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Uber den 1. philosophischen Dialog vom jungen Medikus F. Schiller : "Der Spaziergang unter den Linden" (1782)
No full textPdepartmental bulletin pape
カエル水応答の中枢神経機序1.口蓋粘膜水刺激および三叉,顔面および舌咽神経刺激に対する脳幹ニューロンの応答
Get PDFapplication/pdfOur previous studies revealed that application of tap water to the oral mucosa in the frog elicits the oral reflex in which rhythmical movements of buccal respiration are depressed and the buccal pressure is elevated. In order to examine the pathway and central mechanism of this reflex, we studied the neural discharges in the brain stem elicited by water stimulation of the palatal mucosa and by simultaneously applied electrical stimulation of the glossopharyngeal, facial and trigeminal nerves. Among 33 neurons whose activity was recorded from the ventral side of the brain stem, three were motoneurons and nine were presumed to be premotoneurons, but 20 were of unidentified types. The interneurons with recorded activity were located lateral to the trigeminal motor nucleus and medial to the facial nucleus. No interneuron activity was observed in the caudal part of the brain stem.journal articl
Reagierungen des deutschen Publikums auf den japanischen Roman "WATANABE KAZAN" von FUJIMORI Seikichi
No full textPdepartmental bulletin pape
Shear Bond Strength of Brackets Rebonded with 4-META MMA Resin
Get PDFapplication/pdfThe purpose of this study was to determine the difference of the shear bond strength between new and rebonded brackets with a chairside cleaning method proposed by the authors. A preliminary study was carried out to examine the optimal cleaning time for both 4-META MMA resin (Superbond, Sun Medical, Kyoto, Japan) and Bis-GMA resin (Concise, 3M, Monrovia, California, USA) using acetone or chloroform. The 4-META MMA resin was completely removed by acetone (13 min.) and by chloroform (8 min.), while the Bis-GMA resin was not removed by either. The resin remnant on the bracket base was stained with alcohol-based ink and analyzed quantitatively under a microscope attached to a CCD camera and a computer analyzer. Stainless steel brackets with foil mesh base designs were bonded to twenty extracted human premolars with the 4-META MMA resin. All specimens were stored in water at 37℃ for 24 hours, and thermocycled 120 times from 4℃ to 60℃ before shear bond strength testing. Specimens were stressed to bond failure using an Autograph AG-5000D testing machine (Shimadzu, Kyoto, Japan). The bases of the debonded brackets were inspected for resin according to an adaptation of the adhesive remnant index (ARI) system. After recording of the shear bond strengths, the brackets were cleaned and rebonded to the same teeth and tested once more. The results revealed that the rebonding of the brackets even twice following the original bonding had no significant effect on the bond strength value. The capacity for rebonding of the same bracket by an easy and fast cleaning method is an advantage of the 4-META MMA resin over the Bis-GMA resin.journal articl
Dentistry in Brazil
Get PDFapplication/pdfThe purpose of this article is to introduce Brazil from a dental point of view. Some aspects of Brazilian cultural life and economics that influence oral health and esthetics are presented. The Brazilian dental educational system, tuition fees and ranking of dental schools are compared and contrasted with those in Japan. In Brazil, there are 92 dental schools while in Japan there are 29. Dental schools in Brazil are classified according to their administration into national public schools, state public schools, and private schools. The University of Sao Paulo (U. S. P.) which is the most well recognized and largest university in South America, has three dental schools. The dental school of the Sao Paulo has the largest campus and a population of 715 students. Japanese descendants have a great influence over U. S. P. life. About 30% to 50% of the enrollment in prestigious courses such medicine, dentistry and engineering is filled by students of Japanese descent. The incidence of dental caries and periodontal disease are still extremely prevalent in Brazil, as in other developing countries, contrary to what has been observed in developed countries. Recent data issued by the Brazilian National Oral Health Survey (1994) observed a DMFT of 4.8 among 12-year-olds. In Japan, the National Dental Disease Survey conducted by the Ministry of Public Welfare (1993) revealed a DMFT of 3.64 for the same age group. Socioeconomic differences are seen as the principal cause of the discrepancy.journal articl