Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal
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Upaya Penurunan Tingkat Kanibalisme Udang Windu (Penaeus monodon) dengan Penambahan Dosis Suplemasi TriptofanYang Berbeda
Get PDFThe aim of this experiment was to find out the suitable dosage of tryptophan mixed in diet of trash fish were fed and to decrease canibalism levels of tiger prawn (Penaeus monodon) reared in the aquarium. The research was conducted in research station of Research Institute for Brackishwater Aquaculture Maranak, Maros South Sulawesi for 28 days.Twelve aquaria were used of this research and the dimention of 60 x 40 x 40 cm. Tiger prawn seed of post larva of 35th from hatchery were used to this research and the dimention of 1,4 ± 0.1 cm body length and 0,01 ± 0.01 g body weight. Twentyfive pieces of tiger prawn seed were spreaded on the each aquaria. The treatments were applied of dosage of tryptophan were mixed in the trash fish (Sardinella sp) as much as (A): 0 % of biomass total, (B): 0,5 %, (C): 1,0 % and (D): 1,5 % of biomass total with three replicates respectively. Variables monitored growth of body weigth, canibalism levels, survival rate of twentyfive tiger prawn seed and water quality. Experimental design used complate randomized design. During of rearing were fed trash fish with frequency of twice a days of dosage 15 % of total body weight. The result showed that the tiger prawn seed fed the diet with additional 0,5 - 1,5 % tryptophan had significantly lower (P<0.05) cannibalisms compared to the tiger prawn seed feed the control diet. The tiger prawn seed fed the diet with additional 1,5 % tryptophan had significantly higher (P<0.05) survival rate compared to the crablet fed the control diet. However, there were not significantly different specific growth rate among the treaments. Based on this result that additional 0,5 - 1,5 % tryptophan could be decrease cannibalisms of tiger prawn seed during experiment
Populasi Tungau Parasit Varroa jacobsoni: Penyebab Kematian Pupa dan Korelasinya terhadap Produksi Madu Apis cerana pada Sisiran Sarang Membujur dan Melintang
Get PDFBee keeping of local bee (Apis cerana Fab.) in Purbalingga Regency is spread widely from 25 m to 350 m asl, eventhough quatatively the production is still low. It is caused by parasitic mite attack, Varroa jacobsoni. This mite attack then suck haemolymph of the pupae, meanwhile if the bee comb cell consist of more than one mites, the pupae will die, consequently the honey production will decrease. The aims of the research are: 1) to know a mount of individual mite living and caused the death of one bee pupae, .2) to define the correlationship between density of parasitic mite and honey production, 3). To differ parasite mite V. jacobsoni density in longitudinal and cross posision of combs. Method used was survey with purposive random sampling tehnique on two posision of bee comb, 15 samples were taken in each posision. The data were analyzed by counting the amount of mite living on every dead pupae and the correlation was analyzed for the relationship between relative density of parasite mite and honey production. The result shows that correlation between relative density of parasitic mite and honey production is unsignificant. Conclusion of the research are: 1) amount of parasitic mite living on bee pupae and causing death is 5,80 individual on cross posisition comb and 4,71 individual on longitudinal posision comb. 2) correlation between relative density of parasitic mite and honey production is unsignificant. 3). The relative density of parasitic mite between two posisions of comb is unsignificant
Studi Kasus Pemanfaatan Tumbuhan Sebagai Obat-Obatan Tradisional Oleh Masyarakat Adat Kampung Naga Di Kabupaten Tasikmalaya
Get PDFA study entitled "A Case Study of Plant Utilization as Traditional Medicines by Indigenous Community of Kampung Naga" has been conducted from April-July 2010. The aims of the research to determine the type, how to used and to conserve plants used for medicine by the indegenous community in Kampung Naga. The research method was survey and the data collection was done with census method, interview and questionnaire for the tribe (kuncen), midwife (paraji), community leaders and residents of Kampung Naga. The results of the research showed that there 108 plants species including to 50 families used as medicinal plants. The organ and nutritious plants used as medicine are the roots, rhizomes, tubers, stems, seeds, flowers, fruits, and leaves, or the whole plant parts. The way to use the medicinal plants includes boiing, just posted, and immediately eaten after steaming. The plants used as medicine were obtained from the gardens, forests, yards, roadside, moor and fields. The conservation efforts undertaken by the community of Kampung Naga consist of plant planting and cultural conservation
Nilai Konservasi Tinggi Kawasan Hutan Nusakambangan Sebagai Sumber Penghidupan bagi Masyarakat Lokal
Get PDFA study on ecosystem services of Nusakambangan tropical low land rain forest was conducted by survey method. The purposes of this study are to identify the ecosystem services needed by local community families, to define degree of dependency of the local community family on the ecosystem services, to know the status of high conservation value (HCV 5) and to design the conservation strategy. The results showed that Nusakambangan low land rain forest has HCV 5. The basic need of the local community families has depends on the ecosystem service of Nusakambangan tropical low land rain forest. The silvopastory technology can be applied as conservation strategy of Nusakambangan tropical low land rain forest
Analisis Variasi Bentuk Karapaks Kuya Batok (Cuora amboinensis Daudin, 1802) dan Bajuku (Orlitia borneensis Gray, 1873) dengan Metode Elliptic Fourier Descriptors
Get PDFTurtles is easily identified because of its shield. The dorsal shield or commonly called carapace is one of characteristics that can be used for turtle’s identification. People and researchers usually can distinguish the turtles just by looking at the carapace valve, but not in carapace shape. Both of them sometimes have their own interpretation about it, because carapace shape has a variation. This research was aimed to obtain some information about differences of carapace shape variation between Coura amboinensis and Orlitia borneensis quantitatively and also to investigate about characteristic of variation on carapace shape of a species. The specimens were taken from Pusat Penyelamatan Satwa Jogja. The picture of carapace shape of the turtles was changed into bitmap then processed used SHAPE ver 1.3. The variation of carapace contour were extracted by image processing, described and analyzed by Elliptic Fourier Descriptors. Mathematically independent shape characteristics were then indentified by Principal Component Analysis of The Elliptic Fourier Descriptors. Principal components represented the aspect ratio of the broad size, length size, and curve or roundness margin of the carapace. Based on result showed that intraspecies variation shape of carapace on C. amboinensis and on O. borneensis can be analysis into 3 principal component. The principal component 1st (PC1), 2nd (PC2) and 3rd (PC3) components accounted for 82.77%, 10.3% and 4.73% of total shape variation on C. amboinensis. The 1st, 2nd and 3rd components accounted for 88.1%, 7.02% and 3.71% of total shape variation on O. borneensis. The contribution ratio of PC1 was over 80% on both of species, showing that most of the variation on carapace shape could be explained by the aspect ratio. The PC2 and PC3 were less than 20%, indicated that there is small asymmetric variation degree of roundness on carapace
Kajian Histologis Infeksi LD50 SLNPV terhadap Kerusakan Membran Peritrofik Larva Spodoptera litura Fabricius
Get PDFThe effect of SlNPV infection on peritrophic membrane of Spodoptera litura has been carried out. The damage of histological structure caused by SlNPV (0, 315, 390, 465, 540 and 615 PIB/ml) was investigated after 0, 12, 24 ,72 and 96 hours post infection. The histological material was prepared by using parafin method after fixation with Bouin Solution, then sliced into 7 mm and stained with Hematoxilin-Eosin. The descriptive obsevation on structural intact of peritrophic membrane histology caused by SlNPV infection shows a tendency to decrease, while in control, there was no damage at all. The longer the exposition of virion in the midgut lumen the more damage on peritrophic membrane occurred. The severest damage occurred 96 hour after infection. The result prove that haNPV virion can destroy histological structure of midgu
Study on The Efficacy of Nitrogen Utilization by Rice Genotypes Part 1: Clustering and Selection for Rice Genotypes
Get PDFThis experiment was carried out in a greenhouse as, the first part of four consecutive experiments. Sixty rice genotypes comprising 30 national and 30 local genotypes were evaluated for their responses and efficacy to nitrogen (N, urea) fertilizer application. Two levels of N fertilizer, i.e., 0 (N1) and 120 (N2) kg of N per hectare were applied. Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications was used as the experimental design. The observed parameters were grain yield per pot and grain yield index (GI). Based on average of grain yield of N1, average of grain yield of N2, and grain yield index (GI), the 60 evaluated genotypes were classified into four clusters. These clusters consisted of 26 efficient and responsive (ER) genotypes, 7 efficient and non-responsive (ENR) genotypes, 6 non-efficient and responsive (NER) genotypes, and non-efficient and non-responsive (NENR) genotypes. Replacement of cultivars in rice cultivation, from non efficient (NE)-genotype to efficient (E)-genotype has a potential of yield increase of 90.83%, replacement of non-responsive (NR) with responsive (R) genotype has a potential yield increase of 59.57%, replacement of local genotypes with national genotypes has a potential to increase yield 8.66% only. Of the 26 ERs, genotypes with the highest efficiency were Singkil, IR-66, Indragiri, Sintanur, and Widas. Genotypes with the highest response were Ciliwung, IR-66, Ciherang, Sintanur, and Cisadane. These genotypes can be used to increase rice production, to reduce production costs and to reduce environmental pollution. The ER, ENR and NER genotypes can be used as parents in breeding for high yielding and N efficient rice genotypes
Stok Sumberdaya Ikan Demersal Laut Dalam di Perairan ZEEI Samudera Hindia Sebelah Selatan Jawa
Get PDFThe objective of this research was to study about species composition, distribution, and stock density of deep sea demersal fish in the southern Java of the Indian Ocean EEZ waters. This research was carried out based on data collected from the survey conducted between September and October 2004 using Baruna Jaya IV research vessel. This study was basically conducted by applying swept area method with stratified random sampling. The result showed that the species composition of deep sea demersal fish in southern of Java waters were consisted of 169 fishes, 31 crustaceans and 20 cephalopods and the catch of deep sea demersal fish was dominated by ashiro (Ophidiidae) about 45 % and hair tail (Trichiurus lepturus) about 22 %. The widest of species distribution of these resources in southern of Java waters was Chlorophtalmus nigromarginatus. The highest abundance of deep sea resources were caught on the depth of 700-1100 m and the lowest on the depth 200-400 m. Stock density of these resources in southern off Java waters was ranged from 794-39863 kg/km²
Kajian Etnobotani Pisang-pisang Liar (Musa spp.) Di Malinau, Kalimantan Timur
Get PDFEthnobotany studies of wild banana species in Malinau, East Kalimantan has been done. There are two varieties of wild banana species in Malinau, e.g. Musa borneensis Becc. var. flavida Häkkinen & Meekiong and Musa acuminata Colla var. microcarpa Nasution. They have an important roles in the customs of the local communities in Malinau, Punan tribes as land certificate. In addition, young pseudostem of M. borneensis Becc. var. flavida often used as food in the traditional parties. The description and the uses of M. borneensis var. flavida and M. acuminata var. microcarpa are presented here
Keragaman Benthos pada Budidaya Rajungan (Portunus pelagicus) di Tambak Percobaan Maranak, Balai Riset Perikanan Budidaya Air Payau Maros Sulawesi Selatan
Get PDFA study has been conducted in Maranak Pond Station of Research Institute for Coastal Aquaculture, Maros South Sulawesi. The objective of this study was to analyse the benthos diversity on the swimming crab (Portunus pelagicus) culture in the brackishwater pond. Sampling of benthos was conducted each month for four times. Benthos samples were obtained from 9 ponds. Pipe (pvc) in diameter of 2 cm was used to collect benthos then preserved in 10% of formalin solution. Microscopically identification of benthos was conducted until genus and counting cell method was used to calculate their population density. Research results showed that benthos composition were 32 genera of phytoplankton and 15 genera of zooplankton. Varies benthos density at the range of 954 – 23,850 ind. / cm2 and genus at the range of 2 – 14 genera. Gut content of swimming crab were 6 genera of phytoplankton, Copepod nauplii and unknown organism. Benthos diversity indices was classified moderately stable in ponds 2 – 6 and 8 - 9 while in pond 1 and 7 were not stable. Evenness indices of benthos in ponds 3 - 8 were relatively more normal of distribution than ponds 1, 2 and 9. Dominance indices of ponds 3 - 9 relatively better than ponds 1 and 2