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PENENTUAN SKRINING FITOKIMIA, PARAMETER SPESIFIK DAN NON SPESIFIK EKSTRAK UMBI BAWANG HUTAN (Eleutherine americana Merr)
Full text linkABSTRAKBawang Hutan (Eleutherine americana Merr) digunakan oleh masyarakat sangihe sebagai obat untuk mengobati kanker. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan skrining fitokimia, parameter spesifik dan non spesifik ekstrak umbi bawang hutan (Eleutherine americana Merr) yang mencakup penetapan parameter spesifik (uji identifikasi ekstrak, uji organoleptik dan senyawa yang larut dalam alkohol), parameter non spesifik (Susut pengeringan, Kadar air dan kadar abu). Metode penelitian ini adalah eksperimental laboratorium. Awalnya sampel umbi bawang hutan diekstraksi maserasi dengan pelarut etanol 95% kemudian dievaporasi hingga didapatkan ekstrak kental. Hasil ekstrak umbi bawang hutan menghasilkan kandungan kimia flavonoid, alkaloid, glikosida, saponin, tanin, dan triterpenoid, ekstrak etanol umbi bawang hutan (Eleutherine americana Merr) berbentuk kental, berwarna merah pekat, bau seperti gula aren, kadar senyawa larut etanol 40,7%, Penetapan susut pengeringan 0,79%, kadar air yang diperoleh 0,616%, kadar abu yang diperoleh 0,684%. Kata kunci: Umbi bawang hutan, skrining fitokimia, parameter spesifik dan non spesifik.  ABSTRACTForest onion (Eleutherine americana Merr) used by society of sangihe as a medicine for cancer. This research aimed to determined phytochemical screening, determination of specific and non-specific parameters forest onion extract that encompass determination of specific parameter (extract identificafion test, organoleptic test and compound that dissolve in alcohol test), non-specific parameters (drying shrinkage, concentration of water and ash content). This research methods is experimental laboratorium. Initially, the sample of forest onion bulbs was extracted by maceration with 95% ethanol solvent and then evaporated to obtain a thick extract. The results of the extract of forest onion bulbs produce chemical content of flavonoids, alkaloids, glycosides, saponins, tannins, and triterpenoids, ethanol extract of forest onion bulbs (Eleutherine americana Merr) is thick, dark red in color, smells like palm sugar, the content of ethanol soluble compounds is 40.7%, the determination of drying shrinkage is 0.79%, the water content obtained is 0.616%, and the ash content obtained is 0.684%. Keywords: Forest onion, phytochemical screening, specific and non-specific parameter
GAMBARAN PENYIMPANAN OBAT DI PUSKESMAS RANOMUUT KOTA MANADO
Full text linkABSTRACTDrug storage is a regulatory activity for pharmaceutical preparations that are received so that they are safe, avoid physical and chemical damage and their quality is guaranteed in accordance with the stipulated requirements. This study aims to see the description of drug storage at Ranomuut Health Center. This research is descriptive in nature to obtain information on how the description of drug storage in the Pharmacy Installation of the Ranomuut Health Center is. Data collection techniques used in this study were observation, interviews. Based on the results of research on drug storage at the Pharmacy Installation of the Ranomuut Health Center, it is in the very good category with an average percentage of 88.89%. The description of drug storage through drug storage method was obtained 100% (very good), 66,67% (good) spatial arrangement and 100% (very good) stock card recording. Drug storage at the Ranomuut Health Center in Manado City is very good. Keywords: Drug storage, Public Health Center ABSTRAKPenyimpanan obat merupakan kegiatan pengaturan terhadap sediaan farmasi yang diterima agar aman, terhindar dari kerusakan fisik maupun kimia dan mutunya tetap terjamin sesuai dengan persyaratan yang ditetapkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat gambaran penyimpanan obat di Puskesmas Ranomuut. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif untuk mendapat informasi bagaimana gambaran penyimpanan obat di Instalasi Farmasi Puskesmas Ranomuut. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah observasi, wawancara. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian terhadap penyimpanan obat di Puskesmas Ranomuut termasuk kategori sangat baik dengan persentase rata-rata 88,89%. Gambaran penyimpanan obat melalui cara penyimpanan obat diperoleh 100% (sangat baik), pengaturan tata ruang 66,67% (baik), dan pencatatan kartu stok 100% (sangat baik). Penyimpanan obat di Puskesmas Ranomuut Kota Manado adalah sangat baik. Kata kunci: Penyimpanan Obat, Puskesma
ANALISIS KESESUAIAN BIAYA RIIL PASIEN KANKER PAYUDARA PESERTA JKN NON-PBI DENGAN TARIF INA-CBG’s DI RSUP PROF DR KANDOU MANADO
Full text linkNumber of cancer incident in Indonesia exactly in second place that adsorbs state expenditure after hemodialysis included breast cancer. This study aims to find out the suitability of real cost and tariff INA-CBG’s the breast cancer inpatient whom became a member of National Health Insurance (JKN) Non-PBI breast cancer inpatient in RSUP Prof Kandou Manado. The research was an observational study with a cross-sectional design. Data retrospectively collected from medical record inpatient whom registered as a member of National Health Insurance (JKN) Non-PBI during September 2017-August 2018 period and from financial department of RSUP Prof Kandou Manado. Calculating the difference in total real costs with the total tariff of INA-CBG's package in JKN Non-PBI inpatients for breast cancer. The result of the study showed that the cost difference between total real cost and total tariff INA-CBG’s package in chemotherapy patient with C-14-3 code was Rp. 374.645.738, treatment in breast procedure with L-1-50 code was Rp. 496.325.510, and treatment for breast tumor with L-4-11 code was Rp. 294.784.926. The difference value between the real cost and tariff INA-CBG’s package was Rp. 1.165.756.174 for 130 breast cancer patient
FORMULASI DAN UJI EFEKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI KRIM EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN ARA (Ficus Carica L.) TERHADAP BAKTERI Staphylococcus aures PENYEBAB INFEKSI KULIT
Full text linkABSTRACTStaphylococcus aureus is one of the bacteria that causes infection which must be treated with antibiotics. The use of therapy that is not in accordance with the dose can cause resistance. Another alternative that can be done to deal with this resistance is to use herbal ingredients as the basis for therapy. The fig plant has been known by the public as a useful medicinal plant. Both the leaves and fruit of the fig plant contain many secondary metabolic compounds that are good for health. This study aims to find an appropriate cream formulation based on natural ingredients and to develop fig leaf extract which has been analyzed for its benefits as an antibacterial that inhibits the growth of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria in the form of a cream preparation so that it is easy to use. This research is an experimental laboratory research using the modified agar diffusion method, Kirby and Baeur diffusion, by means of wells. The results of the antibacterial effectiveness test showed fig leaf extract cream (Ficus carica L.) with a concentration of 15% had a larger diameter of the inhibition zone against Staphylococcus aureus with an average diameter of 10 cm on each bacterial medium. Fig leaf extract cream (Ficus carica L.) with a concentration of 15% has a soft texture even though it is stored at room temperature, hot or cold temperatures, the pH of the preparation of fig leaf extract cream (Ficus carica L.) is in accordance with skin pH (Ph = 6 ) so that it can be applied to the skin, the dispersion of the preparation is better than the other concentrations, namely free 250 grams with a diameter of 6 cm, and good adhesion, which is 5 seconds.Keywords: Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria, Green gedi, Bioactive compounds, Molecular docking. Â ABSTRAKStaphylococcus aures merupakan salah satu bakteri penyebab infeksi yang harus diterapi dengan antibiotik. Penggunaan terapi yang tidak sesuai dosis dapat menyebabkan terjadinya resistensi. Adapun alternatif lain yang dapat dilakukan untuk menangani reseistensi tersebut ialah dengan menggunakan bahan herbal sebagai bahan dasar terapi. Tanaman ara sudah dikenal oleh masyarakat sebagai tanaman obat yang bermanfaat. Baik daun dan buah tanaman ara mengandung banyak senyawa metabolic sekunder yang baik bagi kesehatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan suatu formulasi krim yang tepat berbasis bahan alam dan mengembangkan ekstrak daun ara yang telah dianalisis manfaatnya sebagai antibakteri yang menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus aures dalam bentuk sediaan krim sehingga memudahkan dalam penggunaannya. Penelitian merupakan penelitian eksperimental laboratorium dengan metode difusi agar, difusi Kirby dan baeur yang dimodifikasi, dengan cara sumuran. Hasil pengujian efektivitas antibakteri menunjukkan krim ekstrak daun ara (Ficus carica L.) dengan konsentrasi 15% memiliki diameter zona hambat terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus yang lebih besar dengan rata-rata diameter 10 cm pada setiap media bakteri. Krim ekstrak daun ara (Ficus carica L.) dengan konsentrasi 15% memiliki tekstur yang lembut meskipun disimpan dalam suhu ruang, suhu panas maupun suhu dingin, pH sediaan krim ekstrak daun ara (Ficus carica L.) sesuai dengan pH kulit (Ph = 6) sehingga dapat diaplikasikan untuk kulit, daya sebar sediaan lebih baik dibandingkan dengan konsentrasi yang lain yaitu bebas 250 gram dengan diameter 6 cm, serta daya lekat yang baik yaitu 5 detik.Kata kunci: Staphylococcus aures, Daun ara, Efektivitas antibakteri, Krim ekstrak daun ara
DOCTOR’S PERCEPTION OF THE ROLE OF PHARMACISTS IN CLINICAL PHARMACY SERVICES AT RSUP PROF. DR. R. D. KANDOU MANADO
Full text linkIn providing pharmaceutical services, collaboration between pharmacists and doctors is needed to improve therapeutic outcomes. For this reason, this study aims to describe doctors' perceptions about the role of pharmacists in carrying out pharmaceutical work at RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado in order to determine the extent to which doctors understand the pharmaceutical services provided by pharmacists. This research is a descriptive research with survey method and data processing is done quantitatively. Research respondents are doctors who work at RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado consisting of 75 respondents. The tool used in this research is a questionnaire using the Guttman scale which has been through validity and reliability tests. Data analysis was carried out by describing it in the form of a frequency distribution to find out how health workers perceive the role of pharmacists in pharmaceutical services at RSUP Prof. Dr. R.D. Kandou Manado. The results showed that doctors' perceptions tended to agree with the average value for opinions of 81.54% and for expectations of 94%. The conclusion of this study is that doctors have good opinions and expectations about the role of pharmacists in accordance with Pharmaceutical Service Standards
POTENCY OF EXTRACT AND FRACTION OF SPONGE Lamellodysidea herbacea OBTAINED FROM MANADO TUA ISLAND AGAINST Staphylococcus aureus AND Escherichia coli
No full textSponges has many kind of secondary metabolites and has potential as important clues in drug development. This study aims to determined the potential level of Sponge Lamellodysidea herbacea obtained from Manado Tua Island waters as an antibacterial agent against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria. The samples were extracted using maceration method with ethanol solvent and fractionated with n-hexane, chloroform and methanol as solvents. Antibacterial activity was tested using agar diffusion method (Disc Diffusion Kirby and Bauer). The result showed that all of the fractions and crude extract had antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The best antibacterial activity was found in the n-hexane fraction against Escherichia coli bacteria with an inhibitory power 11.05 mm and the chloroform fraction against Escherichia coli with an inhibitory power 21.99 mm
UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN EKSTRAK DAN FRAKSI DARI SPONS (MYCALE VANSOESTI) YANG DIPEROLEH DARI PULAU MANADO TUA
Full text linkAntioksidan merupakan senyawa yang berperan dalam mencegah dampak negatif radikal bebas yang dapat menyebabkan berbagai penyakit. Salah satu biota laut yang berpotensi memiliki senyawa bioaktif seperti antioksidan adalah Spons Mycale vansoesti. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak dan fraksi dari spons Mycale vansoesti yang diperoleh dari Pulau Manado Tua. Pengujian aktivitas antioksidan dilakukan dengan menggunakan spektrofotometri Uv-Vis pada panjang gelombang 517 nm dengan metode penghambatan radikal bebas DPPH (1,1-difenil-2-pikrilhidrazil) terhadap ekstrak dan fraksi pada konsentrasi 100 ppm. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol, fraksi n-heksana, fraksi kloroform, dan fraksi metanol memiliki aktivitas antioksidan dengan persen inhibisi yang masing-masing diperoleh adalah 62.31 %, 62.40 %, 49.42 %, dan 56.51 %. Kesimpulan yang didapat yaitu ekstrak dan fraksi spons Mycale vansoesti terbukti memiliki aktivitas antioksidan dengan persen inhibisi tertinggi terdapat pada fraksi n-heksana sebesar 62.40 % dengan konsentrasi 100 ppm.Â
THE POTENCY OF Mycale vansoesti SPONGE EXTRACT AND FRACTIONS FROM MANADO TUA ISLAND WATERS AGAINST THE GROWTH OF Staphylococcus aureus AND Escherichia coli
Full text linkSponges are one of the coral reefs components that have the potential to produce secondary metabolites with antibacterial, antifungal, and anticancer properties that have not been widely used. This study aims to determine the antibacterial activity of the extract and fractions of Mycale vansoesti sponge obtained from Manado Tua Island waters against the growth of Staphylococcus aureus as Gram-positive representatives and Escherichia coli bacteria as Gram-negative representatives. Samples were extracted using the maceration method with 95% ethanol solvent and fractionated with the liquid-liquid method using 3 types of solvents with different polarities, namely n-hexane, chloroform, and methanol. Antibacterial activity test using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. The test results showed that ethanol extract, n-hexane fraction, chloroform fraction and methanol fraction from Mycale vansoesti sponge sample obtained from Manado Tua Island waters have antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli with moderate bacterial inhibitory power
POTENSI EKSTRAK DAN FRAKSI SPONS CALLYSPONGIA AERIZUSA YANG DIPEROLEH DARI PERAIRAN PULAU MANADO TUA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BAKTERI STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS DAN ESCHERICHIA COLI
Full text linkCallyspongia aerizusa memiliki beberapa senyawa dengan aktivitas tinggi dan memiliki struktur permukaan tubuh yang berpori-pori sehingga dimasukkan kedalam filum porifera. Callyspongia aerizusa menghasilkan metabolit sekunder berupa steroid, flavonoid dan terpenoid yang mungkin kedepannya dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan baku obat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adanya aktivitas antibakteri dari ekstrak dan fraksi Spons Callyspongia aerizusa yang diperoleh dari perairan Pulau Manado Tua terhadap Escherichia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus. Sampel diekstraksi dengan metode maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol dan difraksinasi menggunakan pelarut metanol, kloroform dan n- heksan. Pengujian aktivitas antibakteri dilakukan dengan metode disc diffusion agar oleh Kirby dan Bauer dengan sedikit modifikasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Spons Callyspongia aerizusa memiliki daya hambat kuat dan sedang terhadap aktivitas antibakteri Escherichia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus dengan rata-rata 8,99 mm; 9,68 mm; 10,19 mm; 13,50 mm pada Escherichia coli dan 6,88 mm; 6,52 mm; 8,74 mm; 6,67 mm pada bakteri Staphylococcus aureus
IMPLEMENTASI CARA DITRIBUSI OBAT YANG BAIK PADA PEDAGANG BESAR FARMASI DI PT PARIT PADANG GLOBAL
Full text linkABSTRACTThe Good Distribution Practice (GDP) aims to ensure quality throughout the distributions of drugs in accordance with the requirements and intended use. Distribution facilities must ensure that the quality of the drug or drug substance and the integrity of the distribution chain are maintained throughout the distribution process. The study aims to determine the implementation of GDP based on the Regulation of the Head of BPOM RI Number HK.03.1.34.11.12.7542 of 2012 concerning technical guidelines for GDP at PT Parit Padang Global in 2018. This study is an observational and descriptive study that gives a complete picture of how GDP is applied to Pharmaceutical Wholesalers. The results of research related to nine aspects of GDP show that PT Parit Padang implementes the Regulation of the Head of BPOM RI Number HK.03.1.34.11.12.7542 of 2012 concerning technical guidelines for GDP.Keywords: GDP, Pharmaceutical Wholesalers.ABSTRAKCara Distribusi Obat yang Baik (CDOB) bertujuan memastikan mutu sepanjang jalur distribusi atau penyaluran obat sesuai persyaratan dan tujuan penggunaannya. Fasilitas distribusi harus memastikan bahwa mutu obat dan/atau bahan obat dan integritas rantai distribusi dipertahankan selama proses distribusi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengimplementasian cara distribusi obat yang baik berdasarkan pada Peraturan Kepala BPOM RI Nomor HK.03.1.34.11.12.7542 tahun 2012 tentang Pedoman Teknis CDOB di PT Parit Padang Global pada tahun 2018. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasi dan deskriptif yaitu peneliti memberikan gambaran lengkap mengenai penerapan cara distribusi obat yang baik pada PBF. Hasil penelitian terkait sembilan aspek CDOB menunjukan bahwa PT Parit Padang telah mengimplementasikan dengan baik Peraturan Kepala BPOM RI Nomor HK.03.1.34.11.12.7542 tahun 2012 tentang pedoman teknis CDOB. Kata Kunci: CDOB, Pedagang Besar Farmasi