshold needs to be lowered from its current level of 0.8ppm, as the current limit can not assure the prevention of mottled enamel due to fluoride in drinking water.journal articl
有害金属拮抗薬DMSAおよびDMPSについて
Get PDFapplication/pdf2, 3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) and 2, 3-dimercapto-1-propanesulfonic acid Na salt (DMPS), have been studied extensively by Aposhian's group as promising substitutes for 2, 3-dimercaptopropanol (BAL), a widely used antidote for arsenic (but which has been subject to controversy due to undesirable side effects when used clinically), as well as for possible use against mercury, lead, and other heavy metal intoxication. In contrast with BAL, both DMSA and DMPS show lower toxicity and are effective when administered orally. Many clinical trials have proved DMSA safe and well tolerated by patients. On the whole, the efficacy as antidotes is the same for both DMSA and DMPS. However, the LD_50 of DMSA in mammals is almost 3 times greater than that of DMPS. In arsenic poisoned rats, DMSA promoted excretion of arsenic via urine, while DMPS eliminated the poison through the bile. This difference in the route of elimination accords with pharmacokinetic studies showing that DMSA is distributed mainly extracellularly, and DMPS mainly intracellularly. These contrasting distributions explain the lower toxicity of DMSA compared with DMPS. Accordingly, of these two metal chelating agents, DMSA appears the more likely candidate to receive recommendation as a clinically useful drug in the future.journal articl
下顎頭縦骨折の1症例 : CT三次元画像表示システムの応用
Get PDFapplication/pdfIt is difficult to detect a lesion of the condylar process through conventional radiography, because of its anatomical speciality. Computed tomography (CT) scan is known as a more useful measure for examining the condylar process than conventional radiographs. But it is difficult for a surgical operator to imagine a solid image from the planar pictures of usual CT scans. A case of bilateral condylar sagittal fracture is reported. In this case, no fracture line was visible through a conventional radiograph despite clinical symptoms which suggested the existense of condylar fracture. But with the use of a three-dimentional CT scaning system, this case could be diagnosed as bilateral condylar sagittal fracture.journal articl
思春期後期まで経過観察した下顎前突症の2治験例
Get PDFapplication/pdfTwo cases of mandibular protrusion were observed until the late adolescent growth period. In spite of indications that both had finished the adolescent growth spurt, Case I required re-treatment for relapse, whereas Case II maintained good occlusion. These two examples illustrate the difficulty in predicting posttreatment stability in cases of mandibular protrusion, and point out once again the necessity of long-term observation.journal articl
骨内インプラントの診断におけるX線CT撮影の応用
Get PDFapplication/pdfComputed tomography is the currently accepted method of objectively diagnosing for endosseous implants. In preparation for an endosseous implant, diagnosis and treatment planning are the most important factors for successful treatment. Until now the practitioner has used general X-ray examination, i.e., general filming with dental film, occlusal method and tomography such as orthopantomography, to establish the exact strategy for treatment. Although these methods have been available to support the establishment of treatment strategy, the information obtained was only two-dimensional. A three-dimensional display made from two-dimensional images allows the doctor to visualize the entire anatomical structure, and is increasingly becoming a valuable method in preoperative planning. In this paper, the authors describe the advantages of using a three-dimensional display of mandibular edentulous dry bone in preoperative planning. The vertical and/or horizontal distance between the mandibular canal and the alveolar process were measured. The results suggeste that computed tomography provides valualbe information when establishing the diagnosis and planning the treatment.journal articl
3姉弟にみられた顎変形症
Get PDFapplication/pdfThree cases of similar dentofacial deformities seen in two sisters and a brother are introduced and their orthodontic aspects considered. The first case showed excessive dentofacial deformity for which surgical orthodontic treatment was indicated, but at the patient's request orthodontic treatment alone was attempted with unsatisfactory results. The second case presented asymmetrical skeletal mandibular protrusion, which was satisfactorily treated with surgical orthodontic methods. In the third case, satisfactory results were obtainable with orthodontic methods alone, because treatment was begun during the mixed dentition period. Had this patient not received treatment he would certainly have developed the same mandibular asymmetry exhibited by his elder siblings. The results of the third case suggest an effective role for orthodontic treatment in the prevention of dentofacial deformities, and underscore the importance of early treatment.journal articl
エステラーゼ活性を利用した尿中白血球検出試験紙の検討
Get PDFapplication/pdfAn evaluation of a reagent strip (BM Test 6L: Boehringer-Mannheim Japan) for detecting leukocytes in urine (pyuria) is described. Detection is based on the esterase activity of leukocytes. Upon contact between the reagent matrix and leukocytes in urine, the substrate (indoxyl ester) is hydrolyzed by the esterase to indoxyl, which then couples with a diazonium salt to produce a purple azo dye. A total of 418 urine specimens were analyzed with the reagent strip, and by sediment microscopic examination for comparison. Using ten or more cells per high-power field as denoting significant pyuria, sensitivity and specificity of the strip were 85.5% and 83.4%, respectively. From these results, this reagent strip is considered a useful method for detecting leukocytes in urine. According to the results of interference studies, however, esterase activity was slightly affected by urinary pH, specific gravity, protein, and ascorbic acid.journal articl
昭和63年における冠・架工義歯に関する統計的観察 : その1 単独冠について
Get PDFapplication/pdfA study was made of 725 crowns which had been fabricated for patients at the Prosthodontic Clinic of Matsumoto Dental College during 1988. Some of results are as follows; 1) 47.8% of the patients were males and 52.2% were females. 2) 93.5% of the patients were between 20 and 69 years old. 3) Crowns of the upper abutment teeth were more numerous than for the lower abutment teeth. 4) 72.6% of the crowns were fabricated for nonvital teeth. 5) 48.4% of the crowns were fabricated as full cast crowns, 18.2% as facing crowns (14.5% as porcelain fused to metal crowns, 3.7% as resin facing crowns), 10.1% as jacket crowns (9.8% as resin jacket crowns and 0.3% as porcelain jacket crowns), 23.0% as partial coverage crowns and 0.3% as dowel crowns.journal articl