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Faktor-Faktor Yang Memengaruhi Risiko Produksi Bawang Putih Di Indonesia
Full text linkGarlic productivity in Indonesia is still low and fluctuates every year. The productivity fluctuations indicate production risks. This research aims to analyze the factors that influence the productivity and risks of garlic production in Indonesia. The data used in this study is secondary data from the Agricultural Census. Locations of this research were chosen purposively. They are in the three largest production centers, namely Central Java, West Nusa Tenggara, and East Nusa Tenggara. The total sample is 305 farmer respondents from 333 farmer respondents surveyed by the Statistic Center Agency. The method of analysis used in this study is production function with the Just and Pope model approach. Multiple linear regression analysis for the productivity function is estimated through the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) method, whereas, for the production risk function, estimation is conducted using the Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) method. The results showed that the risk level of garlic production in Indonesia was high. Factors significantly increased productivity, including seeds, labor, the dry season, and climate change. Meanwhile, factors that significantly reduced productivity are organic fertilizers and SP36 fertilizers. The risk-inducing production factor is climate change, while the risk-reducing factors are pest attacks and liquid pesticides. To boost productivity, farmers can cultivate garlic during the dry season, increase the use of high-quality seedlings and labor, and reduce the application of organic and SP36 fertilizers. To mitigate production risks, farmers can enhance the use of liquid pesticides following recommended usage standards.Garlic productivity in Indonesia is still low and fluctuates every year. The productivity fluctuations indicate production risks. This research aims to analyze the factors that influence the productivity and risks of garlic production in Indonesia. The data used in this study is secondary data from BPS 2014 in the three largest production centers, namely Central Java, West Nusa Tenggara, and East Nusa Tenggara, with a total sample of 305 farmer respondents from 333 farmer respondents. The method used in this study is a multiple linear regression model with the Just and Pope model approach. Multiple linear regression analysis for the productivity function is estimated through the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) method, whereas for the production risk function, estimation is conducted using the Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) method. The results showed that the risk level of garlic production in Indonesia was high. Factors significantly increased productivity, including seeds, labor, the dry season, and climate change. Meanwhile, factors that significantly reduced productivity are organic fertilizers and SP36 fertilizers. The risk-inducing production factor is climate change, while the risk-reducing factors are pest attacks and liquid pesticides. To boost productivity, farmers can cultivate garlic during the dry season, increase the use of high-quality seedlings and labor, and reduce the application of organic and SP36 fertilizers. To mitigate production risks, farmers can enhance the use of liquid pesticides following recommended usage standards
Kelayakan Investasi Usaha Ayam Broiler Sistem Closed House Dan Open House Di Kabupaten Madiun
Full text linkAnimal protein is a protein that is good for the growth of the human body. Broiler chicken is one source of protein that is often consumed. Broiler production in Madiun Regency is insufficient, so it is necessary to increase production through broiler farming. This study aims to identify the feasibility of broiler business investment. The research location was in Madiun Regency and the research was conducted in March-December 2023. The research was conducted in Madiun District by taking 30 respondents from closed house and open house cage system farms. The non-financial feasibility analysis used market aspects, technical aspects, management and legal aspects, social, economic and cultural aspects, environmental aspects. Based on non-financial aspects, closed house and open house cages have not fulfilled the environmental aspects and the location of the cages is too close to residential areas. Therefore, farmers must maintain the cleanliness of the cage so as not to disturb residents around the cage. Financial analysis uses NPV, IRR, Net BC, PP and switching value sensitivity analysis. The results of the financial analysis found that in scenario I the closed house and open house cage systems were feasible. In scenario II, the closed house system is feasible and the open house system is not feasible. The results in both scenarios show that the closed house system has a better feasibility value, so the closed house system is more financially profitable than the open house.The results of the switching value sensitivity analysis of both types of cages have the most sensitive changes to the business in the form of decreased production, decreased prices and increased feed costs. Partnership system broiler farmers cannot regulate selling and feed prices, so the only way to keep the business viable is to maintain the resulting production. Therefore, farmers must be able to master good production management and cage management to produce maximum broiler production.Animal protein is a protein that is good for the growth of the human body. Broiler chicken is one source of protein that is often consumed. Broiler production in Madiun Regency is not sufficient, so it is necessary to increase production through broiler farming. This study aims to identify the feasibility of broiler business investment. The location of the research was Madiun Regency and the research was conducted in May-June 2023. Respondents were taken by purposive sampling by taking 30 respondents from closed and open house systems. The non-financial feasibility analysis used market aspects, technical aspects, management and legal aspects, social, economic and cultural aspects, and environmental aspects. Based on non-financial aspects, the closed house system does not fulfill the environmental aspects and the location of the cage is too close to residential areas. Financial analysis using NPV, Net BC, IRR, PP and switching value sensitivity analysis. The results of the financial feasibility study with an interest rate of 6% and a business life of 10 years, the closed house and open house cage systems are feasible. The closed house has higher NPV, IRR, Net B/C and PP values than the open house, so the closed house system is more profitable than the open house. The results of the switching value sensitivity analysis of both types of cages have the most sensitive changes to the business in the form of decreased production, decreased prices and increased feed costs. Partnership system broiler farmers are unable to regulate selling prices and feed prices, so the only way to keep the business viable is to maintain the resulting production. Therefore, farmers must be able to master good production management and cage management to produce maximum broiler production
Determinan Keputusan Petani Mengelola Usahatani Padi Di Lahan Suboptimal
Full text linkThe conversion of paddy fields seriously impacts rice availability for national food reserves, so the government is implementing a sub-optimal land extension program. Indonesia has sub-optimal land that has the potential to become a national rice barn if appropriately managed. The types of sub-optimal land most widely used in rice cultivation are lowland and tidal swamps, where the community can work. This research analyzes the determinants of rice farmers\u27 decisions in managing sub-optimal land. This research was conducted in West Tanjung Jabung Regency, Jambi Province, with a sample of 90 rice farmers. Data were analyzed using the multinomial logistic regression method. The determining factors are seen from the demographic and economic aspects. The research results show that factors that significantly influence farmers\u27 decisions to choose tidal land from the demographic aspect are age and farming experience; from the economic element are the number of family dependents, land ownership status, and non-farming income. The significant determining factors in farmers\u27 decisions to manage lowland swamp land from the demographic aspect are age and farming experience, and from the economic element are the number of family dependents and non-farming income. From the research, recommendations that can maximize the use of sub-optimal land are increasing promotion and education to the community about rice cultivation on sub-optimal land, providing easy access for farmers to rent land, and it is hoped that farmers will continue to have non-farming income to balance household needs and procurement of capital and farming input.The conversion of paddy fields seriously impacts rice availability for national food reserves, so the government is implementing a sub-optimal land extension program. Indonesia has suboptimal land that has the potential to become a national rice barn if appropriately managed. The types of suboptimal land most widely used in rice cultivation are lowland and tidal swamps, where the community can work. This research analyzes the determinants of rice farmers\u27 decisions in managing suboptimal land. This research was conducted in West Tanjung Jabung Regency, Jambi Province, with a sample of 90 rice farmers. Data were analyzed using the multinomial logistic regression method. The determining factors are seen from the demographic and economic aspects. The research results show that factors that significantly influence farmers\u27 decisions to choose tidal land from the demographic aspect are age and farming experience; from the economic element are the number of family dependents, land ownership status, and non-farming income. The significant determining factors in farmers\u27 decisions to manage lowland swamp land from the demographic aspect are age and farming experience, and from the economic element are the number of family dependents and non-farming income. From the research, recommendations that can maximize the use of suboptimal land are increasing promotion and education to the community about rice cultivation on suboptimal land, providing easy access for farmers to rent land, and it is hoped that farmers will continue to have non-farming income to balance household needs and procurement of capital and farming input
Sistem Pemasaran Beras Bujang Marantau Di Kecamatan Sungai Tarab, Kabupaten Tanah Datar, Provinsi Sumatera Barat
Full text linkThe “Bujang Marantau” rice variety is local rice from Tanah Datar Regency which was registered as a national superior rice variety by BPTP West Sumatra in 2015 and grows well in Tanah Datar Regency. This increase in “Bujang Marantau” rice production must be balanced with a good marketing system so that farmers and institutions marketing can receive more favorable prices. The study is aimed to analyze the channels, functions and operational efficiency of rice marketing (marketing margin, farmer’s share, and profit to cost ratio) in Sungai Tarab District. This research involved 45 farmers as samples obtained through a simple random sampling method. Marketing institution respondents were obtained using the snowball method based on the flow of information from farmers and 15 marketing institution respondents were obtained. Qualitative data is used to analyze marketing channels and institutions. Quantitative data is used to analyze marketing margin, farmer’s share, profit to cost ratio and marketing efficiency index. The results showed that there are 3 marketing channels and 3 types of marketing institutions involved. The results of the marketing operational efficiency analysis show that the relatively efficient marketing channel is channel III because it has the lowest marketing margin value, the highest farmer’s share, and the shortest marketing channel compared to other channels. Marketing institutions should further optimize the marketing functions of each institution, such as the transportation function, so that transportation costs can be lower and minimize marketing costs more efficiently
Analisis Kelayakan Pengembangan Bisnis Sayuran Hidroponik (Studi Kasus Kebun Gizi Hidroponik Pondok Pesantren Hidayatullah Depok)
Full text linkHydroponic Nutrition Garden at Hidayatullah Islamic Boarding School Depok is a Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) program of Kimia Farma that utilizes the potential of Islamic boarding schools to support the development of economic independence at Hidayatullah Islamic Boarding School Depok. The demand for hydroponic vegetables in this nutrition garden continues to increase, but the amount of production has not met this demand, therefore it needs development. The purpose of this research is to see the feasibility of the company after development. The method used in this research is to look at financial and non-financial aspects. The results of the analysis on non-financial aspects state that the development of a hydroponic vegetable business is feasible based on market, technical, management, legal, social, economic, cultural, and environmental aspects. Results of financial aspect analysis based on NPV with a value of Rp. 140,052,675 and Rp. 205,508,544, IRR with a value of 57% and 68%, Net B/C with a value of 6.43 and 6.96, Payback Period with a period of 1 year 8 months and 1 year 6 months, and Incremental Net Benefit with a value of Rp. 65,455,869 show that the business is feasible to run either without or with development.Hydroponic Nutrition Garden at Hidayatullah Islamic Boarding School Depok is a Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) program of Kimia Farma that utilizes the potential of Islamic boarding schools to support the development of economic independence at Hidayatullah Islamic Boarding School Depok. The demand for hydroponic vegetables in this nutrition garden continues to increase, but the amount of production has not met this demand, therefore it needs development. The results of the analysis on non-financial aspects state that the development of a hydroponic vegetable business is feasible based on market, technical, management, legal, social, economic, cultural and environmental aspects. Results of financial aspect analysis based on NPV with a value of Rp. 140,052,675 and Rp. 205,508,544, IRR with a value of 57% and 68%, Net B/C with a value of 6.43 and 6.96, Payback Period with a period of 1 year 8 months and 1 year 6 months, and Incremental Net Benefit with a value of Rp. 65,455,869 show that the business is feasible to run either without or with development
Model Penawaran Dan Permintaan Bawang Putih Indonesia: Pendekatan Sistem Dinamik
Full text linkThere is a reasonably high gap between the ability to supply garlic and demand that requires the government to carry out a garlic import policy to meet domestic needs. The high dependency on imported garlic supplies has caused garlic imports to increase. This study aims to analyze the supply and demand model for garlic and formulate policy recommendations regarding the supply and demand for Indonesian garlic using system dynamics model approach. The model in this study is simulated for the next 12 years (2022-2033). Based on the model simulation results, in the base conditions (before the scenario was implemented), the behavior pattern of garlic availability was goal-seeking. At the same time, demand had an exponential growth behavior pattern, and supply had an increasing trend. In 2033, it is estimated that the availability of garlic will experience a deficit, and garlic production and total farmers\u27 income will continue to decline. Therefore, policies are needed to increase garlic farmers\u27 availability, production, and total income in Indonesia through several policy scenarios. The policy scenario with the best results is a combination of an increase in area, productivity, and the realization of mandatory planting by importers because it can produce the highest availability and production of garlic compared to other scenarios. The most sensitive variable to the availability of Indonesian garlic is mandatory planting. Each increase in the realization of mandatory planting by importers by 10 percent can increase the availability of Indonesian garlic by 4.7 percent.There is a reasonably high gap between the ability to supply garlic and demand that requires the government to carry out a garlic import policy to meet domestic needs. The high dependency on imported garlic supplies has caused garlic imports to increase. This study aims to analyze the supply and demand model for garlic and formulate policy recommendations regarding the supply and demand for Indonesian garlic using system dynamics model approach. The model in this study is simulated for the next 12 years (2022-2033). Based on the model simulation results, in the base conditions (before the scenario was implemented), the behavior pattern of garlic availability was goal-seeking. At the same time, demand had an exponential growth behavior pattern, and supply had an increasing trend. In 2033, it is estimated that the availability of garlic will experience a deficit, and garlic production and total farmers\u27 income will continue to decline. Therefore, policies are needed to increase garlic farmers\u27 availability, production, and total income in Indonesia through several policy scenarios. The policy scenario with the best results is a combination of an increase in area, productivity, and the realization of mandatory planting by importers because it can produce the highest availability and production of garlic compared to other scenarios. The most sensitive variable to the availability of Indonesian garlic is mandatory planting. Each increase in the realization of mandatory planting by importers by 10 percent can increase the availability of Indonesian garlic by 4.7 percent
Perkembangan dan Pola Struktur Perekonomian Sektor Pertanian Kabupaten Padang Pariaman
Full text linkThe agricultural sector is the second largest contributor to the PDRB of Padang Pariaman Regency, but thecontribution of the agricultural sector to the economy is decreasing. A number of food, horticultural andplantation commodity crops experienced a decline in production from 2016-2020. This study aims toanalyze the development, patterns and economic structure of the agricultural sector in Padang PariamanRegency. This research was conducted in Padang Pariaman Regency, West Sumatra. This study uses 3agricultural sub-sectors, namely the food crops sub-sector, horticultural crops sub-sector and plantationcrops sub-sector. The data used in this research is secondary data consisting of production data. The methodused in this research is quantitative. The data sources used in this study came from the Central Bureau ofStatistics for Padang Pariaman Regency, the Central Statistics Agency for West Sumatra Province and thePadang Pariaman Regency Agriculture Office in 2016-2020. The data analysis technique used is theDiversity Entropy Index and the Klassen Typology. The results of the study can be concluded that the IDEvalue for all commodities in the agricultural sub-sector of Padang Pariaman Regency is <1, which means itis not growing or evenly distributed. The results of the Klassen Typology analysis are that there are sixcommodities that are classified as advanced and fast-growing commodities and fast-growing commodities.There are eight commodities that are classified as advanced but under pressure and commodities that arerelatively underdeveloped. Therefore, the government of Padang Pariaman Regency needs to make policiesthat can support increased activity in the agricultural sector, improve technology and innovation so thatproductivity increases and commodity equity.The agricultural sector is the second largest contributor to the PDRB of Padang Pariaman Regency, but the contribution of the agricultural sector to the economy is decreasing. A number of food, horticultural and plantation commodity crops experienced a decline in production from 2016-2020. This study aims to analyze the development, patterns and economic structure of the agricultural sector in Padang Pariaman Regency. This research was conducted in Padang Pariaman Regency, West Sumatra. This study uses 3 agricultural sub-sectors, namely the food crops sub-sector, horticultural crops sub-sector and plantation crops sub-sector. The data used in this research is secondary data consisting of production data. The method used in this research is quantitative. The data sources used in this study came from the Central Bureau of Statistics for Padang Pariaman Regency, the Central Statistics Agency for West Sumatra Province and the Padang Pariaman Regency Agriculture Office in 2016-2020. The data analysis technique used is the Diversity Entropy Index and the Klassen Typology. The results of the study can be concluded that the IDE value for all commodities in the agricultural sub-sector of Padang Pariaman Regency is <1, which means it is not growing or evenly distributed. The results of the Klassen Typology analysis are that there are six commodities that are classified as advanced and fast-growing commodities and fast-growing commodities. There are eight commodities that are classified as advanced but under pressure and commodities that are relatively underdeveloped. Therefore, the government of Padang Pariaman Regency needs to make policies that can support increased activity in the agricultural sector, improve technology and innovation so that productivity increases and commodity equity
Determinan yang Memengaruhi Pemilihan Saluran Pemasaran Bunga Potong Krisan di Kabupaten Cianjur
Full text linkKrisan merupakan salah satu komoditi utama di Kabupaten Cianjur dengan 52% dari total produksi krisan di Provinsi Jawa Barat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis determinan penentu yang memengaruhi pilihan saluran pemasaran petani bunga potong krisan di Kabupaten Cianjur. Petani memiliki dua pilihan saluran pemasaran untuk mendistribusikan bunga potong krisannya hingga ke konsumen akhir yaitu melalui pedagang pengumpul dan juga melalui pedagang besar di Pasar Rawabelong. Saluran pemasaran yang paling efisien adalah saluran 2 yaitu melalui pedagang besar, namun saluran yang paling banyak dipilih petani adalah saluran 1 atau melalui pedagang pengumpul. Responden dalam penelitian ini adalah para petani bunga potong krisan di dua kecamatan sentra yaitu Kecamatan Cugenang dan Kecamatan Sukaresmi, dengan jumlah responder 60 petani.. Penelitian ini dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis regresi logistik biner dengan menetapkan saluran pemasaran yang efisien sebagai variabel acuan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ada 6 faktor yang memengaruhi pilihan saluran pemasaran yaitu usia (-), pendidikan (+), volume penjualan (+), harga per ikat (+), ikatan modal (-) dan biaya transportasi (+). Petani lebih memilih menjual ke pedagang pengumpul (saluran 1) karena adanya keterikatan modal dengan pedagang pengumpul akibat minimnya modal yang dimiliki petani. Faktor lainnya adalah semakin bertambahnya usia, petani cenderung memilih saluran yang tidak efisien. Selain itu, semakin bertambahnya lama pendidikan, volume penjualan, harga perikat, dan biaya transportasi yang dikeluarkan, maka petani cenderung memilih saluran yang efisien (saluran 2). Penelitian ini memiliki implikasi terhadap petani bunga potong krisan agar tidak selalu bergantung kepada pedagang pengumpul dalam mendistribusikan bunga potong krisannya. Selain itu perlu ada pendampingan dari pemerintah dalam hal kemudahan mendapatkan modal usaha baik finansial maupun bantuan berupa pupuk, bibit, dan lain-lain.
Kata kunci: Distribusi, Saluran Pemasaran, Regresi logistik biner, Variabel ResponChrysanthemum is one of the main commodities in Cianjur Regency with 52% of the total chrysanthemum production in West Java Province. This study aims to analyze the determinants that influence the choice of marketing channels for chrysanthemum farmers in Cianjur Regency. Farmers have two choices of marketing channels to distribute their chrysanthemum cut flowers to final consumers, namely through collectors and also through wholesalers in Rawabelong Market. The most efficient marketing channel is channel 2, where farmers sell to wholesalers in the swamp belong before finally selling to the final consumers. The channel most chosen by farmers is channel 1, in which farmers sell their chrysanthemum cut flowers to the collectors and then from the collectors they sell them to wholesalers in Rawabelong Market, before being received by the final consumers. Respondents in this study were chrysanthemum cut flower farmers in two central districts, namely Cugenang District and Sukaresmi District, with a total of 60 farmers. This research was analyzed using binary logistic regression analysis by setting efficient marketing channels as the reference variable. The results of this study indicate that there are 6 factors that influence the choice of marketing channels, namely age (-), education (+), sales volume (+), price per bundle (+), capital bond (-) and transportation costs (+). Farmers prefer to sell to collectors (channel 1) because of the attachment of capital to collectors due to the lack of capital owned by farmers. Another factor is that as they get older, farmers tend to choose inefficient channels. In addition, the increasing length of education, sales volume, bond price, and transportation costs incurred, farmers tend to choose the efficient channel (channel 2). This research has policy implications for the regional government, especially the Cianjur Regency Agriculture Service, so that they can provide capital assistance in the form of seeds, fertilizers and financial so that farmers do not depend on village collectors for capital
Strategi Pengembangan Usaha Penjualan Daging Sapi Segar
Full text linkBerkah Sapi Business is a small business engaged in the sale or marketing of fresh beef. However, in running the business, Berkah Sapi experienced problems, especially in marketing beef. The selection and application of the right strategy in the development process will greatly affect the performance of the Blessing Cow Business. This study has the aim of knowing (1). determinants of success in developing the Berkah Sapi business in Pulutan Village, Sidorejo District, Salatiga City and (2) the strategy for developing the Berkah Sapi business. This research was conducted from January to March 2022. The respondents used were key informant (Mr. H. Muhammad Rofiq), informant 1 (mother Hjh. Sri Sundari) and informant 2 (Muhammad Aditya). From the results of this study, the main factor in the success of the Berkah Sapi Salatiga business is a strategic location, which is on the side of the road, has fresh quality meat and an affordable selling price (Rp. 120,000/kg. The development of the Berkah Sapi business uses the SO (Strength - Opportunities) strategy. ), which has a strategic location and fresh meat quality. With this strategy, Berkah Sapi must also pay attention to the sales promotion process to livestock care. The IFAS value is 0.72 and the EFAS is 0.16 which shows Berkah Sapi is in quadrant 1 progressive namely growing and developing. Blessings of Cows must continue to pay attention to the cleanliness of the cage to ensure the health and quality of beef so that consumer loyalty will increase and create additional market share. In addition, promotion through social media that leads to the importance of consuming quality beef will increase demand
Risiko Produksi Dan Harga Pada Usahatani Rumput Laut Di Kabupaten Takalar Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan
Full text linkSeaweed is an export product of aquaculture commodities that have high economic value. One of the areas with high seaweed production in Indonesia is Takalar Regency, South Sulawesi Province. The challenges faced in seaweed farming in South Sulawesi are productivity and price fluctuations. This indicates that there is a risk in cultivated seaweed farming. This study aimed to analyze production risk factors, price risk levels, and risk management for seaweed farming in Takalar Regency, South Sulawesi Province. This study uses primary data derived from 100 respondents who were selected randomly. Analysis of production risk factors using the Just and Pope models with the Cobb-Douglas production function and the level of price risk is carried out by measuring the coefficient of variation and the price floor. Meanwhile, risk management consists of preventive, mitigation, and risk-coping strategies. The results showed that the production risk factors that had a significant effect was labor and harvesting age and had the characteristic of inducing risk factors. The price risk farmers face in Takalar Regency is indicated by the coefficient variation value of 0,279, so the risk level faced is 27,9 percent per kg. Risk management is a preventive strategy by maximizing farming activities, and the quality of the inputs used before risks occur in production and prices.Seaweed is an export product of aquaculture commodities that have high economic value. One of the areas with high seaweed production in Indonesia is Takalar Regency, South Sulawesi Province. The challenges faced in seaweed farming in South Sulawesi are productivity and price fluctuations. This indicates that there is a risk in cultivated seaweed farming. This study aimed to analyze production risk factors, price risk levels, and risk management for seaweed farming in Takalar Regency, South Sulawesi Province. This study uses primary data derived from 100 respondents who were selected randomly. Analysis of production risk factors using the Just and Pope models with the Cobb-Douglas production function and the level of price risk is carried out by measuring the coefficient of variation and the price floor. Meanwhile, risk management consists of preventive, mitigation, and risk-coping strategies. The results showed that the production risk factors that had a significant effect was labor and harvesting age and had the characteristic of inducing risk factors. The price risk farmers face in Takalar Regency is indicated by the coefficient variation value of 0,279, so the risk level faced is 27,9 percent per kg. Risk management is a preventive strategy by maximizing farming activities, and the quality of the inputs used before risks occur in production and prices